gh-133778: Fix setting __annotations__ under PEP 563

[JelleZijlstra]

• Issue: assigning to __annotations__ has no effect in 3.14.0b1 under from __future__ import annotations #133778

[miss-islington-app]

Thanks @JelleZijlstra for the PR 🌮🎉.. I'm working now to backport this PR to: 3.14.
🐍🍒⛏🤖

[bedevere-app]

GH-134655 is a backport of this pull request to the 3.14 branch.

[bedevere-bot]

⚠️⚠️⚠️ Buildbot failure ⚠️⚠️⚠️

Hi! The buildbot AMD64 RHEL8 FIPS Only Blake2 Builtin Hash 3.x (no tier) has failed when building commit 4443110.

What do you need to do:

1. Don't panic.
2. Check the buildbot page in the devguide if you don't know what the buildbots are or how they work.
3. Go to the page of the buildbot that failed (https://buildbot.python.org/#/builders/469/builds/11204) and take a look at the build logs.
4. Check if the failure is related to this commit (4443110) or if it is a false positive.
5. If the failure is related to this commit, please, reflect that on the issue and make a new Pull Request with a fix.

You can take a look at the buildbot page here:

https://buildbot.python.org/#/builders/469/builds/11204

Failed tests:

• test_urllib2net

Summary of the results of the build (if available):

==

Click to see traceback logs

remote: Enumerating objects: 35, done.        
remote: Counting objects:   2% (1/35)        
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remote: Counting objects: 100% (35/35)        
remote: Counting objects: 100% (35/35), done.        
remote: Compressing objects:   5% (1/17)        
remote: Compressing objects:  11% (2/17)        
remote: Compressing objects:  17% (3/17)        
remote: Compressing objects:  23% (4/17)        
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remote: Compressing objects: 100% (17/17)        
remote: Compressing objects: 100% (17/17), done.        
remote: Total 23 (delta 18), reused 10 (delta 6), pack-reused 0 (from 0)        
From https://github.com/python/cpython
 * branch                    main       -> FETCH_HEAD
Note: switching to '4443110c3409ecba9f0fd49495d039030cb7ed58'.

You are in 'detached HEAD' state. You can look around, make experimental
changes and commit them, and you can discard any commits you make in this
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do so (now or later) by using -c with the switch command. Example:

  git switch -c <new-branch-name>

Or undo this operation with:

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Turn off this advice by setting config variable advice.detachedHead to false

HEAD is now at 4443110c340 gh-133778: Fix setting `__annotations__` under PEP 563 (#133794)
Switched to and reset branch 'main'

configure: WARNING: no system libmpdecimal found; falling back to bundled libmpdecimal (deprecated and scheduled for removal in Python 3.15)

make: *** [Makefile:2451: buildbottest] Error 2