Backports release 1.11 (#55855)

Backported PRs:
- [x] #55773 <!-- Add compat entry for `Base.donotdelete` -->
- [x] #41244 <!-- Fix shell `cd` error when working dir has been deleted
-->
- [x] #55795 <!-- fix #52986, regression in `@doc` of macro without REPL
loaded -->
- [x] #55829 <!-- [Dates] Make test more robust against non-UTC
timezones -->
- [x] #55641 <!-- fall back to slower stat filesize if optimized
filesize fails -->
- [x] #55744 <!-- fix #45494, error in ssa conversion with complex type
decl -->
- [x] #55783 <!-- use `inferencebarrier` instead of `invokelatest` for
1-arg `@assert` -->
- [x] #55739 <!-- Add `invokelatest` barrier to `string(...)` in
`@assert` -->

Need manual backport:
- [ ] #55798 <!-- Broadcast binary ops involving strided triangular -->

Contains multiple commits, manual intervention needed:
- [ ] #55509 <!-- Fix cong implementation to be properly random and not
just cycling. -->
- [ ] #55569 <!-- Add a docs section about loading/precomp/ttfx time
tuning -->
- [ ] #55824 <!-- Replace regex package module checks with actual code
checks -->

Non-merged PRs with backport label:
- [ ] #55845 <!-- privatize annotated string API, take two -->
- [ ] #55828 <!-- Fix some corner cases of `isapprox` with unsigned
integers -->
- [ ] #55813 <!-- Check for conflicting `@ccallable` name before JIT
registration -->
- [ ] #55743 <!-- doc: heap snapshot viewing -->
- [ ] #55741 <!-- Change annotations to use a NamedTuple -->
- [ ] #55534 <!-- Set stdlib sources as read-only during installation
-->
- [ ] #55499 <!-- propagate the terminal's `displaysize` to the
`IOContext` used by the REPL -->
- [ ] #55458 <!-- Allow for generically extracting unannotated string
-->
- [ ] #55457 <!-- Make AnnotateChar equality consider annotations -->
- [ ] #55453 <!-- Privatise the annotations API, for StyledStrings -->
- [ ] #55355 <!-- relocation: account for trailing path separator in
depot paths -->
- [ ] #55220 <!-- `isfile_casesensitive` fixes on Windows -->
- [ ] #55169 <!-- `propertynames` for SVD respects private argument -->
- [ ] #54457 <!-- Make `String(::Memory)` copy -->
- [ ] #53957 <!-- tweak how filtering is done for what packages should
be precompiled -->
- [ ] #51479 <!-- prevent code loading from lookin in the versioned
environment when building Julia -->
- [ ] #50813 <!-- More doctests for Sockets and capitalization fix -->
- [ ] #50157 <!-- improve docs for `@inbounds` and
`Base.@propagate_inbounds` -->

Author: KristofferC

NEWS.md

@@ -134,6 +134,10 @@ Standard library changes
   writes 4 bytes for each character, instead of writing the UTF-8 representation of each character.
   The new format is compatible with that used by `Array`, making it possible to use `read!` to get
   the data back ([#42593]).
+* It's not possible to define `length` for stateful iterators in a generally consistent manner. The
+  potential for silently incorrect results for `Stateful` iterators is addressed by deleting the
+  `length(::Stateful)` method. The last type parameter of `Stateful` is gone, too. Issue: ([#47790]),
+  PR: ([#51747]).
 
 #### StyledStrings
 

base/client.jl

@@ -41,7 +41,6 @@ function repl_cmd(cmd, out)
     if isempty(cmd.exec)
         throw(ArgumentError("no cmd to execute"))
     elseif cmd.exec[1] == "cd"
-        new_oldpwd = pwd()
         if length(cmd.exec) > 2
             throw(ArgumentError("cd method only takes one argument"))
         elseif length(cmd.exec) == 2
@@ -52,11 +51,17 @@ function repl_cmd(cmd, out)
                 end
                 dir = ENV["OLDPWD"]
             end
-            cd(dir)
         else
-            cd()
+            dir = homedir()
         end
-        ENV["OLDPWD"] = new_oldpwd
+        try
+            ENV["OLDPWD"] = pwd()
+        catch ex
+            ex isa IOError || rethrow()
+            # if current dir has been deleted, then pwd() will throw an IOError: pwd(): no such file or directory (ENOENT)
+            delete!(ENV, "OLDPWD")
+        end
+        cd(dir)
         println(out, pwd())
     else
         @static if !Sys.iswindows()

base/docs/Docs.jl

@@ -519,6 +519,10 @@ function _doc(binding::Binding, sig::Type = Union{})
             for msig in multidoc.order
                 sig <: msig && return multidoc.docs[msig]
             end
+            # if no matching signatures, return first
+            if !isempty(multidoc.docs)
+                return first(values(multidoc.docs))
+            end
         end
     end
     return nothing

base/docs/basedocs.jl

@@ -3643,6 +3643,9 @@ unused and delete the entire benchmark code).
     which the value of the arguments of this intrinsic were available (in a register,
     in memory, etc.).
 
+!!! compat "Julia 1.8"
+    This method was added in Julia 1.8.
+
 # Examples
 
 ```julia

base/error.jl

@@ -223,14 +223,16 @@ macro assert(ex, msgs...)
         msg = msg # pass-through
     elseif !isempty(msgs) && (isa(msg, Expr) || isa(msg, Symbol))
         # message is an expression needing evaluating
-        msg = :(Main.Base.string($(esc(msg))))
+        # N.B. To reduce the risk of invalidation caused by the complex callstack involved
+        # with `string`, use `inferencebarrier` here to hide this `string` from the compiler.
+        msg = :(Main.Base.inferencebarrier(Main.Base.string)($(esc(msg))))
     elseif isdefined(Main, :Base) && isdefined(Main.Base, :string) && applicable(Main.Base.string, msg)
         msg = Main.Base.string(msg)
     else
         # string() might not be defined during bootstrap
         msg = quote
             msg = $(Expr(:quote,msg))
-            isdefined(Main, :Base) ? Main.Base.string(msg) :
+            isdefined(Main, :Base) ? Main.Base.inferencebarrier(Main.Base.string)(msg) :
                 (Core.println(msg); "Error during bootstrap. See stdout.")
         end
     end

base/exports.jl

@@ -1096,15 +1096,8 @@ public
     Lockable,
     OneTo,
     LogRange,
-    AnnotatedString,
-    AnnotatedChar,
     UUID,
 
-# Annotated strings
-    annotatedstring,
-    annotate!,
-    annotations,
-
 # Semaphores
     Semaphore,
     acquire,

base/iostream.jl

@@ -224,8 +224,8 @@ end
 function filesize(s::IOStream)
     sz = @_lock_ios s ccall(:ios_filesize, Int64, (Ptr{Cvoid},), s.ios)
     if sz == -1
-        err = Libc.errno()
-        throw(IOError(string("filesize: ", Libc.strerror(err), " for ", s.name), err))
+        # if `s` is not seekable `ios_filesize` can fail, so fall back to slower stat method
+        sz = filesize(stat(s))
     end
     return sz
 end

base/strings/annotated.jl

@@ -39,13 +39,6 @@ the combined range.
 See also [`AnnotatedChar`](@ref), [`annotatedstring`](@ref),
 [`annotations`](@ref), and [`annotate!`](@ref).
 
-!!! warning
-    While the constructors are part of the Base public API, the fields
-    of `AnnotatedString` are not. This is to allow for potential future
-    changes in the implementation of this type. Instead use the
-    [`annotations`](@ref), and [`annotate!`](@ref) getter/setter
-    functions.
-
 # Constructors
 
 ```julia
@@ -81,13 +74,6 @@ More specifically, this is a simple wrapper around any other
 See also: [`AnnotatedString`](@ref), [`annotatedstring`](@ref), `annotations`,
 and `annotate!`.
 
-!!! warning
-    While the constructors are part of the Base public API, the fields
-    of `AnnotatedChar` are not. This it to allow for potential future
-    changes in the implementation of this type. Instead use the
-    [`annotations`](@ref), and [`annotate!`](@ref) getter/setter
-    functions.
-
 # Constructors
 
 ```julia