json_normalize throws TypeError with array of values and record_prefix

[vuminhle]

Code Sample, a copy-pastable example if possible

from pandas.io.json import json_normalize

df = json_normalize({'A': [1, 2]}, 'A', record_prefix='Prefix.')
print(df)

Problem description

The above code throws a TypeError:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "c:\Users\levu\Desktop\tmp\json_normalize\main.py", line 3, in <module>
    df = json_normalize({'A': [1, 2]}, 'A', record_prefix='Prefix.')
  File "C:\Python36\lib\site-packages\pandas\io\json\normalize.py", line 262, in json_normalize
    result.rename(columns=lambda x: record_prefix + x, inplace=True)
  File "C:\Python36\lib\site-packages\pandas\util\_decorators.py", line 187, in wrapper
    return func(*args, **kwargs)
  File "C:\Python36\lib\site-packages\pandas\core\frame.py", line 3781, in rename
    return super(DataFrame, self).rename(**kwargs)
  File "C:\Python36\lib\site-packages\pandas\core\generic.py", line 973, in rename
    level=level)
  File "C:\Python36\lib\site-packages\pandas\core\internals.py", line 3340, in rename_axis
    obj.set_axis(axis, _transform_index(self.axes[axis], mapper, level))
  File "C:\Python36\lib\site-packages\pandas\core\internals.py", line 5298, in _transform_index
    items = [func(x) for x in index]
  File "C:\Python36\lib\site-packages\pandas\core\internals.py", line 5298, in <listcomp>
    items = [func(x) for x in index]
  File "C:\Python36\lib\site-packages\pandas\io\json\normalize.py", line 262, in <lambda>
    result.rename(columns=lambda x: record_prefix + x, inplace=True)
TypeError: must be str, not int

I think line 262 in normalize.py should be:

result.rename(columns=lambda x: "{p}{c}".format(p=record_prefix,c=x), inplace=True)

because x can be integer.

Expected Output

	Prefix.0
0	1
1	2

Output of pd.show_versions()

INSTALLED VERSIONS

commit: None
python: 3.6.4.final.0
python-bits: 64
OS: Windows
OS-release: 10
machine: AMD64
processor: Intel64 Family 6 Model 62 Stepping 4, GenuineIntel
byteorder: little
LC_ALL: None
LANG: None
LOCALE: None.None

pandas: 0.23.1
pytest: 3.6.1
pip: 10.0.1
setuptools: 28.8.0
Cython: None
numpy: 1.14.2
scipy: None
pyarrow: None
xarray: None
IPython: 6.3.1
sphinx: None
patsy: None
dateutil: 2.7.2
pytz: 2018.4
blosc: None
bottleneck: None
tables: None
numexpr: None
feather: None
matplotlib: None
openpyxl: None
xlrd: None
xlwt: None
xlsxwriter: None
lxml: None
bs4: 4.6.0
html5lib: 1.0.1
sqlalchemy: None
pymysql: None
psycopg2: None
jinja2: 2.10
s3fs: None
fastparquet: None
pandas_gbq: None
pandas_datareader: None

[gfyoung]

That indeed looks suspicious! PR to patch is welcome!

cc @WillAyd

[gfyoung]

@vuminhle : Marking this for 0.23.2, as @vuminhle has already identified a potential fix, which we can easily check and patch if this actually works if no one picks this up.