Parallel property checking script: support all CBMC options

[tautschnig]

The script now accepts arbitrary additional options, which will be passed on to CBMC.

• Each commit message has a non-empty body, explaining why the change was made.
• n/a Methods or procedures I have added are documented, following the guidelines provided in CODING_STANDARD.md.
• n/a The feature or user visible behaviour I have added or modified has been documented in the User Guide in doc/cprover-manual/
• Regression or unit tests are included, or existing tests cover the modified code (in this case I have detailed which ones those are in the commit message).
• n/a My commit message includes data points confirming performance improvements (if claimed).
• My PR is restricted to a single feature or bugfix.
• n/a White-space or formatting changes outside the feature-related changed lines are in commits of their own.

[codecov]

Codecov Report

Base: 78.01% // Head: 78.01% // No change to project coverage 👍

Coverage data is based on head (87acf31) compared to base (ddf0fd2).
Patch has no changes to coverable lines.

Additional details and impacted files

@@           Coverage Diff            @@
##           develop    #7271   +/-   ##
========================================
  Coverage    78.01%   78.01%           
========================================
  Files         1625     1625           
  Lines       187407   187407           
========================================
  Hits        146201   146201           
  Misses       41206    41206           

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