BUG: Cannot sample on DataFrameGroupBy with weights when index is specified

[wjsi]

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• I have confirmed this bug exists on the latest version of pandas.

• (optional) I have confirmed this bug exists on the master branch of pandas.

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Code Sample, a copy-pastable example

import pandas as pd
df1 = pd.DataFrame({'a': [3, 5, 2, 7, 1, 2, 4, 6, 2, 4],
                    'b': [8, 3, 4, 1, 8, 2, 2, 2, 2, 3],
                    'c': [1, 8, 8, 5, 3, 5, 0, 0, 5, 4],
                    'd': [9, 7, 6, 3, 6, 3, 2, 1, 5, 8]}, index=list(range(10, 20)))
df1.groupby('c').sample(1, weights=df1['d'].to_numpy())

Problem description

Sampling ought to work but exception is reported with error stack below:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/Users/wenjun/miniconda3/lib/python3.8/site-packages/IPython/core/interactiveshell.py", line 3417, in run_code
    exec(code_obj, self.user_global_ns, self.user_ns)
  File "<ipython-input-4-1fc31a504740>", line 1, in <module>
    df1.groupby('c').sample(1, weights=df1['d'].to_numpy())
  File "/Users/wenjun/miniconda3/lib/python3.8/site-packages/pandas/core/groupby/groupby.py", line 3024, in sample
    ws = [weights[idx] for idx in self.indices.values()]
  File "/Users/wenjun/miniconda3/lib/python3.8/site-packages/pandas/core/groupby/groupby.py", line 3024, in <listcomp>
    ws = [weights[idx] for idx in self.indices.values()]
  File "/Users/wenjun/miniconda3/lib/python3.8/site-packages/pandas/core/series.py", line 875, in __getitem__
    return self._get_with(key)
  File "/Users/wenjun/miniconda3/lib/python3.8/site-packages/pandas/core/series.py", line 910, in _get_with
    return self.loc[key]
  File "/Users/wenjun/miniconda3/lib/python3.8/site-packages/pandas/core/indexing.py", line 895, in __getitem__
    return self._getitem_axis(maybe_callable, axis=axis)
  File "/Users/wenjun/miniconda3/lib/python3.8/site-packages/pandas/core/indexing.py", line 1113, in _getitem_axis
    return self._getitem_iterable(key, axis=axis)
  File "/Users/wenjun/miniconda3/lib/python3.8/site-packages/pandas/core/indexing.py", line 1053, in _getitem_iterable
    keyarr, indexer = self._get_listlike_indexer(key, axis, raise_missing=False)
  File "/Users/wenjun/miniconda3/lib/python3.8/site-packages/pandas/core/indexing.py", line 1266, in _get_listlike_indexer
    self._validate_read_indexer(keyarr, indexer, axis, raise_missing=raise_missing)
  File "/Users/wenjun/miniconda3/lib/python3.8/site-packages/pandas/core/indexing.py", line 1308, in _validate_read_indexer
    raise KeyError(f"None of [{key}] are in the [{axis_name}]")
KeyError: "None of [Int64Index([6, 7], dtype='int64')] are in the [index]"

Output of pd.show_versions()

INSTALLED VERSIONS

commit : 7d32926
python : 3.8.5.final.0
python-bits : 64
OS : Darwin
OS-release : 19.6.0
Version : Darwin Kernel Version 19.6.0: Tue Jan 12 22:13:05 PST 2021; root:xnu-6153.141.16~1/RELEASE_X86_64
machine : x86_64
processor : i386
byteorder : little
LC_ALL : None
LANG : None
LOCALE : zh_CN.UTF-8
pandas : 1.2.2
numpy : 1.19.1
pytz : 2021.1
dateutil : 2.8.1
pip : 20.2.2
setuptools : 49.6.0.post20200814
Cython : 0.29.21
pytest : 6.0.1
hypothesis : None
sphinx : 3.2.1
blosc : None
feather : None
xlsxwriter : None
lxml.etree : None
html5lib : None
pymysql : None
psycopg2 : None
jinja2 : 2.11.2
IPython : 7.17.0
pandas_datareader: None
bs4 : None
bottleneck : None
fsspec : None
fastparquet : 0.4.2
gcsfs : None
matplotlib : 3.2.2
numexpr : 2.7.1
odfpy : None
openpyxl : None
pandas_gbq : None
pyarrow : 1.0.1
pyxlsb : None
s3fs : None
scipy : 1.6.0
sqlalchemy : 1.3.18
tables : None
tabulate : None
xarray : None
xlrd : None
xlwt : None
numba : 0.51.2