bpo-40116: Add insertion order bit-vector to dict values to allow dicts to share keys more freely.

Include/cpython/dictobject.h

@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
 #endif
 
 typedef struct _dictkeysobject PyDictKeysObject;
+typedef struct _dictvalues PyDictValues;
 
 /* The ma_values pointer is NULL for a combined table
  * or points to an array of PyObject* for a split table
@@ -24,7 +25,7 @@ typedef struct {
 
        If ma_values is not NULL, the table is splitted:
        keys are stored in ma_keys and values are stored in ma_values */
-    PyObject **ma_values;
+    PyDictValues *ma_values;
 } PyDictObject;
 
 PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject *) _PyDict_GetItem_KnownHash(PyObject *mp, PyObject *key,

Include/internal/pycore_dict.h

@@ -71,6 +71,14 @@ struct _dictkeysobject {
        see the DK_ENTRIES() macro */
 };
 
+/* This must be no more than 16, for the order vector to fit in 64 bits */
+#define SHARED_KEYS_MAX_SIZE 16
+
+struct _dictvalues {
+    uint64_t mv_order;
+    PyObject *values[1];
+};
+
 #define DK_LOG_SIZE(dk)  ((dk)->dk_log2_size)
 #if SIZEOF_VOID_P > 4
 #define DK_SIZE(dk)      (((int64_t)1)<<DK_LOG_SIZE(dk))

Lib/test/test_dict.py

@@ -1020,7 +1020,6 @@ def test_splittable_del(self):
         with self.assertRaises(KeyError):
             del a['y']
 
-        self.assertGreater(sys.getsizeof(a), orig_size)
         self.assertEqual(list(a), ['x', 'z'])
         self.assertEqual(list(b), ['x', 'y', 'z'])
 
@@ -1031,16 +1030,12 @@ def test_splittable_del(self):
 
     @support.cpython_only
     def test_splittable_pop(self):
-        """split table must be combined when d.pop(k)"""
         a, b = self.make_shared_key_dict(2)
 
-        orig_size = sys.getsizeof(a)
-
-        a.pop('y')  # split table is combined
+        a.pop('y')
         with self.assertRaises(KeyError):
             a.pop('y')
 
-        self.assertGreater(sys.getsizeof(a), orig_size)
         self.assertEqual(list(a), ['x', 'z'])
         self.assertEqual(list(b), ['x', 'y', 'z'])
 
@@ -1074,36 +1069,6 @@ def test_splittable_popitem(self):
         self.assertEqual(list(a), ['x', 'y'])
         self.assertEqual(list(b), ['x', 'y', 'z'])
 
-    @support.cpython_only
-    def test_splittable_setattr_after_pop(self):
-        """setattr() must not convert combined table into split table."""
-        # Issue 28147
-        import _testcapi
-
-        class C:
-            pass
-        a = C()
-
-        a.a = 1
-        self.assertTrue(_testcapi.dict_hassplittable(a.__dict__))
-
-        # dict.pop() convert it to combined table
-        a.__dict__.pop('a')
-        self.assertFalse(_testcapi.dict_hassplittable(a.__dict__))
-
-        # But C should not convert a.__dict__ to split table again.
-        a.a = 1
-        self.assertFalse(_testcapi.dict_hassplittable(a.__dict__))
-
-        # Same for popitem()
-        a = C()
-        a.a = 2
-        self.assertTrue(_testcapi.dict_hassplittable(a.__dict__))
-        a.__dict__.popitem()
-        self.assertFalse(_testcapi.dict_hassplittable(a.__dict__))
-        a.a = 3
-        self.assertFalse(_testcapi.dict_hassplittable(a.__dict__))
-
     def test_iterator_pickling(self):
         for proto in range(pickle.HIGHEST_PROTOCOL + 1):
             data = {1:"a", 2:"b", 3:"c"}

Misc/NEWS.d/next/Core and Builtins/2021-09-23-14-00-05.bpo-40116.KaoeFs.rst

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+Change to the implementation of split dictionaries. Classes where the
+instances differ either in the exact set of attributes, or in the order in
+which those attributes are set, can still share keys. This should have no
+observable effect on users of Python or the C-API. Patch by Mark Shannon.

Modules/_testcapimodule.c

@@ -334,19 +334,6 @@ dict_getitem_knownhash(PyObject *self, PyObject *args)
     return result;
 }
 
-static PyObject*
-dict_hassplittable(PyObject *self, PyObject *arg)
-{
-    if (!PyDict_Check(arg)) {
-        PyErr_Format(PyExc_TypeError,
-                     "dict_hassplittable() argument must be dict, not '%s'",
-                     Py_TYPE(arg)->tp_name);
-        return NULL;
-    }
-
-    return PyBool_FromLong(_PyDict_HasSplitTable((PyDictObject*)arg));
-}
-
 /* Issue #4701: Check that PyObject_Hash implicitly calls
  *   PyType_Ready if it hasn't already been called
  */
@@ -5680,7 +5667,6 @@ static PyMethodDef TestMethods[] = {
     {"test_list_api",           test_list_api,                   METH_NOARGS},
     {"test_dict_iteration",     test_dict_iteration,             METH_NOARGS},
     {"dict_getitem_knownhash",  dict_getitem_knownhash,          METH_VARARGS},
-    {"dict_hassplittable",      dict_hassplittable,              METH_O},
     {"test_lazy_hash_inheritance",      test_lazy_hash_inheritance,METH_NOARGS},
     {"test_long_api",           test_long_api,                   METH_NOARGS},
     {"test_xincref_doesnt_leak",test_xincref_doesnt_leak,        METH_NOARGS},