Add option to throw error when `!` (NonNull expression) is used on a non-nullish expression

[Ayc0]

🔍 Search Terms

"cast", "non null", "nonnull", "@ts-expect-error", "strict", "error"

✅ Viability Checklist

• This wouldn't be a breaking change in existing TypeScript/JavaScript code
• This wouldn't change the runtime behavior of existing JavaScript code
• This could be implemented without emitting different JS based on the types of the expressions
• This isn't a runtime feature (e.g. library functionality, non-ECMAScript syntax with JavaScript output, new syntax sugar for JS, etc.)
• This isn't a request to add a new utility type: https://github.com/microsoft/TypeScript/wiki/No-New-Utility-Types
• This feature would agree with the rest of our Design Goals: https://github.com/Microsoft/TypeScript/wiki/TypeScript-Design-Goals

⭐ Suggestion

Add in the TSConfig.json a way to tell TS to check when devs are using ! (non null expressions) on variables that are non null

📃 Motivating Example

Mimic @ts-ignore vs @ts-expect-error but for !:
In well maintained codebases, @ts-expect-error can be preferred to @ts-ignore to get rid of those as soon as they become non necessary.
A similar thinking could be applied to ! so that we can keep healthy codebases

💻 Use Cases

1. What do you want to use this for?

Seeing ! in a codebase should mean that the variable can be nullish, and that we're telling TS that it isn't in practice.
It replicates @ts-expect-error but for !, at one difference: when using @ts-expect-error you can pick if you want this or @ts-ignore. With this proposal, it'd be set in the TSConfig so would get applied to all ! (but this is I think what devs would want)

2. What shortcomings exist with current approaches?

In large codebases, we can't keep track of why a ! was used, and whether it's still required. So we need to come back to them, and remove them manually to see if TS is happy or not without them. We can use ESLint to warn us against the use of ! but it's a 100% process.

3. What workarounds are you using in the meantime?

TypeScript-ESLint can be used to either warn / ban ! and instead push devs to use ?. or ??, but sometimes a variable is indeed never nullish, so it modifies / slows down the runtime for no real reason.

As TypeScript-ESLint can also have access to the full TS process, we could also use it to check the type of the variable on which ! is used to see if it's necessary. But this requires spawning the full TS process in ESLint, slowing it down significantly on large codebases (which is why having it directly in TS could be better)

[Ayc0]

I know that #46268 already exists, but this other issue also mentions modifying ?? & ?., and here I'm just talking about !

[Josh-Cena]

This is https://typescript-eslint.io/rules/no-unnecessary-type-assertion. Re: performance, it largely depends on how your project is set up,

[xixixao]

I often see ESLint reporting this assertion due to having stale types, and I have to restart the ESLint server to fix it. For that reason alone I'd like to see this included in TypeScript itself.