Make URL strategy better at recognizing URLs.

[lrhn]

More precise scheme detection, more precise authority detection,
more precise drive-letter detection. More URL-like behavior.

Generally recognizes that a path ends at # or ?, and
doesn't parse into that.
Recognizes only valid schemes as schemes.
Ends authority at /, # or ? or end-of-path, not just at /.
Allows drive letter ended by # or ? or end-of-path, not just /.

Combines everything from the first ? or # in the last path segment.
(Which may give weird results if you join onto that, but works fine with
dirname.)

Fixes #546

[github-actions]

PR Health

Breaking changes ✔️

Package	Change	Current Version	New Version	Needed Version	Looking good?
path	None	1.9.1	1.9.2-wip	1.9.1	✔️

Changelog Entry ✔️

Package	Changed Files

Changes to files need to be accounted for in their respective changelogs.

Coverage ⚠️

File	Coverage
pkgs/path/lib/src/characters.dart	💔 Not covered
pkgs/path/lib/src/context.dart	💔 98 % ⬇️ 0 %
pkgs/path/lib/src/internal_style.dart	💚 100 %
pkgs/path/lib/src/parsed_path.dart	💚 100 %
pkgs/path/lib/src/style/url.dart	💚 95 % ⬆️ 1 %
pkgs/path/lib/src/utils.dart	💚 98 % ⬆️ 5 %

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API leaks ⚠️

The following packages contain symbols visible in the public API, but not exported by the library. Export these symbols or remove them from your publicly visible API.

Package	Leaked API symbols
path	InternalStyle

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License Headers ✔️

// Copyright (c) 2025, the Dart project authors. Please see the AUTHORS file
// for details. All rights reserved. Use of this source code is governed by a
// BSD-style license that can be found in the LICENSE file.

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