Specify and document current PM_DEVICE behavior, including PM_DEVICE=n and device_deinit() #90275

bjarki-andreasen · 2025-05-21T10:36:56Z

This PR aims to document the status quo of device power management to provide a foundation for current driver development, and future refactoring discussions, since we need to agree on the current state before being able to discuss the future state :)

The PR also adds the missing counterpart to pm_device_driver_init().

JordanYates

What is the purpose of this function? It seems odd that it is running functions when CONFIG_PM_DEVICE=n but doesn't do anything when CONFIG_PM_DEVICE=y?

bjarki-andreasen · 2025-05-21T12:54:51Z

What is the purpose of this function? It seems odd that it is running functions when CONFIG_PM_DEVICE=n but doesn't do anything when CONFIG_PM_DEVICE=y?

Check out subsys/pm/device.c for now it simply ensures the device is not in use (suspended or off) to prevent deinit of a device which is in use. Even if it did nothing if CONFIG_PM_DEVICE=n, that would still be fine IMO, its there to allow device_deinit() to undo what device_init() did through pm_device_driver_init()

subsys/pm/device.c

JordanYates

For now, this is a simple check ensuring the device is not in use

What is stopping a final implementation from being implemented now? The function should have defined semantics, and they should be implemented properly when the function is introduced, not modified at some point in "the future".

bjarki-andreasen · 2025-05-22T11:55:22Z

For now, this is a simple check ensuring the device is not in use

What is stopping a final implementation from being implemented now? The function should have defined semantics, and they should be implemented properly when the function is introduced, not modified at some point in "the future".

This is all we need for now, I don't think there is a "final" implementation, its just a hook for doing whatever is required of PM at a given time :)

JordanYates · 2025-05-22T12:02:02Z

include/zephyr/pm/device.h

+		return rc;
+	}
+
+	rc = action_cb(dev, PM_DEVICE_ACTION_TURN_OFF);


This doesn't seem right, the device is not literally being turned off, just the software construct destroyed.
This would lead to GPIO's being put into incorrect states if used generically, which the PM API is.

Overloading the meaning of PM_DEVICE_ACTION_TURN_OFF is a bad idea IMO.

I'm okay with removing the call to TURN_OFF, given that all resources like GPIOs are released as part of device_deinit(), I think you are right that it makes little sense to act as if the driver is being turned off before being deinitialized.

Agree about it

include/zephyr/pm/device.h

bjarki-andreasen · 2025-05-27T13:11:22Z

@JordanYates could you revisit this one?

subsys/pm/device.c

JordanYates

It's still not clear to me how this helps to reliably implement the requirements of the device_deinit API.

zephyr/include/zephyr/device.h

Lines 880 to 885 in af46f62

    
            * When a device is de-initialized, it will release any resources it has 
        
            * acquired (e.g. pins, memory, clocks, DMA channels, etc.) and its status will 
        
            * be left as in its reset state. 
        
            * 
        
            * @warning It is the responsibility of the caller to ensure that the device is 
        
            * ready to be de-initialized.

It's on the caller to determine whether the device can be de-initialized, not the implementation.

Why is STATE_SUSPENDED any more likely to be the "reset state" of a device than STATE_ACTIVE? In many cases the suspend state is explicitly not the reset state of a device.

bjarki-andreasen · 2025-05-29T09:31:02Z

It's still not clear to me how this helps to reliably implement the requirements of the device_deinit API.

zephyr/include/zephyr/device.h

Lines 880 to 885 in af46f62

* When a device is de-initialized, it will release any resources it has

* acquired (e.g. pins, memory, clocks, DMA channels, etc.) and its status will

* be left as in its reset state.

*

* @warning It is the responsibility of the caller to ensure that the device is

* ready to be de-initialized.

It's on the caller to determine whether the device can be de-initialized, not the implementation.

This to my knowledge was intended to clearly indicate that there is no reference counting or other tracking of who is using the device built in to the device model (which there was with an early version of device_deinit()), not that no checks are allowed to make sure it makes sense. Otherwise surely

zephyr/kernel/device.c

Lines 150 to 152 in 600cae6

    
           if (!dev->state->initialized) { 
        
           	return -EPERM; 
        
           }

would not exist :) The function returns a value, it can fail, we are allowed to do additional sanity checking.

Why is STATE_SUSPENDED any more likely to be the "reset state" of a device than STATE_ACTIVE? In many cases the suspend state is explicitly not the reset state of a device.

If CONFIG_PM_DEVICE=n, state is not checked, instead it just calls the suspend action. If CONFIG_PM_DEVICE=y, then device has to be suspended, thus STATE_SUSPENDED or STATE_OFF are explicitly states from which the "reset state" can be safely entered. The only difference between STATE_SUSPENDED and STATE_OFF would be whether the hardware block lost power, and thus was implicitly reset.

JordanYates · 2025-05-29T12:09:30Z

As a concrete request, please document what the function is actually supposed to be doing beyond just @brief Deinit a device driver. It is easier to check that an intended behavior makes sense and that an implementation matches the intended behavior than to try and reason about how a particular implementation is supposed to fit into the larger device_deinit API based only on code.

include/zephyr/pm/device.h

aescolar · 2025-07-19T08:14:11Z

doc/releases/release-notes-4.2.rst

    * :kconfig:option:`CONFIG_PM_DEVICE_RUNTIME_DEDICATED_WQ_PRIO`
    * :kconfig:option:`CONFIG_PM_DEVICE_RUNTIME_DEDICATED_WQ_INIT_PRIO`
    * :kconfig:option:`CONFIG_PM_DEVICE_RUNTIME_ASYNC`
+    * :c:func:`pm_device_driver_deinit`


should this modify the 4.3 release notes? or is it meant as a backport?
(Feel free to disregard this review if all it needs is a backport label)

Its not meant to be backported :) Release notes will be updated

bjarki-andreasen · 2025-07-21T08:15:39Z

Rebased and moved mention of introduction of pm_device_driver_deinit from release notes 4.2 to 4.3

Addressed

bjarki-andreasen · 2025-07-23T09:34:59Z

ping @JordanYates @decsny

Rewrite the docstring for pm_device_driver_init() to align with documentation, especially covering the case where CONFIG_PM_DEVICE=n Signed-off-by: Bjarki Arge Andreasen <[email protected]>

Introduce pm_device_driver_deinit() which is required to fully support device_deinit(). This function shall be called by drivers when device_deinit() is called. If PM_DEVICE is enabled, it will simply check whether the device is either SUSPENDED or OFF, this will prevent device_deinit() on a device which is currently in use, and ensure the device is in the correct state if device_init() is called later. If PM_DEVICE is not enabled, it will invoke the SUSPEND action which mirrors the pm_device_driver_init() behavior. Note that TURN_OFF action is not called since the device is deinitialized after this call. Signed-off-by: Bjarki Arge Andreasen <[email protected]>

Extend test suite to cover pm_device_driver_deinit() resulting from call to device_deinit(). Signed-off-by: Bjarki Arge Andreasen <[email protected]>

- Specify "Device" Power Management Support in sections covering CONFIG_PM_DEVICE=y or n - Extend the enum pm_device_state docstrings to define and detail expectations of devices in each enum pm_device_state state. - Extend pm device driver code example with more concise comments and include pm_device_driver_init, pm_device_driver_deinit, and DEVICE_DT_INST_DEINIT_DEFINE() (device deinit feature) - Describe the device driver PM states used if PM_DEVICE is not enabled. - Note which states a device driver is initialized from and can be deinitialized in and why. Signed-off-by: Bjarki Arge Andreasen <[email protected]>

Mention introduction of pm_device_driver_deinit() in the 4.3 release notes. Signed-off-by: Bjarki Arge Andreasen <[email protected]>

bjarki-andreasen · 2025-07-28T18:29:55Z

Rebased again for release notes conflict

sonarqubecloud · 2025-07-28T18:33:18Z

Quality Gate passed

Issues
1 New issue
0 Accepted issues

Measures
0 Security Hotspots
0.0% Coverage on New Code
0.0% Duplication on New Code

See analysis details on SonarQube Cloud

bjarki-andreasen · 2025-07-29T15:33:30Z

Pretty much everyone has approved this at some point, but I keep to have to rebase due to merge conflicts in release notes, please help :D

ping @ceolin @JordanYates @fabiobaltieri

mathieuchopstm

Let's merge this before the next conflict 🙂

bjarki-andreasen requested review from JordanYates, ceolin, decsny and fabiobaltieri May 21, 2025 10:37

github-actions bot added the area: Power Management label May 21, 2025

github-actions bot requested review from nashif, teburd and tmleman May 21, 2025 10:37

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bjarki-andreasen force-pushed the pm-device-driver-deinit branch from 537633f to 4ea0b00 Compare May 21, 2025 10:54

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Add device init/de-init functionality #84394

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bjarki-andreasen dismissed ceolin’s stale review via a755e72 June 3, 2025 15:48

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bjarki-andreasen added 5 commits July 28, 2025 20:27

pm: device: extend pm_device_driver_init() description

8f13f5a

Rewrite the docstring for pm_device_driver_init() to align with documentation, especially covering the case where CONFIG_PM_DEVICE=n Signed-off-by: Bjarki Arge Andreasen <[email protected]>

tests: pm: device_driver_init: extend to support device_deinit()

5ab83db

Extend test suite to cover pm_device_driver_deinit() resulting from call to device_deinit(). Signed-off-by: Bjarki Arge Andreasen <[email protected]>

doc: releases: 4.3: mention pm_device_driver_deinit()

36158b4

Mention introduction of pm_device_driver_deinit() in the 4.3 release notes. Signed-off-by: Bjarki Arge Andreasen <[email protected]>

bjarki-andreasen dismissed stale reviews from ceolin and decsny via 36158b4 July 28, 2025 18:29

bjarki-andreasen force-pushed the pm-device-driver-deinit branch from 2814832 to 36158b4 Compare July 28, 2025 18:29

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cfriedt merged commit f27168f into zephyrproject-rtos:main Jul 30, 2025
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	* When a device is de-initialized, it will release any resources it has
	* acquired (e.g. pins, memory, clocks, DMA channels, etc.) and its status will
	* be left as in its reset state.
	*
	* @warning It is the responsibility of the caller to ensure that the device is
	* ready to be de-initialized.

Specify and document current PM_DEVICE behavior, including PM_DEVICE=n and device_deinit() #90275

Specify and document current PM_DEVICE behavior, including PM_DEVICE=n and device_deinit() #90275

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