Pass scalar by reference in secp256k1_wnaf_const()

After this change, no struct or union is passed by value in the
entire codebase. This makes it easier to compile the library with
CompCert.

Author: real-or-random

src/bench_internal.c

@@ -253,7 +253,7 @@ void bench_wnaf_const(void* arg) {
     bench_inv *data = (bench_inv*)arg;
 
     for (i = 0; i < 20000; i++) {
-        secp256k1_wnaf_const(data->wnaf, data->scalar_x, WINDOW_A, 256);
+        secp256k1_wnaf_const(data->wnaf, &data->scalar_x, WINDOW_A, 256);
         secp256k1_scalar_add(&data->scalar_x, &data->scalar_x, &data->scalar_y);
     }
 }

src/ecmult_const_impl.h

@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@
  *
  *  Numbers reference steps of `Algorithm SPA-resistant Width-w NAF with Odd Scalar` on pp. 335
  */
-static int secp256k1_wnaf_const(int *wnaf, secp256k1_scalar s, int w, int size) {
+static int secp256k1_wnaf_const(int *wnaf, const secp256k1_scalar *scalar, int w, int size) {
     int global_sign;
     int skew = 0;
     int word = 0;
@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ static int secp256k1_wnaf_const(int *wnaf, secp256k1_scalar s, int w, int size)
 
     int flip;
     int bit;
-    secp256k1_scalar neg_s;
+    secp256k1_scalar s;
     int not_neg_one;
     /* Note that we cannot handle even numbers by negating them to be odd, as is
      * done in other implementations, since if our scalars were specified to have
@@ -75,12 +75,13 @@ static int secp256k1_wnaf_const(int *wnaf, secp256k1_scalar s, int w, int size)
      * {1, 2} we want to add to the scalar when ensuring that it's odd. Further
      * complicating things, -1 interacts badly with `secp256k1_scalar_cadd_bit` and
      * we need to special-case it in this logic. */
-    flip = secp256k1_scalar_is_high(&s);
+    flip = secp256k1_scalar_is_high(scalar);
     /* We add 1 to even numbers, 2 to odd ones, noting that negation flips parity */
-    bit = flip ^ !secp256k1_scalar_is_even(&s);
+    bit = flip ^ !secp256k1_scalar_is_even(scalar);
     /* We check for negative one, since adding 2 to it will cause an overflow */
-    secp256k1_scalar_negate(&neg_s, &s);
-    not_neg_one = !secp256k1_scalar_is_one(&neg_s);
+    secp256k1_scalar_negate(&s, scalar);
+    not_neg_one = !secp256k1_scalar_is_one(&s);
+    s = *scalar;
     secp256k1_scalar_cadd_bit(&s, bit, not_neg_one);
     /* If we had negative one, flip == 1, s.d[0] == 0, bit == 1, so caller expects
      * that we added two to it and flipped it. In fact for -1 these operations are
@@ -132,21 +133,20 @@ static void secp256k1_ecmult_const(secp256k1_gej *r, const secp256k1_ge *a, cons
     int wnaf_1[1 + WNAF_SIZE(WINDOW_A - 1)];
 
     int i;
-    secp256k1_scalar sc = *scalar;
 
     /* build wnaf representation for q. */
     int rsize = size;
 #ifdef USE_ENDOMORPHISM
     if (size > 128) {
         rsize = 128;
         /* split q into q_1 and q_lam (where q = q_1 + q_lam*lambda, and q_1 and q_lam are ~128 bit) */
-        secp256k1_scalar_split_lambda(&q_1, &q_lam, &sc);
-        skew_1   = secp256k1_wnaf_const(wnaf_1,   q_1,   WINDOW_A - 1, 128);
-        skew_lam = secp256k1_wnaf_const(wnaf_lam, q_lam, WINDOW_A - 1, 128);
+        secp256k1_scalar_split_lambda(&q_1, &q_lam, scalar);
+        skew_1   = secp256k1_wnaf_const(wnaf_1,   &q_1,   WINDOW_A - 1, 128);
+        skew_lam = secp256k1_wnaf_const(wnaf_lam, &q_lam, WINDOW_A - 1, 128);
     } else
 #endif
     {
-        skew_1   = secp256k1_wnaf_const(wnaf_1, sc, WINDOW_A - 1, size);
+        skew_1   = secp256k1_wnaf_const(wnaf_1, scalar, WINDOW_A - 1, size);
 #ifdef USE_ENDOMORPHISM
         skew_lam = 0;
 #endif

src/tests.c

@@ -3050,7 +3050,7 @@ void test_constant_wnaf(const secp256k1_scalar *number, int w) {
     }
     bits = 128;
 #endif
-    skew = secp256k1_wnaf_const(wnaf, num, w, bits);
+    skew = secp256k1_wnaf_const(wnaf, &num, w, bits);
 
     for (i = WNAF_SIZE_BITS(bits, w); i >= 0; --i) {
         secp256k1_scalar t;