ARM64: Fix for Multiplication with Overflow Check

For 4 byte integer multiplication, JIT emits a bad-code which is valid
only for 8 byte (i8) multiplication.
For the fix, I use ```smull```(signed)/```umull```(unsigned) instructions
that contain 8 byte results from 4 byte by 4 byte multiplication.
So only one multiplication is needed instead of two for this case.
By simply shifting the results, we could get the upper results that is
used to detect overflow.
Similar transform is made for the unsigned case.
Lower is also changed to reserve a register for overflow check.

Before
smulh   w10, w8, w9  --> Incorrect use: smulh is for obtaining the upper
bits [127:64] of x8 * x9
mul     w8, w8, w9
cmp     x10, x8, ASR dotnet#63

After
smull   x8, x8, x9   --> x8 = w8 * w9
lsr     x10, x8, dotnet#32 --> shift the upper bit of x8 to get sign bit
cmp     w10, w8, ASR #31 --> check sign bit

Author: kyulee1

src/jit/emitarm64.cpp

@@ -10824,7 +10824,6 @@ regNumber emitter::emitInsTernary(instruction ins, emitAttr attr, GenTree* dst,
     }
     bool isMulOverflow = false;
     bool isUnsignedMul = false;
-    instruction ins2 = INS_invalid;
     regNumber extraReg = REG_NA;
     if (dst->gtOverflowEx())
     {
@@ -10840,7 +10839,6 @@ regNumber emitter::emitInsTernary(instruction ins, emitAttr attr, GenTree* dst,
         {
             isMulOverflow = true;
             isUnsignedMul = ((dst->gtFlags & GTF_UNSIGNED) != 0);
-            ins2 = isUnsignedMul ? INS_umulh : INS_smulh;
             assert(intConst == nullptr);   // overflow format doesn't support an int constant operand
         }
         else
@@ -10856,43 +10854,66 @@ regNumber emitter::emitInsTernary(instruction ins, emitAttr attr, GenTree* dst,
     {
         if (isMulOverflow)
         {
+            // Make sure that we have an internal register
+            assert(genCountBits(dst->gtRsvdRegs) == 2);
+
+            // There will be two bits set in tmpRegsMask.
+            // Remove the bit for 'dst->gtRegNum' from 'tmpRegsMask'
+            regMaskTP tmpRegsMask = dst->gtRsvdRegs & ~genRegMask(dst->gtRegNum);
+            assert(tmpRegsMask != RBM_NONE);
+            regMaskTP tmpRegMask = genFindLowestBit(tmpRegsMask);   // set tmpRegMsk to a one-bit mask
+            extraReg = genRegNumFromMask(tmpRegMask);               // set tmpReg from that mask
+
             if (isUnsignedMul)
             {
-                assert(genCountBits(dst->gtRsvdRegs) == 1);
-                extraReg = genRegNumFromMask(dst->gtRsvdRegs);
+                if (attr == EA_4BYTE)
+                {
+                    // Compute 8 byte results from 4 byte by 4 byte multiplication.
+                    emitIns_R_R_R(INS_umull, EA_8BYTE, dst->gtRegNum, src1->gtRegNum, src2->gtRegNum);
 
-                // Compute the high result
-                emitIns_R_R_R(ins2, attr, extraReg, src1->gtRegNum, src2->gtRegNum);
+                    // Get the high result by shifting dst.
+                    emitIns_R_R_I(INS_lsr, EA_8BYTE, extraReg, dst->gtRegNum, 32);
+                }
+                else
+                {
+                    assert(attr == EA_8BYTE);
+                    // Compute the high result.
+                    emitIns_R_R_R(INS_umulh, attr, extraReg, src1->gtRegNum, src2->gtRegNum);
 
-                emitIns_R_I(INS_cmp, EA_8BYTE, extraReg, 0);
-                codeGen->genCheckOverflow(dst);
+                    // Now multiply without skewing the high result.
+                    emitIns_R_R_R(ins, attr, dst->gtRegNum, src1->gtRegNum, src2->gtRegNum);
+                }
 
-                // Now multiply without skewing the high result if no overflow.
-                emitIns_R_R_R(ins, attr, dst->gtRegNum, src1->gtRegNum, src2->gtRegNum);
+                // zero-sign bit comparision to detect overflow.
+                emitIns_R_I(INS_cmp, attr, extraReg, 0);
             }
             else
             {
-                // Make sure that we have an internal register
-                assert(genCountBits(dst->gtRsvdRegs) == 2);
-
-                // There will be two bits set in tmpRegsMask.
-                // Remove the bit for 'dst->gtRegNum' from 'tmpRegsMask'
-                regMaskTP tmpRegsMask = dst->gtRsvdRegs & ~genRegMask(dst->gtRegNum);
-                regMaskTP tmpRegMask = genFindLowestBit(tmpRegsMask);   // set tmpRegMsk to a one-bit mask
-                extraReg = genRegNumFromMask(tmpRegMask);               // set tmpReg from that mask
+                int bitShift = 0;
+                if (attr == EA_4BYTE)
+                {
+                    // Compute 8 byte results from 4 byte by 4 byte multiplication.
+                    emitIns_R_R_R(INS_smull, EA_8BYTE, dst->gtRegNum, src1->gtRegNum, src2->gtRegNum);
 
-                // Make sure the two registers are not the same.
-                assert(extraReg != dst->gtRegNum);
+                    // Get the high result by shifting dst.
+                    emitIns_R_R_I(INS_lsr, EA_8BYTE, extraReg, dst->gtRegNum, 32);
 
-                // Save the high result in a temporary register
-                emitIns_R_R_R(ins2, attr, extraReg, src1->gtRegNum, src2->gtRegNum);
+                    bitShift = 31;
+                }
+                else
+                {
+                    assert(attr == EA_8BYTE);
+                    // Save the high result in a temporary register.
+                    emitIns_R_R_R(INS_smulh, attr, extraReg, src1->gtRegNum, src2->gtRegNum);
 
-                // Now multiply without skewing the high result.
-                emitIns_R_R_R(ins, attr, dst->gtRegNum, src1->gtRegNum, src2->gtRegNum);
+                    // Now multiply without skewing the high result.
+                    emitIns_R_R_R(ins, attr, dst->gtRegNum, src1->gtRegNum, src2->gtRegNum);
 
-                emitIns_R_R_I(INS_cmp, EA_8BYTE, extraReg, dst->gtRegNum, 63, INS_OPTS_ASR);
+                    bitShift = 63;
+                }
 
-                codeGen->genCheckOverflow(dst);
+                // Sign bit comparision to detect overflow.
+                emitIns_R_R_I(INS_cmp, attr, extraReg, dst->gtRegNum, bitShift, INS_OPTS_ASR);
             }
         }
         else
@@ -10902,7 +10923,7 @@ regNumber emitter::emitInsTernary(instruction ins, emitAttr attr, GenTree* dst,
         }
     }
 
-    if (dst->gtOverflowEx() && !isMulOverflow)
+    if (dst->gtOverflowEx())
     {
         assert(!varTypeIsFloating(dst));
         codeGen->genCheckOverflow(dst);

src/jit/lowerarm64.cpp

@@ -347,12 +347,7 @@ void Lowering::TreeNodeInfoInit(GenTree* stmt)
             break;
 
         case GT_MUL:
-            if ((tree->gtFlags & GTF_UNSIGNED) != 0)
-            {
-                // unsigned mul should only need one register
-                info->internalIntCount = 1;
-            }
-            else if (tree->gtOverflow())
+            if (tree->gtOverflow())
             {
                 // Need a register different from target reg to check
                 // for signed overflow.

tests/arm64/Tests.lst

@@ -5247,7 +5247,7 @@ WorkingDir=JIT\Regression\CLR-x86-JIT\V1-M09.5-PDC\b32093\b32093
 MaxAllowedDurationSeconds=600
 HostStyle=Any
 Expected=100
-Categories=JIT;EXPECTED_FAIL;NEED_TRIAGE
+Categories=JIT;EXPECTED_PASS
 [lclfldrem_cs_ro.exe_2875]
 RelativePath=JIT\Directed\coverage\oldtests\lclfldrem_cs_ro\lclfldrem_cs_ro.exe
 WorkingDir=JIT\Directed\coverage\oldtests\lclfldrem_cs_ro