|
| 1 | +""" |
| 2 | +* EJERCICIO: |
| 3 | + * Explora el "Principio SOLID de Sustitución de Liskov (Liskov Substitution Principle, LSP)" |
| 4 | + * y crea un ejemplo simple donde se muestre su funcionamiento |
| 5 | + * de forma correcta e incorrecta. |
| 6 | +""" |
| 7 | +#LSP incorrecto |
| 8 | +class Felines(): |
| 9 | + def sound(self): |
| 10 | + print("roar") |
| 11 | + |
| 12 | +class Cats(Felines): |
| 13 | + def sound(self): |
| 14 | + raise Exception("Los gatos no pueden rugir") |
| 15 | + |
| 16 | +one_feline = Felines() |
| 17 | +one_feline.sound() |
| 18 | +one_cat = Cats() |
| 19 | +#one_cat.sound() Lanza la excepción |
| 20 | + |
| 21 | +#LSP Correcto |
| 22 | +from abc import ABC,abstractmethod |
| 23 | + |
| 24 | +class Feline(ABC): |
| 25 | + @abstractmethod |
| 26 | + def sound(self): |
| 27 | + pass |
| 28 | + |
| 29 | +class Big_Feline(Feline): |
| 30 | + def sound(self): |
| 31 | + print("roar") |
| 32 | + |
| 33 | +class Small_Feline(Feline): |
| 34 | + def sound(self): |
| 35 | + print("miau") |
| 36 | + |
| 37 | +class Tiger(Big_Feline): |
| 38 | + pass |
| 39 | + |
| 40 | +class Cat(Small_Feline): |
| 41 | + pass |
| 42 | + |
| 43 | +my_tiger = Tiger() |
| 44 | +my_tiger.sound() |
| 45 | + |
| 46 | +my_cat = Cat() |
| 47 | +my_cat.sound() |
| 48 | + |
| 49 | +""" |
| 50 | + * DIFICULTAD EXTRA (opcional): |
| 51 | + * Crea una jerarquía de vehículos. Todos ellos deben poder acelerar y frenar, así como |
| 52 | + * cumplir el LSP. |
| 53 | + * Instrucciones: |
| 54 | + * 1. Crea la clase Vehículo. |
| 55 | + * 2. Añade tres subclases de Vehículo. |
| 56 | + * 3. Implementa las operaciones "acelerar" y "frenar" como corresponda. |
| 57 | + * 4. Desarrolla un código que compruebe que se cumple el LSP. |
| 58 | +""" |
| 59 | +class Vehicle(ABC): |
| 60 | + def __init__(self,speed = 0): |
| 61 | + super().__init__() |
| 62 | + self.speed = speed |
| 63 | + |
| 64 | + @abstractmethod |
| 65 | + def accelerate(self): |
| 66 | + pass |
| 67 | + |
| 68 | + @abstractmethod |
| 69 | + def slow_down(self): |
| 70 | + pass |
| 71 | + |
| 72 | +class F1_Car(Vehicle): |
| 73 | + def accelerate(self,increment): |
| 74 | + self.speed += increment + 100 |
| 75 | + return f"velocidad de {self.speed}" |
| 76 | + |
| 77 | + def slow_down(self,decrement): |
| 78 | + self.speed -= decrement + 15 |
| 79 | + if self.speed <= 0: |
| 80 | + self.speed = 0 |
| 81 | + return f"decelera y va a una velocidad de {self.speed}" |
| 82 | + |
| 83 | +class Regular_Car(Vehicle): |
| 84 | + def accelerate(self,increment): |
| 85 | + self.speed += increment + 50 |
| 86 | + return f"velocidad de {self.speed}" |
| 87 | + |
| 88 | + def slow_down(self,decrement): |
| 89 | + self.speed -= decrement + 10 |
| 90 | + if self.speed <= 0: |
| 91 | + self.speed = 0 |
| 92 | + return f"decelera y va a una velocidad de {self.speed}" |
| 93 | + |
| 94 | +class Truck(Vehicle): |
| 95 | + def accelerate(self,increment): |
| 96 | + self.speed += increment + 35 |
| 97 | + return f"velocidad de {self.speed}" |
| 98 | + |
| 99 | + def slow_down(self,decrement): |
| 100 | + self.speed -= decrement + 5 |
| 101 | + if self.speed <= 0: |
| 102 | + self.speed = 0 |
| 103 | + return f"decelera y va a una velocidad de {self.speed}" |
| 104 | + |
| 105 | +def show_vehicle(name:str,vehicle:Vehicle): |
| 106 | + print(f"El vehículo {name} va a una {vehicle.accelerate(20)} km/h. Después {vehicle.slow_down(15)} km/h") |
| 107 | + |
| 108 | +my_f1 = F1_Car() |
| 109 | +show_vehicle(name="McLaren",vehicle=my_f1) |
| 110 | +my_car = Regular_Car() |
| 111 | +show_vehicle(name="Seat Leon",vehicle=my_car) |
| 112 | +my_truck = Truck() |
| 113 | +show_vehicle(name="Mac",vehicle=my_truck) |
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