[webgpu] And int64 to cast (#25610)

This pull request extends the WebGPU execution provider to support int64
data type casting in the `Cast` operator, with conditional support based
on whether graph capture is enabled. It refactors kernel registration to
allow toggling int64 support and updates the shader code and kernel
logic to handle int64 tensors efficiently.

It's part of the work to enable graph capture in phi4
#25868

Author: qjia7

onnxruntime/core/providers/webgpu/shader_variable.cc

@@ -378,7 +378,7 @@ std::string ShaderVariableHelper::SetByOffsetImpl(std::string_view offset, std::
       ORT_THROW("Invalid type");
       break;
     case onnxruntime::webgpu::ProgramVariableDataType::Int64:
-      ss << name_ << "[" << offset << "]=vec2<u32>(u32(" << value << "), select(0u, 0xFFFFFFFFu, " << value << " < 0));";
+      ss << name_ << "[" << offset << "]=vec2<u32>(u32(" << value << "), select(0u, 0xFFFFFFFFu, i32(" << value << ") < 0));";
       break;
     case onnxruntime::webgpu::ProgramVariableDataType::Uint64:
       ss << name_ << "[" << offset << "]=vec2<u32>(u32(" << value << "), 0u);";

onnxruntime/core/providers/webgpu/tensor/cast.cc

@@ -11,88 +11,47 @@ namespace onnxruntime {
 namespace webgpu {
 
 namespace {
-const std::vector<MLDataType>& CastOpTypeConstraints() {
-  // currently support boolean, integer and float types that explicitly allowed in WGSL:
+const std::vector<MLDataType>& CastOpTypeConstraints(bool enable_graph_capture) {
+  // Base types that are always supported - boolean, integer and float types that explicitly allowed in WGSL:
   // https://gpuweb.github.io/gpuweb/wgsl/#plain-types-section
-  //
-  static std::vector<MLDataType> types{
+  static std::vector<MLDataType> base_types{
       DataTypeImpl::GetTensorType<MLFloat16>(),
       DataTypeImpl::GetTensorType<float>(),
       DataTypeImpl::GetTensorType<int32_t>(),
       DataTypeImpl::GetTensorType<uint32_t>(),
       DataTypeImpl::GetTensorType<bool>()};
-  return types;
+
+  if (enable_graph_capture) {
+    static std::vector<MLDataType> types_with_int64 = []() {
+      auto types = base_types;
+      types.push_back(DataTypeImpl::GetTensorType<int64_t>());
+      return types;
+    }();
+    return types_with_int64;
+  } else {
+    return base_types;
+  }
 }
 }  // namespace
 
-ONNX_OPERATOR_VERSIONED_KERNEL_EX(
-    Cast,
-    kOnnxDomain,
-    6, 8,
-    kWebGpuExecutionProvider,
-    (*KernelDefBuilder::Create())
-        .TypeConstraint("T1", CastOpTypeConstraints())
-        .TypeConstraint("T2", CastOpTypeConstraints()),
-    Cast);
-ONNX_OPERATOR_VERSIONED_KERNEL_EX(
-    Cast,
-    kOnnxDomain,
-    9, 12,
-    kWebGpuExecutionProvider,
-    (*KernelDefBuilder::Create())
-        .TypeConstraint("T1", CastOpTypeConstraints())
-        .TypeConstraint("T2", CastOpTypeConstraints()),
-    Cast);
-ONNX_OPERATOR_VERSIONED_KERNEL_EX(
-    Cast,
-    kOnnxDomain,
-    13, 18,
-    kWebGpuExecutionProvider,
-    (*KernelDefBuilder::Create())
-        .TypeConstraint("T1", CastOpTypeConstraints())
-        .TypeConstraint("T2", CastOpTypeConstraints()),
-    Cast);
-ONNX_OPERATOR_VERSIONED_KERNEL_EX(
-    Cast,
-    kOnnxDomain,
-    19, 20,
-    kWebGpuExecutionProvider,
-    (*KernelDefBuilder::Create())
-        .TypeConstraint("T1", CastOpTypeConstraints())
-        .TypeConstraint("T2", CastOpTypeConstraints()),
-    Cast);
-ONNX_OPERATOR_VERSIONED_KERNEL_EX(
-    Cast,
-    kOnnxDomain,
-    21, 22,
-    kWebGpuExecutionProvider,
-    (*KernelDefBuilder::Create())
-        .TypeConstraint("T1", CastOpTypeConstraints())
-        .TypeConstraint("T2", CastOpTypeConstraints()),
-    Cast);
-ONNX_OPERATOR_KERNEL_EX(
-    Cast,
-    kOnnxDomain,
-    23,
-    kWebGpuExecutionProvider,
-    (*KernelDefBuilder::Create())
-        .TypeConstraint("T1", CastOpTypeConstraints())
-        .TypeConstraint("T2", CastOpTypeConstraints()),
-    Cast);
-
 Status Cast::ComputeInternal(ComputeContext& context) const {
   const auto* input_tensor = context.Input(0);
   auto* output_tensor = context.Output(0, input_tensor->Shape());
   int64_t size = input_tensor->Shape().Size();
   if (size == 0) {
     return Status::OK();
   }
+  bool is_from_int64 = input_tensor->DataType() == DataTypeImpl::GetType<int64_t>();
+  const int in_components = is_from_int64 ? 1 : 4;
+  const int out_components = to_ == ONNX_NAMESPACE::TensorProto_DataType_INT64 ? 1 : 4;
   uint32_t vec_size = onnxruntime::narrow<uint32_t>((size + 3) / 4);
+  uint32_t in_vec_size = onnxruntime::narrow<uint32_t>(in_components == 1 ? size : vec_size);
+  uint32_t out_vec_size = onnxruntime::narrow<uint32_t>(out_components == 1 ? size : vec_size);
 
-  CastProgram program{to_};
+  CastProgram program{to_, is_from_int64};
   program
-      .AddInput({input_tensor, ProgramTensorMetadataDependency::Type, {vec_size}, 4})
-      .AddOutput({output_tensor, ProgramTensorMetadataDependency::None, {vec_size}, 4})
+      .AddInput({input_tensor, ProgramTensorMetadataDependency::Type, {in_vec_size}, in_components})
+      .AddOutput({output_tensor, ProgramTensorMetadataDependency::None, {out_vec_size}, out_components})
       .SetDispatchGroupSize((vec_size + WORKGROUP_SIZE - 1) / WORKGROUP_SIZE)
       .AddUniformVariables({
           {static_cast<uint32_t>(vec_size)},
@@ -121,15 +80,78 @@ Status CastProgram::GenerateShaderCode(ShaderHelper& sh) const {
     case ONNX_NAMESPACE::TensorProto_DataType_BOOL:
       expression = "vec4<bool>(a)";
       break;
+    case ONNX_NAMESPACE::TensorProto_DataType_INT64:
+      expression = "int32(a)";
+      break;
     default:
       ORT_NOT_IMPLEMENTED("Cast to type ", to_, " is not supported.");
   }
-  sh.MainFunctionBody() << sh.GuardAgainstOutOfBoundsWorkgroupSizes("uniforms.vec_size")
-                        << "  let a = " << input.GetByOffset("global_idx") << ";\n  "
-                        << output.SetByOffset("global_idx", expression);
+
+  sh.MainFunctionBody() << sh.GuardAgainstOutOfBoundsWorkgroupSizes("uniforms.vec_size");
+  if (is_from_int64_) {
+    sh.MainFunctionBody() << "  let a0 = " << input.GetByOffset("global_idx * 4") << ";\n"
+                          << "  let a1 = " << input.GetByOffset("global_idx * 4 + 1") << ";\n"
+                          << "  let a2 = " << input.GetByOffset("global_idx * 4 + 2") << ";\n"
+                          << "  let a3 = " << input.GetByOffset("global_idx * 4 + 3") << ";\n"
+                          << "  let a = vec4<i32>(a0, a1, a2, a3);\n";
+  } else {
+    sh.MainFunctionBody() << "  let a = " << input.GetByOffset("global_idx") << ";\n";
+  }
+  if (to_ == ONNX_NAMESPACE::TensorProto_DataType_INT64) {
+    sh.MainFunctionBody() << output.SetByOffset("global_idx * 4", "a.x") << "\n"
+                          << output.SetByOffset("global_idx * 4 + 1", "a.y") << "\n"
+                          << output.SetByOffset("global_idx * 4 + 2", "a.z") << "\n"
+                          << output.SetByOffset("global_idx * 4 + 3", "a.w") << "\n";
+  } else {
+    sh.MainFunctionBody() << output.SetByOffset("global_idx", expression);
+  }
 
   return Status::OK();
 }
 
+template <int StartVersion, int EndVersion>
+KernelCreateInfo CreateCastKernelInfo(bool enable_graph_capture) {
+  const auto& type_constraints = CastOpTypeConstraints(enable_graph_capture);
+
+  KernelCreateFn kernel_create_fn = [](FuncManager&, const OpKernelInfo& info, std::unique_ptr<OpKernel>& out) -> Status {
+    out = std::make_unique<Cast>(info);
+    return Status::OK();
+  };
+
+  if constexpr (StartVersion == EndVersion) {
+    // Non-versioned kernel
+    return {
+        KernelDefBuilder()
+            .SetName("Cast")
+            .SetDomain(kOnnxDomain)
+            .SinceVersion(StartVersion)
+            .Provider(kWebGpuExecutionProvider)
+            .TypeConstraint("T1", type_constraints)
+            .TypeConstraint("T2", type_constraints)
+            .Build(),
+        kernel_create_fn};
+  } else {
+    // Versioned kernel
+    return {
+        KernelDefBuilder()
+            .SetName("Cast")
+            .SetDomain(kOnnxDomain)
+            .SinceVersion(StartVersion, EndVersion)
+            .Provider(kWebGpuExecutionProvider)
+            .TypeConstraint("T1", type_constraints)
+            .TypeConstraint("T2", type_constraints)
+            .Build(),
+        kernel_create_fn};
+  }
+}
+
+// Explicit template instantiations
+template KernelCreateInfo CreateCastKernelInfo<6, 8>(bool);
+template KernelCreateInfo CreateCastKernelInfo<9, 12>(bool);
+template KernelCreateInfo CreateCastKernelInfo<13, 18>(bool);
+template KernelCreateInfo CreateCastKernelInfo<19, 20>(bool);
+template KernelCreateInfo CreateCastKernelInfo<21, 22>(bool);
+template KernelCreateInfo CreateCastKernelInfo<23>(bool);
+
 }  // namespace webgpu
 }  // namespace onnxruntime

onnxruntime/core/providers/webgpu/tensor/cast.h

@@ -3,21 +3,24 @@
 
 #pragma once
 
+#include "core/framework/kernel_registry.h"
+#include "core/framework/op_kernel.h"
 #include "core/providers/webgpu/webgpu_kernel.h"
 
 namespace onnxruntime {
 namespace webgpu {
 
 class CastProgram final : public Program<CastProgram> {
  public:
-  CastProgram(int32_t to) : Program{"Cast"}, to_{to} {}
+  CastProgram(int32_t to, bool is_from_int64) : Program{"Cast"}, to_{to}, is_from_int64_{is_from_int64} {}
 
   Status GenerateShaderCode(ShaderHelper& sh) const override;
 
   WEBGPU_PROGRAM_DEFINE_UNIFORM_VARIABLES({"vec_size", ProgramUniformVariableDataType::Uint32});
 
  private:
   int32_t to_;
+  bool is_from_int64_;
 };
 
 class Cast final : public WebGpuKernel {
@@ -37,5 +40,9 @@ class Cast final : public WebGpuKernel {
   int32_t to_;
 };
 
+// Create Cast kernel info with appropriate type constraints based on graph capture support
+template <int StartVersion, int EndVersion = StartVersion>
+KernelCreateInfo CreateCastKernelInfo(bool enable_graph_capture);
+
 }  // namespace webgpu
 }  // namespace onnxruntime

onnxruntime/core/providers/webgpu/webgpu_execution_provider.cc

@@ -28,6 +28,7 @@
 #include "core/providers/webgpu/data_transfer.h"
 #include "core/providers/webgpu/external_data_loader.h"
 #include "core/providers/webgpu/webgpu_profiler.h"
+#include "core/providers/webgpu/tensor/cast.h"
 
 namespace onnxruntime {
 
@@ -417,7 +418,7 @@ class ONNX_OPERATOR_VERSIONED_KERNEL_CLASS_NAME(kWebGpuExecutionProvider, kOnnxD
 class ONNX_OPERATOR_VERSIONED_KERNEL_CLASS_NAME(kWebGpuExecutionProvider, kOnnxDomain, 16, 17, ScatterND);
 class ONNX_OPERATOR_KERNEL_CLASS_NAME(kWebGpuExecutionProvider, kOnnxDomain, 18, ScatterND);
 
-std::unique_ptr<KernelRegistry> RegisterKernels() {
+std::unique_ptr<KernelRegistry> RegisterKernels(bool enable_graph_capture = false) {
   auto kernel_registry = std::make_unique<onnxruntime::KernelRegistry>();
 
   static const BuildKernelCreateInfoFn function_table[] = {
@@ -464,13 +465,6 @@ std::unique_ptr<KernelRegistry> RegisterKernels() {
       KERNEL_CREATE_INFO(13, Tanh),
       KERNEL_CREATE_INFO(1, Not),
 
-      KERNEL_CREATE_INFO_VERSIONED(6, 8, Cast),
-      KERNEL_CREATE_INFO_VERSIONED(9, 12, Cast),
-      KERNEL_CREATE_INFO_VERSIONED(13, 18, Cast),
-      KERNEL_CREATE_INFO_VERSIONED(19, 20, Cast),
-      KERNEL_CREATE_INFO_VERSIONED(21, 22, Cast),
-      KERNEL_CREATE_INFO(23, Cast),
-
       // // activations
       BuildKernelCreateInfo<ONNX_OPERATOR_VERSIONED_TYPED_KERNEL_CLASS_NAME(kWebGpuExecutionProvider, kOnnxDomain, 11, 11, float, Clip)>,
       BuildKernelCreateInfo<ONNX_OPERATOR_VERSIONED_TYPED_KERNEL_CLASS_NAME(kWebGpuExecutionProvider, kOnnxDomain, 12, 12, float, Clip)>,
@@ -771,6 +765,14 @@ std::unique_ptr<KernelRegistry> RegisterKernels() {
     }
   }
 
+  // Register Cast kernels with conditional int64 support based on graph capture
+  ORT_THROW_IF_ERROR(kernel_registry->Register(CreateCastKernelInfo<6, 8>(enable_graph_capture)));
+  ORT_THROW_IF_ERROR(kernel_registry->Register(CreateCastKernelInfo<9, 12>(enable_graph_capture)));
+  ORT_THROW_IF_ERROR(kernel_registry->Register(CreateCastKernelInfo<13, 18>(enable_graph_capture)));
+  ORT_THROW_IF_ERROR(kernel_registry->Register(CreateCastKernelInfo<19, 20>(enable_graph_capture)));
+  ORT_THROW_IF_ERROR(kernel_registry->Register(CreateCastKernelInfo<21, 22>(enable_graph_capture)));
+  ORT_THROW_IF_ERROR(kernel_registry->Register(CreateCastKernelInfo<23>(enable_graph_capture)));
+
 #ifndef DISABLE_CONTRIB_OPS
   Status status = ::onnxruntime::contrib::webgpu::RegisterWebGpuContribKernels(*kernel_registry);
   ORT_ENFORCE(status.IsOK(), "Failed to register WebGPU contrib kernels: " + status.ErrorMessage());
@@ -869,9 +871,13 @@ std::vector<std::unique_ptr<ComputeCapability>> WebGpuExecutionProvider::GetCapa
 }
 
 std::shared_ptr<KernelRegistry> WebGpuExecutionProvider::GetKernelRegistry() const {
-  static std::shared_ptr<KernelRegistry> registry = webgpu::RegisterKernels();
-
-  return registry;
+  if (enable_graph_capture_) {
+    static std::shared_ptr<KernelRegistry> registry = webgpu::RegisterKernels(true);
+    return registry;
+  } else {
+    static std::shared_ptr<KernelRegistry> registry = webgpu::RegisterKernels(false);
+    return registry;
+  }
 }
 
 std::unique_ptr<onnxruntime::IDataTransfer> WebGpuExecutionProvider::GetDataTransfer() const {