Rollup merge of #90430 - jkugelman:must-use-std-a-through-n, r=joshtriplett

Add #[must_use] to remaining std functions (A-N)

I've run out of compelling reasons to group functions together across crates so I'm just going to go module-by-module. This is half of the remaining items from the `std` crate, from A-N.

I added these functions myself. Clippy predictably ignored the `mut` ones, but I don't know why the rest weren't flagged. Check them closely, please? Maybe I overlooked good reasons.

```rust
std::backtrace::Backtrace                                   const fn disabled() -> Backtrace;
std::backtrace::Backtrace<'a>                               fn frames(&'a self) -> &'a [BacktraceFrame];
std::collections::hash_map::RawOccupiedEntryMut<'a, K, V>   fn key_mut(&mut self) -> &mut K;
std::collections::hash_map::RawOccupiedEntryMut<'a, K, V>   fn get_mut(&mut self) -> &mut V;
std::collections::hash_map::RawOccupiedEntryMut<'a, K, V>   fn get_key_value(&mut self) -> (&K, &V);
std::collections::hash_map::RawOccupiedEntryMut<'a, K, V>   fn get_key_value_mut(&mut self) -> (&mut K, &mut V);
std::env                                                    fn var_os<K: AsRef<OsStr>>(key: K) -> Option<OsString>;
std::env                                                    fn split_paths<T: AsRef<OsStr> + ?Sized>(unparsed: &T) -> SplitPaths<'_>;
std::io::Error                                              fn get_mut(&mut self) -> Option<&mut (dyn error::Error + Send + Sync + 'static)>;
```

Parent issue: #89692

r? `@joshtriplett`

Author: matthiaskrgr

library/std/src/backtrace.rs

@@ -110,6 +110,7 @@ use crate::vec::Vec;
 /// previous point in time. In some instances the `Backtrace` type may
 /// internally be empty due to configuration. For more information see
 /// `Backtrace::capture`.
+#[must_use]
 pub struct Backtrace {
     inner: Inner,
 }
@@ -355,6 +356,7 @@ impl Backtrace {
     /// Returns the status of this backtrace, indicating whether this backtrace
     /// request was unsupported, disabled, or a stack trace was actually
     /// captured.
+    #[must_use]
     pub fn status(&self) -> BacktraceStatus {
         match self.inner {
             Inner::Unsupported => BacktraceStatus::Unsupported,
@@ -366,6 +368,7 @@ impl Backtrace {
 
 impl<'a> Backtrace {
     /// Returns an iterator over the backtrace frames.
+    #[must_use]
     #[unstable(feature = "backtrace_frames", issue = "79676")]
     pub fn frames(&'a self) -> &'a [BacktraceFrame] {
         if let Inner::Captured(c) = &self.inner { &c.force().frames } else { &[] }

library/std/src/collections/hash/map.rs

@@ -1707,13 +1707,15 @@ impl<'a, K, V, S> RawEntryMut<'a, K, V, S> {
 impl<'a, K, V, S> RawOccupiedEntryMut<'a, K, V, S> {
     /// Gets a reference to the key in the entry.
     #[inline]
+    #[must_use]
     #[unstable(feature = "hash_raw_entry", issue = "56167")]
     pub fn key(&self) -> &K {
         self.base.key()
     }
 
     /// Gets a mutable reference to the key in the entry.
     #[inline]
+    #[must_use]
     #[unstable(feature = "hash_raw_entry", issue = "56167")]
     pub fn key_mut(&mut self) -> &mut K {
         self.base.key_mut()
@@ -1730,6 +1732,7 @@ impl<'a, K, V, S> RawOccupiedEntryMut<'a, K, V, S> {
 
     /// Gets a reference to the value in the entry.
     #[inline]
+    #[must_use]
     #[unstable(feature = "hash_raw_entry", issue = "56167")]
     pub fn get(&self) -> &V {
         self.base.get()
@@ -1746,13 +1749,15 @@ impl<'a, K, V, S> RawOccupiedEntryMut<'a, K, V, S> {
 
     /// Gets a mutable reference to the value in the entry.
     #[inline]
+    #[must_use]
     #[unstable(feature = "hash_raw_entry", issue = "56167")]
     pub fn get_mut(&mut self) -> &mut V {
         self.base.get_mut()
     }
 
     /// Gets a reference to the key and value in the entry.
     #[inline]
+    #[must_use]
     #[unstable(feature = "hash_raw_entry", issue = "56167")]
     pub fn get_key_value(&mut self) -> (&K, &V) {
         self.base.get_key_value()

library/std/src/env.rs

@@ -113,6 +113,7 @@ pub struct VarsOs {
 /// ```
 ///
 /// [`env::vars_os()`]: vars_os
+#[must_use]
 #[stable(feature = "env", since = "1.0.0")]
 pub fn vars() -> Vars {
     Vars { inner: vars_os() }
@@ -140,6 +141,7 @@ pub fn vars() -> Vars {
 ///     println!("{:?}: {:?}", key, value);
 /// }
 /// ```
+#[must_use]
 #[stable(feature = "env", since = "1.0.0")]
 pub fn vars_os() -> VarsOs {
     VarsOs { inner: os_imp::env() }
@@ -244,6 +246,7 @@ fn _var(key: &OsStr) -> Result<String, VarError> {
 ///     None => println!("{} is not defined in the environment.", key)
 /// }
 /// ```
+#[must_use]
 #[stable(feature = "env", since = "1.0.0")]
 pub fn var_os<K: AsRef<OsStr>>(key: K) -> Option<OsString> {
     _var_os(key.as_ref())
@@ -384,6 +387,7 @@ fn _remove_var(key: &OsStr) {
 /// documentation for more.
 ///
 /// [`env::split_paths()`]: split_paths
+#[must_use = "iterators are lazy and do nothing unless consumed"]
 #[stable(feature = "env", since = "1.0.0")]
 pub struct SplitPaths<'a> {
     inner: os_imp::SplitPaths<'a>,
@@ -564,6 +568,7 @@ impl Error for JoinPathsError {
     reason = "This function's behavior is unexpected and probably not what you want. \
               Consider using a crate from crates.io instead."
 )]
+#[must_use]
 #[stable(feature = "env", since = "1.0.0")]
 pub fn home_dir() -> Option<PathBuf> {
     os_imp::home_dir()
@@ -603,6 +608,7 @@ pub fn home_dir() -> Option<PathBuf> {
 ///     println!("Temporary directory: {}", dir.display());
 /// }
 /// ```
+#[must_use]
 #[stable(feature = "env", since = "1.0.0")]
 pub fn temp_dir() -> PathBuf {
     os_imp::temp_dir()
@@ -690,6 +696,7 @@ pub fn current_exe() -> io::Result<PathBuf> {
 /// should not be relied upon for security purposes.
 ///
 /// [`env::args()`]: args
+#[must_use = "iterators are lazy and do nothing unless consumed"]
 #[stable(feature = "env", since = "1.0.0")]
 pub struct Args {
     inner: ArgsOs,
@@ -706,6 +713,7 @@ pub struct Args {
 /// should not be relied upon for security purposes.
 ///
 /// [`env::args_os()`]: args_os
+#[must_use = "iterators are lazy and do nothing unless consumed"]
 #[stable(feature = "env", since = "1.0.0")]
 pub struct ArgsOs {
     inner: sys::args::Args,

library/std/src/ffi/c_str.rs

@@ -1009,6 +1009,7 @@ impl NulError {
     /// let nul_error = CString::new("foo bar\0").unwrap_err();
     /// assert_eq!(nul_error.nul_position(), 7);
     /// ```
+    #[must_use]
     #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
     pub fn nul_position(&self) -> usize {
         self.0
@@ -1107,6 +1108,7 @@ impl IntoStringError {
     }
 
     /// Access the underlying UTF-8 error that was the cause of this error.
+    #[must_use]
     #[stable(feature = "cstring_into", since = "1.7.0")]
     pub fn utf8_error(&self) -> Utf8Error {
         self.error
@@ -1456,6 +1458,7 @@ impl CStr {
     /// let boxed = c_string.into_boxed_c_str();
     /// assert_eq!(boxed.into_c_string(), CString::new("foo").expect("CString::new failed"));
     /// ```
+    #[must_use = "`self` will be dropped if the result is not used"]
     #[stable(feature = "into_boxed_c_str", since = "1.20.0")]
     pub fn into_c_string(self: Box<CStr>) -> CString {
         let raw = Box::into_raw(self) as *mut [u8];

library/std/src/ffi/os_str.rs

@@ -239,6 +239,7 @@ impl OsString {
     /// assert!(os_string.capacity() >= 10);
     /// ```
     #[stable(feature = "osstring_simple_functions", since = "1.9.0")]
+    #[must_use]
     #[inline]
     pub fn capacity(&self) -> usize {
         self.inner.capacity()
@@ -709,6 +710,7 @@ impl OsStr {
 
     /// Converts a <code>[Box]<[OsStr]></code> into an [`OsString`] without copying or allocating.
     #[stable(feature = "into_boxed_os_str", since = "1.20.0")]
+    #[must_use = "`self` will be dropped if the result is not used"]
     pub fn into_os_string(self: Box<OsStr>) -> OsString {
         let boxed = unsafe { Box::from_raw(Box::into_raw(self) as *mut Slice) };
         OsString { inner: Buf::from_box(boxed) }

library/std/src/fs.rs

@@ -374,6 +374,7 @@ impl File {
     ///     Ok(())
     /// }
     /// ```
+    #[must_use]
     #[unstable(feature = "with_options", issue = "65439")]
     pub fn with_options() -> OpenOptions {
         OpenOptions::new()
@@ -983,6 +984,7 @@ impl Metadata {
     ///     Ok(())
     /// }
     /// ```
+    #[must_use]
     #[stable(feature = "file_type", since = "1.1.0")]
     pub fn file_type(&self) -> FileType {
         FileType(self.0.file_type())
@@ -1100,6 +1102,7 @@ impl Metadata {
     ///     Ok(())
     /// }
     /// ```
+    #[must_use]
     #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
     pub fn permissions(&self) -> Permissions {
         Permissions(self.0.perm())
@@ -1247,6 +1250,7 @@ impl Permissions {
     ///     Ok(())
     /// }
     /// ```
+    #[must_use = "call `set_readonly` to modify the readonly flag"]
     #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
     pub fn readonly(&self) -> bool {
         self.0.readonly()
@@ -1441,6 +1445,7 @@ impl DirEntry {
     /// ```
     ///
     /// The exact text, of course, depends on what files you have in `.`.
+    #[must_use]
     #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
     pub fn path(&self) -> PathBuf {
         self.0.path()
@@ -1536,6 +1541,7 @@ impl DirEntry {
     ///     }
     /// }
     /// ```
+    #[must_use]
     #[stable(feature = "dir_entry_ext", since = "1.1.0")]
     pub fn file_name(&self) -> OsString {
         self.0.file_name()

library/std/src/io/error.rs

@@ -442,6 +442,7 @@ impl Error {
     /// println!("last OS error: {:?}", Error::last_os_error());
     /// ```
     #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
+    #[must_use]
     #[inline]
     pub fn last_os_error() -> Error {
         Error::from_raw_os_error(sys::os::errno() as i32)
@@ -509,6 +510,7 @@ impl Error {
     /// }
     /// ```
     #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
+    #[must_use]
     #[inline]
     pub fn raw_os_error(&self) -> Option<i32> {
         match self.repr {
@@ -547,6 +549,7 @@ impl Error {
     /// }
     /// ```
     #[stable(feature = "io_error_inner", since = "1.3.0")]
+    #[must_use]
     #[inline]
     pub fn get_ref(&self) -> Option<&(dyn error::Error + Send + Sync + 'static)> {
         match self.repr {
@@ -620,6 +623,7 @@ impl Error {
     /// }
     /// ```
     #[stable(feature = "io_error_inner", since = "1.3.0")]
+    #[must_use]
     #[inline]
     pub fn get_mut(&mut self) -> Option<&mut (dyn error::Error + Send + Sync + 'static)> {
         match self.repr {
@@ -688,6 +692,7 @@ impl Error {
     /// }
     /// ```
     #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
+    #[must_use]
     #[inline]
     pub fn kind(&self) -> ErrorKind {
         match self.repr {

library/std/src/io/mod.rs

@@ -1308,6 +1308,7 @@ pub struct Initializer(bool);
 impl Initializer {
     /// Returns a new `Initializer` which will zero out buffers.
     #[unstable(feature = "read_initializer", issue = "42788")]
+    #[must_use]
     #[inline]
     pub fn zeroing() -> Initializer {
         Initializer(true)
@@ -1322,13 +1323,15 @@ impl Initializer {
     /// the method accurately reflects the number of bytes that have been
     /// written to the head of the buffer.
     #[unstable(feature = "read_initializer", issue = "42788")]
+    #[must_use]
     #[inline]
     pub unsafe fn nop() -> Initializer {
         Initializer(false)
     }
 
     /// Indicates if a buffer should be initialized.
     #[unstable(feature = "read_initializer", issue = "42788")]
+    #[must_use]
     #[inline]
     pub fn should_initialize(&self) -> bool {
         self.0

library/std/src/io/stdio.rs

@@ -301,6 +301,7 @@ pub struct StdinLock<'a> {
 ///     Ok(())
 /// }
 /// ```
+#[must_use]
 #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
 pub fn stdin() -> Stdin {
     static INSTANCE: SyncOnceCell<Mutex<BufReader<StdinRaw>>> = SyncOnceCell::new();
@@ -674,6 +675,7 @@ static STDOUT: SyncOnceCell<ReentrantMutex<RefCell<LineWriter<StdoutRaw>>>> = Sy
 ///     Ok(())
 /// }
 /// ```
+#[must_use]
 #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
 pub fn stdout() -> Stdout {
     Stdout {
@@ -954,6 +956,7 @@ pub struct StderrLock<'a> {
 ///     Ok(())
 /// }
 /// ```
+#[must_use]
 #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
 pub fn stderr() -> Stderr {
     // Note that unlike `stdout()` we don't use `at_exit` here to register a

library/std/src/io/util.rs

@@ -32,6 +32,7 @@ pub struct Empty;
 /// io::empty().read_to_string(&mut buffer).unwrap();
 /// assert!(buffer.is_empty());
 /// ```
+#[must_use]
 #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
 #[rustc_const_unstable(feature = "const_io_structs", issue = "78812")]
 pub const fn empty() -> Empty {
@@ -112,6 +113,7 @@ pub struct Repeat {
 /// io::repeat(0b101).read_exact(&mut buffer).unwrap();
 /// assert_eq!(buffer, [0b101, 0b101, 0b101]);
 /// ```
+#[must_use]
 #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
 #[rustc_const_unstable(feature = "const_io_structs", issue = "78812")]
 pub const fn repeat(byte: u8) -> Repeat {
@@ -192,6 +194,7 @@ pub struct Sink;
 /// let num_bytes = io::sink().write(&buffer).unwrap();
 /// assert_eq!(num_bytes, 5);
 /// ```
+#[must_use]
 #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
 #[rustc_const_unstable(feature = "const_io_structs", issue = "78812")]
 pub const fn sink() -> Sink {