Support STJ Polymorphism (#45405)

* Initial GetTypeInfo usage

* Merging 45359

* Using TypeInfoAPI

* Updating comments

* Remove using

* Updating MVC support

* Adding fastpath

* Trying to fix mvc

* Updating mvc support

* Simplify MVC

* Moving more to fastpath

* Adding JsonOptions setup

* Moving DefaultJsonTypeInfoResolver instance creation

* Fix bad merge

* Adding RDF unit tests

* Adding more RDF tests

* Adding MVC unit tests

* Updating IL2026 warnings

* Scoping trimming warning

* Updates

* Changing to always JsonTypeInfo

* Adding JsonSerializerExtensions

* Fixing warnings

* Apply suggestions from code review

* Updating suppression

* Adding IL3050

Author: brunolins16

src/Http/Http.Extensions/src/JsonOptions.cs

@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
 
 using System.Text.Encodings.Web;
 using System.Text.Json;
+using System.Text.Json.Serialization.Metadata;
 
 #nullable enable
 
@@ -21,11 +22,23 @@ public class JsonOptions
         // Because these options are for producing content that is written directly to the request
         // (and not embedded in an HTML page for example), we can use UnsafeRelaxedJsonEscaping.
         Encoder = JavaScriptEncoder.UnsafeRelaxedJsonEscaping,
+
+        // The JsonSerializerOptions.GetTypeInfo method is called directly and needs a defined resolver
+        // setting the default resolver (reflection-based) but the user can overwrite it directly or calling
+        // .AddContext<TContext>()
+        TypeInfoResolver = CreateDefaultTypeResolver()
     };
 
     // Use a copy so the defaults are not modified.
     /// <summary>
     /// Gets the <see cref="JsonSerializerOptions"/>.
     /// </summary>
     public JsonSerializerOptions SerializerOptions { get; } = new JsonSerializerOptions(DefaultSerializerOptions);
+
+#pragma warning disable IL2026 // Suppressed in Microsoft.AspNetCore.Http.Extensions.WarningSuppressions.xml
+#pragma warning disable IL3050 // Calling members annotated with 'RequiresDynamicCodeAttribute' may break functionality when AOT compiling.
+    private static IJsonTypeInfoResolver CreateDefaultTypeResolver()
+        => new DefaultJsonTypeInfoResolver();
+#pragma warning restore IL3050 // Calling members annotated with 'RequiresDynamicCodeAttribute' may break functionality when AOT compiling.
+#pragma warning restore IL2026 // Suppressed in Microsoft.AspNetCore.Http.Extensions.WarningSuppressions.xml
 }

src/Http/Http.Extensions/src/Microsoft.AspNetCore.Http.Extensions.WarningSuppressions.xml

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
+<linker>
+  <assembly fullname="Microsoft.AspNetCore.Http.Extensions, Version=8.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=adb9793829ddae60">
+    <attribute fullname="System.Diagnostics.CodeAnalysis.UnconditionalSuppressMessageAttribute">
+      <argument>ILLink</argument>
+      <argument>IL2026</argument>
+      <property name="Scope">member</property>
+      <property name="Target">M:Microsoft.AspNetCore.Http.Json.JsonOptions.CreateDefaultTypeResolver</property>
+      <property name="Justification">This warning is left in the product so developers get an ILLink warning when trimming an app, in future, only when Microsoft.AspNetCore.EnsureJsonTrimmability=false.</property>
+    </attribute>
+  </assembly>
+</linker>

src/Http/Http.Extensions/src/Microsoft.AspNetCore.Http.Extensions.csproj

@@ -21,7 +21,8 @@
     <Compile Include="$(SharedSourceRoot)RoutingMetadata\AcceptsMetadata.cs" LinkBase="Shared" />
     <Compile Include="$(SharedSourceRoot)TypeNameHelper\TypeNameHelper.cs" LinkBase="Shared"/>
     <Compile Include="$(SharedSourceRoot)ProblemDetails\ProblemDetailsDefaults.cs" LinkBase="Shared" />
-    <Compile Include="$(SharedSourceRoot)ValueStringBuilder\**\*.cs" LingBase="Shared"/>
+    <Compile Include="$(SharedSourceRoot)ValueStringBuilder\**\*.cs" LinkBase="Shared"/>
+    <Compile Include="$(SharedSourceRoot)Json\JsonSerializerExtensions.cs" LinkBase="Shared"/>
   </ItemGroup>
 
   <ItemGroup>

src/Http/Http.Extensions/src/RequestDelegateFactory.cs

@@ -17,7 +17,9 @@
 using System.Security.Cryptography.X509Certificates;
 using System.Text;
 using System.Text.Json;
+using System.Text.Json.Nodes;
 using System.Text.Json.Serialization;
+using System.Text.Json.Serialization.Metadata;
 using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Builder;
 using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Http;
 using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Http.Features;
@@ -31,6 +33,7 @@
 using Microsoft.Extensions.Options;
 using Microsoft.Extensions.Primitives;
 using Moq;
+using Xunit.Abstractions;
 
 namespace Microsoft.AspNetCore.Routing.Internal;
 
@@ -3070,6 +3073,122 @@ public async Task RequestDelegateWritesMembersFromChildTypesToJsonResponseBody(D
         Assert.Equal("With type hierarchies!", deserializedResponseBody!.Child);
     }
 
+    public static IEnumerable<object[]> PolymorphicResult
+    {
+        get
+        {
+            JsonTodoChild originalTodo = new()
+            {
+                Name = "Write even more tests!",
+                Child = "With type hierarchies!",
+            };
+
+            JsonTodo TestAction() => originalTodo;
+
+            Task<JsonTodo> TaskTestAction() => Task.FromResult<JsonTodo>(originalTodo);
+            async Task<JsonTodo> TaskTestActionAwaited()
+            {
+                await Task.Yield();
+                return originalTodo;
+            }
+
+            ValueTask<JsonTodo> ValueTaskTestAction() => ValueTask.FromResult<JsonTodo>(originalTodo);
+            async ValueTask<JsonTodo> ValueTaskTestActionAwaited()
+            {
+                await Task.Yield();
+                return originalTodo;
+            }
+
+            return new List<object[]>
+                {
+                    new object[] { (Func<JsonTodo>)TestAction },
+                    new object[] { (Func<Task<JsonTodo>>)TaskTestAction},
+                    new object[] { (Func<Task<JsonTodo>>)TaskTestActionAwaited},
+                    new object[] { (Func<ValueTask<JsonTodo>>)ValueTaskTestAction},
+                    new object[] { (Func<ValueTask<JsonTodo>>)ValueTaskTestActionAwaited},
+                };
+        }
+    }
+
+    [Theory]
+    [MemberData(nameof(PolymorphicResult))]
+    public async Task RequestDelegateWritesMembersFromChildTypesToJsonResponseBody_WithJsonPolymorphicOptions(Delegate @delegate)
+    {
+        var httpContext = CreateHttpContext();
+        httpContext.RequestServices = new ServiceCollection()
+            .AddSingleton(LoggerFactory)
+            .AddSingleton(Options.Create(new JsonOptions()))
+            .BuildServiceProvider();
+        var responseBodyStream = new MemoryStream();
+        httpContext.Response.Body = responseBodyStream;
+
+        var factoryResult = RequestDelegateFactory.Create(@delegate);
+        var requestDelegate = factoryResult.RequestDelegate;
+
+        await requestDelegate(httpContext);
+
+        var deserializedResponseBody = JsonSerializer.Deserialize<JsonTodoChild>(responseBodyStream.ToArray(), new JsonSerializerOptions
+        {
+            PropertyNameCaseInsensitive = true
+        });
+
+        Assert.NotNull(deserializedResponseBody);
+        Assert.Equal("Write even more tests!", deserializedResponseBody!.Name);
+        Assert.Equal("With type hierarchies!", deserializedResponseBody!.Child);
+    }
+
+    [Theory]
+    [MemberData(nameof(PolymorphicResult))]
+    public async Task RequestDelegateWritesMembersFromChildTypesToJsonResponseBody_WithJsonPolymorphicOptionsAndConfiguredJsonOptions(Delegate @delegate)
+    {
+        var httpContext = CreateHttpContext();
+        httpContext.RequestServices = new ServiceCollection()
+            .AddSingleton(LoggerFactory)
+            .AddSingleton(Options.Create(new JsonOptions()))
+            .BuildServiceProvider();
+        var responseBodyStream = new MemoryStream();
+        httpContext.Response.Body = responseBodyStream;
+
+        var factoryResult = RequestDelegateFactory.Create(@delegate, new RequestDelegateFactoryOptions { ServiceProvider = httpContext.RequestServices });
+        var requestDelegate = factoryResult.RequestDelegate;
+
+        await requestDelegate(httpContext);
+
+        var deserializedResponseBody = JsonSerializer.Deserialize<JsonTodoChild>(responseBodyStream.ToArray(), new JsonSerializerOptions
+        {
+            PropertyNameCaseInsensitive = true
+        });
+
+        Assert.NotNull(deserializedResponseBody);
+        Assert.Equal("Write even more tests!", deserializedResponseBody!.Name);
+        Assert.Equal("With type hierarchies!", deserializedResponseBody!.Child);
+    }
+
+    [Theory]
+    [MemberData(nameof(PolymorphicResult))]
+    public async Task RequestDelegateWritesJsonTypeDiscriminatorToJsonResponseBody_WithJsonPolymorphicOptions(Delegate @delegate)
+    {
+        var httpContext = CreateHttpContext();
+        httpContext.RequestServices = new ServiceCollection()
+            .AddSingleton(LoggerFactory)
+            .AddSingleton(Options.Create(new JsonOptions()))
+            .BuildServiceProvider();
+
+        var responseBodyStream = new MemoryStream();
+        httpContext.Response.Body = responseBodyStream;
+
+        var factoryResult = RequestDelegateFactory.Create(@delegate);
+        var requestDelegate = factoryResult.RequestDelegate;
+
+        await requestDelegate(httpContext);
+
+        var deserializedResponseBody = JsonNode.Parse(responseBodyStream.ToArray());
+
+        Assert.NotNull(deserializedResponseBody);
+        Assert.NotNull(deserializedResponseBody["$type"]);
+        Assert.Equal(nameof(JsonTodoChild), deserializedResponseBody["$type"]!.GetValue<string>());
+    }
+
     public static IEnumerable<object[]> JsonContextActions
     {
         get
@@ -3110,6 +3229,22 @@ public async Task RequestDelegateWritesAsJsonResponseBody_WithJsonSerializerCont
         Assert.Equal("Write even more tests!", deserializedResponseBody!.Name);
     }
 
+    [Fact]
+    public void CreateDelegateThrows_WhenGetJsonTypeInfoFail()
+    {
+        var httpContext = CreateHttpContext();
+        httpContext.RequestServices = new ServiceCollection()
+            .AddSingleton(LoggerFactory)
+            .ConfigureHttpJsonOptions(o => o.SerializerOptions.AddContext<TestJsonContext>())
+            .BuildServiceProvider();
+
+        var responseBodyStream = new MemoryStream();
+        httpContext.Response.Body = responseBodyStream;
+
+        TodoStruct TestAction() => new TodoStruct(42, "Bob", true);
+        Assert.Throws<NotSupportedException>(() => RequestDelegateFactory.Create(TestAction, new() { ServiceProvider = httpContext.RequestServices }));
+    }
+
     public static IEnumerable<object[]> CustomResults
     {
         get
@@ -7526,6 +7661,11 @@ private class TodoChild : Todo
         public string? Child { get; set; }
     }
 
+    private class JsonTodoChild : JsonTodo
+    {
+        public string? Child { get; set; }
+    }
+
     private class CustomTodo : Todo
     {
         public static async ValueTask<CustomTodo?> BindAsync(HttpContext context, ParameterInfo parameter)
@@ -7539,6 +7679,8 @@ private class CustomTodo : Todo
         }
     }
 
+    [JsonPolymorphic]
+    [JsonDerivedType(typeof(JsonTodoChild), nameof(JsonTodoChild))]
     private class JsonTodo : Todo
     {
         public static async ValueTask<JsonTodo?> BindAsync(HttpContext context, ParameterInfo parameter)

src/Http/Http.Extensions/test/RequestDelegateFactoryTests.cs

@@ -5,6 +5,8 @@
 using System.Text;
 using System.Text.Encodings.Web;
 using System.Text.Json;
+using System.Text.Json.Serialization.Metadata;
+using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Http;
 
 namespace Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.Formatters;
 
@@ -21,6 +23,8 @@ public SystemTextJsonOutputFormatter(JsonSerializerOptions jsonSerializerOptions
     {
         SerializerOptions = jsonSerializerOptions;
 
+        jsonSerializerOptions.MakeReadOnly();
+
         SupportedEncodings.Add(Encoding.UTF8);
         SupportedEncodings.Add(Encoding.Unicode);
         SupportedMediaTypes.Add(MediaTypeHeaderValues.ApplicationJson);
@@ -61,18 +65,27 @@ public sealed override async Task WriteResponseBodyAsync(OutputFormatterWriteCon
 
         var httpContext = context.HttpContext;
 
-        // context.ObjectType reflects the declared model type when specified.
-        // For polymorphic scenarios where the user declares a return type, but returns a derived type,
-        // we want to serialize all the properties on the derived type. This keeps parity with
-        // the behavior you get when the user does not declare the return type and with Json.Net at least at the top level.
-        var objectType = context.Object?.GetType() ?? context.ObjectType ?? typeof(object);
+        var runtimeType = context.Object?.GetType();
+        JsonTypeInfo? jsonTypeInfo = null;
+
+        if (context.ObjectType is not null)
+        {
+            var declaredTypeJsonInfo = SerializerOptions.GetTypeInfo(context.ObjectType);
+
+            if (declaredTypeJsonInfo.IsPolymorphicSafe() || context.Object is null || runtimeType == declaredTypeJsonInfo.Type)
+            {
+                jsonTypeInfo = declaredTypeJsonInfo;
+            }
+        }
+
+        jsonTypeInfo ??= SerializerOptions.GetTypeInfo(runtimeType ?? typeof(object));
 
         var responseStream = httpContext.Response.Body;
         if (selectedEncoding.CodePage == Encoding.UTF8.CodePage)
         {
             try
             {
-                await JsonSerializer.SerializeAsync(responseStream, context.Object, objectType, SerializerOptions, httpContext.RequestAborted);
+                await JsonSerializer.SerializeAsync(responseStream, context.Object, jsonTypeInfo, httpContext.RequestAborted);
                 await responseStream.FlushAsync(httpContext.RequestAborted);
             }
             catch (OperationCanceledException) when (context.HttpContext.RequestAborted.IsCancellationRequested) { }
@@ -86,7 +99,7 @@ public sealed override async Task WriteResponseBodyAsync(OutputFormatterWriteCon
             ExceptionDispatchInfo? exceptionDispatchInfo = null;
             try
             {
-                await JsonSerializer.SerializeAsync(transcodingStream, context.Object, objectType, SerializerOptions);
+                await JsonSerializer.SerializeAsync(transcodingStream, context.Object, jsonTypeInfo);
                 await transcodingStream.FlushAsync();
             }
             catch (Exception ex)

src/Mvc/Mvc.Core/src/Formatters/SystemTextJsonOutputFormatter.cs

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 // The .NET Foundation licenses this file to you under the MIT license.
 
 using System.Text.Json;
+using System.Text.Json.Serialization.Metadata;
 using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.Formatters;
 using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.ModelBinding;
 
@@ -37,5 +38,13 @@ public class JsonOptions
         // from deserialization errors that might occur from deeply nested objects.
         // This value is the same for model binding and Json.Net's serialization.
         MaxDepth = MvcOptions.DefaultMaxModelBindingRecursionDepth,
+
+        // The JsonSerializerOptions.GetTypeInfo method is called directly and needs a defined resolver
+        // setting the default resolver (reflection-based) but the user can overwrite it directly or calling
+        // .AddContext<TContext>()
+        TypeInfoResolver = CreateDefaultTypeResolver()
     };
+
+    private static IJsonTypeInfoResolver CreateDefaultTypeResolver()
+        => new DefaultJsonTypeInfoResolver();
 }

src/Mvc/Mvc.Core/src/JsonOptions.cs

@@ -33,6 +33,7 @@ Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.RouteAttribute</Description>
     <Compile Include="$(SharedSourceRoot)MediaType\ReadOnlyMediaTypeHeaderValue.cs" LinkBase="Shared" />
     <Compile Include="$(SharedSourceRoot)MediaType\HttpTokenParsingRule.cs" LinkBase="Shared" />
     <Compile Include="$(SharedSourceRoot)RoutingMetadata\AcceptsMetadata.cs" LinkBase="Shared" />
+    <Compile Include="$(SharedSourceRoot)Json\JsonSerializerExtensions.cs" LinkBase="Shared"/>
   </ItemGroup>
 
   <ItemGroup>

src/Mvc/Mvc.Core/src/Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.Core.csproj

@@ -123,7 +123,7 @@ public async Task WriteResponseBodyAsync_Encodes()
         var outputFormatterContext = new OutputFormatterWriteContext(
             actionContext.HttpContext,
             new TestHttpResponseStreamWriterFactory().CreateWriter,
-            typeof(string),
+            typeof(object),
             content)
         {
             ContentType = new StringSegment(mediaType.ToString()),