Recursive function type is printed using "any" if the function is not in scope

[JsonFreeman]

var x = function f() { return f; };
var x = function () { var y; return y; };

We get the following error message:
Subsequent variable declarations must have the same type. Variable 'x' must be of type '() => any', but here has type '() => any'.

This is essentially the same as #463. The first declaration of x has type () => typeof f, but because f is not in the global scope, we say it is any, even though it is clearly not.

We have a similar problem for function declarations (and likely for module instances and class constructors):

function g() {
    return function f() {
        return f;
    };
}

var numberFn = <() => number>(g());

We get the following error on the type assertion:
Neither type '() => number' nor type '() => any' is assignable to the other.

But in fact '() => number' is assignable to '() => any'!

[JsonFreeman]

The relevant test case for this bug is:
tests/cases/compiler/functionExpressionReturningItself.ts

[mhegazy]

closing in favor of #463