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Minor documentation change that may be helpful to distinguish unreliable/unmeasurable.

VarianceMask = Invariant | Covariant | Contravariant | Independent, // Mask containing all measured variances without the unmeasurable flag
Unmeasurable = 1 << 3, // Variance result is unusable - relationship relies on structural comparisons which are not reflected in generic relationships
Unreliable = 1 << 4, // Variance result is unreliable - relationship relies on structural comparisons which are not reflected in generic relationships
Unreliable = 1 << 4, // Variance result is unreliable - checking may produce false negatives, but not false positives
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@fatcerberus fatcerberus Aug 22, 2019

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I thought it was the reverse: The variance check may cause a typecheck to pass (positive) where the structural check would fail (negative)

#32664 (comment)

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See #33020 and the associated issue for variance checks raising errors where a structural comparison would not.

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Hmm, I'm just confused because that seemingly contradicts the conversion I had with @weswigham (linked in my post above).

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In particular:

Unreliable is supposed to be "fallback to structural if varianced-based check fails"

Which sounds like it shouldn't be able to cause an error only based on the variance result.

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Also (I'm done after this I promise):

Only Unreliable rather than Unmeasurable since it should be that in any case where the variance result is wrong, it's because the variance is overstrict because we have more relaxed arity-based rules on the signature than tuples have.

Implying that any false negatives will be discarded in favor of the structural result.

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My reading:

The marker indicates that negative results are unreliable, therefore structural checks are used in the event of failure.

The positive results are assumed to be reliable such that false positives do not occur, even if in reality they can. There is no fallback in the event of success.

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I guess when I hear "false positive" I think of, e.g. a virus scanner reporting a virus where none exists; likewise the unreliable variance can produce a successful typecheck where the canonical one (structural) would fail. We thus seem to be seeing the "positive" and "negative" from opposite sides of the fence, hence the confusion 😄

Reverse polarity! ➕ <--> ➖

@weswigham weswigham merged commit ec39d41 into microsoft:master Aug 23, 2019
@jack-williams jack-williams deleted the docstring-for-unmeasurable-unreliable branch August 24, 2019 11:37
timsuchanek pushed a commit to timsuchanek/TypeScript that referenced this pull request Sep 11, 2019
@microsoft microsoft locked as resolved and limited conversation to collaborators Oct 21, 2025
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3 participants