refactor: componentize changes

[vados-cosmonic]

This refactoring makes a few changes to the code to make componentize-js a bit easier to debug:

• enable passing debug options all together
• enable passing where to output debug output
• split out function for easier reading

[vados-cosmonic]

Setting this to draft while #202 lands -- the functionality in here will have to change quite a bit.

[tschneidereit]

Would you by any chance be able to split this into two commits, where one only does pure movement of code that's otherwise unmodified, and the other makes whatever functional or structural changes are contained?

I started reviewing this, but found myself jumping around and trying to follow where there are real changes, vs where a function has just moved to a different location in the file, and found that very hard to do.

[tschneidereit]

(I appreciate that my last big PR to this repo did a lot of the same. I tried minimizing code movement in that, but in hindsight should nevertheless have split the movement that I did apply off into its own commit.)

[vados-cosmonic]

Definitely can do -- I'll split this into more commits so it's a bit easier

[vados-cosmonic]

Hey @tschneidereit so it turned into 8 commits 😅 -- hopefully these changes are easier to follow.