WIP: start of document on BrainVoyager formats

doc/source/devel/bv_formats.rst

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+#########################
+BrainVoyager file formats
+#########################
+
+With notes on nibabel support.
+
+PR for some BrainVoyager support at https://github.com/nipy/nibabel/pull/216.
+
+********
+Overview
+********
+
+See :
+* All files are little-endian byte order regardless of byte-order on the
+  machine writing the data;
+* BV apparently provides a "BVQXtools" library for reading writing BV files in
+  MATLAB;
+
+.. _bv-internal-axes:
+
+***********************
+BV internal format axes
+***********************
+
+BV files have a internal format that has axes named `X`, `Y` and `Z`.  Quoting
+from the `VMR format definition`_::
+
+    BV X front -> back = Y in Tal space
+    BV Y top -> bottom = Z in Tal space
+    BV Z left -> right = X in Tal space
+
+Put another way |--| the correspondence of BV XYZ to Talairach axes is:
+
+* BV X corresponds to Anterior to Posterior;
+* BV Y corresponds to Superior to Inferior;
+* BV Z corresponds to Left to Right.
+
+or:
+
+* BV X -> Talairach -Y;
+* BV Y -> Talairach -Z;
+* BV Z -> Talairach  X;
+
+Nice!
+
+*****************
+Types of BV files
+*****************
+
+There appear to be 38 BV file types at the time of writing of which 18 appear
+to have a page of description on the `BV file format index page`_.
+
+Here are some examples of BV formats:
+
+* FMR |--| "FMR project files are simple text files containing the information
+  defining a functional project created from raw MRI data".  This text file
+  contains meta-data about the functional time course data, stored in one or
+  more STC files.  See the `FMR format definition`_.
+* STC |--| "A STC file (STC = "slice time course") contains the functional
+  data (time series) of a FMR project."  The time-course data of a 4D
+  ("single-slice") format STC file are stored on disk in
+  fastest-to-slowest-changing order: columns, rows, time, slice.  STC files
+  can also contain the data for one single slice ("multi-slice format"), in
+  which case the data are in fast-to-slow order: columns, rows, time.  This is
+  a raw data file where the relevant meta-data such as image size come from an
+  associated FMR format file. See `STC format definition`_;
+* VTC |--| "A VTC file contains the functional data (time series) of one
+  experimental run (one functional scan) in the space of a 3D anatomical data
+  set (VMR), e.g. in Talairach space.".  See `VTC format definition`_;
+  This is a different format to the STC (raw data in native-space) format.
+  The file is a header followed by ints or floats in
+  fastest-to-slowest-changing order of: time; BV X; BV Y; BV Z; where BV X, BV
+  Y, BV Z refer to the :ref:`bv-internal-axes`, and therefore Talairach -Y,
+  -Z, X.
+* NR-VMP |--| "A native resolution volume map (NR-VMP) file contains
+  statistical results in 3D format.". See `NR-VMP format definition`_
+* AR-VMP |--| "An anatomical-resolution VMP (volume map) file contains
+  statistical results in 3D format." at anatomical scan resolution.  See `AR-VMP format definition`_;
+* VMR |--| 'high-resolution anatomical MR' - see `VMR format definition`_.
+* MSK |--| mask file.  Only documentation appears to be
+  http://www.brainvoyager.com/ubb/Forum8/HTML/000087.html
+* SMP |--| 'surface map'.  See `SMP format definition`_. Contains one or more
+  "maps", where a map is a ``NrOfVertices`` (number of vertices) length vector
+  of float64 values.
+
+.. _BV file format index page: http://support.brainvoyager.com/automation-aamp-development/23-file-formats.html
+.. _AR-VMP format definition: http://support.brainvoyager.com/automation-aamp-development/23-file-formats/376-users-guide-23-the-format-of-ar-vmp-files.html
+.. _NR-VMP format definition: http://support.brainvoyager.com/automation-aamp-development/23-file-formats/377-users-guide-23-the-format-of-nr-vmp-files.html
+.. _VTC format definition: http://support.brainvoyager.com/automation-aamp-development/23-file-formats/379-users-guide-23-the-format-of-vtc-files.html.
+.. _BV file format overview: http://support.brainvoyager.com/automation-aamp-development/23-file-formats/382-developer-guide-26-file-formats-overview.html
+.. _STC format definition: http://support.brainvoyager.com/automation-aamp-development/23-file-formats/384-developer-guide-26-the-format-of-stc-files.html
+.. _vmr format definition: http://support.brainvoyager.com/automation-aamp-development/23-file-formats/385-developer-guide-26-the-format-of-vmr-files.html
+.. _SMP format definition: : http://support.brainvoyager.com/automation-aamp-development/23-file-formats/476-the-format-of-smp-files.html.
+
+.. include:: ../links_names.txt