ENH: Create a devcontainer.json env to work with VS Code in Containers #30614
Description
VS Code has a great feature where you can work on a repo fully within a Docker container, either on your computer (called Remote - Containers) or remotely on Azure hosted by them (called VS Code Online). This could be particularly useful for setting up a quick dev environment to work on the pandas codebase, and not have to manually go through the setup steps in the docs.
Per the VS Code docs (https://code.visualstudio.com/docs/remote/containers and https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/visualstudio/online/reference/configuring) you can create a .devcontainer.json file in the root of the repo that will contain everything needed to setup the environment, similar to the conda environment.yml file. You can also create a DockerFile inside a devcontainer folder to use with the devcontainer.json file.
I will try to put something together for this, figured I'd first start an issue here so that if anyone else is working on this we can collaborate and not duplicate our work.