webauthn: add webdriver test

- These tests verify the full end-to-end flow, including the javascript
  code bundled in the default login and logout pages. They require a full
  web browser, with support for Virtual Authenticators for automated testing.
  At this point in time, only Chrome supports virutal authenticators.

Author: Kehrlann

config/spring-security-config.gradle

@@ -122,6 +122,8 @@ dependencies {
 		exclude group: "org.slf4j", module: "jcl-over-slf4j"
 	}
 	testImplementation libs.org.instancio.instancio.junit
+	testImplementation libs.org.eclipse.jetty.jetty.server
+	testImplementation libs.org.eclipse.jetty.jetty.servlet
 
 	testRuntimeOnly 'org.hsqldb:hsqldb'
 }

config/src/integration-test/java/org/springframework/security/config/annotation/configurers/WebAuthnWebDriverTests.java

@@ -0,0 +1,332 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2002-2024 the original author or authors.
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package org.springframework.security.config.annotation.configurers;
+
+import java.time.Duration;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.function.Supplier;
+
+import org.assertj.core.api.AbstractAssert;
+import org.assertj.core.api.AbstractStringAssert;
+import org.eclipse.jetty.server.Server;
+import org.eclipse.jetty.server.ServerConnector;
+import org.eclipse.jetty.servlet.FilterHolder;
+import org.eclipse.jetty.servlet.ServletContextHandler;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.AfterAll;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.AfterEach;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.BeforeAll;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.BeforeEach;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
+import org.openqa.selenium.By;
+import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;
+import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriverService;
+import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeOptions;
+import org.openqa.selenium.chromium.HasCdp;
+import org.openqa.selenium.devtools.HasDevTools;
+import org.openqa.selenium.remote.Augmenter;
+import org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver;
+import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.FluentWait;
+
+import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
+import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
+import org.springframework.core.env.Environment;
+import org.springframework.mock.env.MockPropertySource;
+import org.springframework.security.config.Customizer;
+import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.builders.HttpSecurity;
+import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.configuration.EnableWebSecurity;
+import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.User;
+import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UserDetailsService;
+import org.springframework.security.provisioning.InMemoryUserDetailsManager;
+import org.springframework.security.web.FilterChainProxy;
+import org.springframework.security.web.SecurityFilterChain;
+import org.springframework.web.context.support.AnnotationConfigWebApplicationContext;
+import org.springframework.web.filter.DelegatingFilterProxy;
+import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.EnableWebMvc;
+
+import static org.assertj.core.api.Assertions.assertThat;
+
+/**
+ * Webdriver-based tests for the WebAuthnConfigurer. This uses a full browser because
+ * these features require Javascript and browser APIs to be available.
+ *
+ * @author Daniel Garnier-Moiroux
+ */
+class WebAuthnWebDriverTests {
+
+	private String baseUrl;
+
+	private static ChromeDriverService driverService;
+
+	private Server server;
+
+	private RemoteWebDriver driver;
+
+	private static final String USERNAME = "user";
+
+	private static final String PASSWORD = "password";
+
+	@BeforeAll
+	static void startChromeDriverService() throws Exception {
+		driverService = new ChromeDriverService.Builder().usingAnyFreePort().build();
+		driverService.start();
+	}
+
+	@AfterAll
+	static void stopChromeDriverService() {
+		driverService.stop();
+	}
+
+	@BeforeEach
+	void startServer() throws Exception {
+		// Create the server on port 8080
+		this.server = new Server(0);
+
+		// Set up the ServletContextHandler
+		ServletContextHandler contextHandler = new ServletContextHandler(ServletContextHandler.SESSIONS);
+		contextHandler.setContextPath("/");
+		this.server.setHandler(contextHandler);
+		this.server.start();
+		int serverPort = ((ServerConnector) this.server.getConnectors()[0]).getLocalPort();
+		this.baseUrl = "http://localhost:" + serverPort;
+
+		// Set up Spring application context
+		AnnotationConfigWebApplicationContext applicationContext = new AnnotationConfigWebApplicationContext();
+		applicationContext.register(WebAuthnConfiguration.class);
+		applicationContext.setServletContext(contextHandler.getServletContext());
+
+		// Add the server port
+		MockPropertySource propertySource = new MockPropertySource().withProperty("server.port", serverPort);
+		applicationContext.getEnvironment().getPropertySources().addFirst(propertySource);
+
+		// Register the filter chain
+		DelegatingFilterProxy filterProxy = new DelegatingFilterProxy("securityFilterChain", applicationContext);
+		FilterHolder filterHolder = new FilterHolder(filterProxy);
+		contextHandler.addFilter(filterHolder, "/*", null);
+	}
+
+	@AfterEach
+	void stopServer() throws Exception {
+		this.server.stop();
+	}
+
+	@BeforeEach
+	void setupDriver() {
+		ChromeOptions options = new ChromeOptions();
+		options.addArguments("--headless=new");
+		RemoteWebDriver baseDriver = new RemoteWebDriver(driverService.getUrl(), options);
+		// Enable dev tools
+		this.driver = (RemoteWebDriver) new Augmenter().augment(baseDriver);
+		this.driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(Duration.ofSeconds(1));
+	}
+
+	@AfterEach
+	void cleanupDriver() {
+		this.driver.quit();
+	}
+
+	@Test
+	void loginWhenNoValidAuthenticatorCredentialsThenRejects() {
+		createVirtualAuthenticator(true);
+		this.driver.get(this.baseUrl);
+		this.driver.findElement(signinWithPasskeyButton()).click();
+		await(() -> assertThat(this.driver.getCurrentUrl()).endsWith("/login?error"));
+	}
+
+	@Test
+	void registerWhenNoLabelThenRejects() {
+		login();
+
+		this.driver.get(this.baseUrl + "/webauthn/register");
+
+		this.driver.findElement(registerPasskeyButton()).click();
+		assertHasAlertStartingWith("error", "Error: Passkey Label is required");
+	}
+
+	@Test
+	void registerWhenAuthenticatorNoUserVerificationThenRejects() {
+		createVirtualAuthenticator(false);
+		login();
+		this.driver.get(this.baseUrl + "/webauthn/register");
+		this.driver.findElement(passkeyLabel()).sendKeys("Virtual authenticator");
+		this.driver.findElement(registerPasskeyButton()).click();
+
+		await(() -> assertHasAlertStartingWith("error",
+				"Registration failed. Call to navigator.credentials.create failed:"));
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Test in 4 steps to verify the end-to-end flow of registering an authenticator and
+	 * using it to register.
+	 * <ul>
+	 * <li>Step 1: Log in with username / password</li>
+	 * <li>Step 2: Register a credential from the virtual authenticator</li>
+	 * <li>Step 3: Log out</li>
+	 * <li>Step 4: Log in with the authenticator</li>
+	 * </ul>
+	 */
+	@Test
+	void loginWhenAuthenticatorRegisteredThenSuccess() {
+		// Setup
+		createVirtualAuthenticator(true);
+
+		// Step 1: log in with username / password
+		login();
+
+		// Step 2: register a credential from the virtual authenticator
+		this.driver.get(this.baseUrl + "/webauthn/register");
+		this.driver.findElement(passkeyLabel()).sendKeys("Virtual authenticator");
+		this.driver.findElement(registerPasskeyButton()).click();
+
+		await(() -> assertHasAlertStartingWith("success", "Success!"));
+
+		List<WebElement> passkeyRows = this.driver.findElements(passkeyTableRows());
+		assertThat(passkeyRows).hasSize(1)
+			.first()
+			.extracting((row) -> row.findElement(firstCell()))
+			.extracting(WebElement::getText)
+			.isEqualTo("Virtual authenticator");
+
+		// Step 3: log out
+		logout();
+
+		// Step 4: log in with the virtual authenticator
+		this.driver.get(this.baseUrl + "/webauthn/register");
+		this.driver.findElement(signinWithPasskeyButton()).click();
+		await(() -> assertThat(this.driver.getCurrentUrl()).endsWith("/webauthn/register?continue"));
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Add a virtual authenticator.
+	 * <p>
+	 * Note that Selenium docs for {@link HasCdp} strongly encourage to use
+	 * {@link HasDevTools} instead. However, devtools require more dependencies and
+	 * boilerplate, notably to sync the Devtools-CDP version with the current browser
+	 * version, whereas CDP runs out of the box.
+	 * <p>
+	 * @param userIsVerified whether the authenticator simulates user verification.
+	 * Setting it to false will make the ceremonies fail.
+	 * @see <a href=
+	 * "https://chromedevtools.github.io/devtools-protocol/tot/WebAuthn/">https://chromedevtools.github.io/devtools-protocol/tot/WebAuthn/</a>
+	 */
+	private void createVirtualAuthenticator(boolean userIsVerified) {
+		HasCdp cdpDriver = (HasCdp) this.driver;
+		cdpDriver.executeCdpCommand("WebAuthn.enable", Map.of("enableUI", false));
+		// this.driver.addVirtualAuthenticator(createVirtualAuthenticatorOptions());
+		//@formatter:off
+		cdpDriver.executeCdpCommand("WebAuthn.addVirtualAuthenticator",
+				Map.of(
+						"options",
+						Map.of(
+								"protocol", "ctap2",
+								"transport", "usb",
+								"hasUserVerification", true,
+								"hasResidentKey", true,
+								"isUserVerified", userIsVerified,
+								"automaticPresenceSimulation", true
+						)
+				));
+		//@formatter:on
+	}
+
+	private void login() {
+		this.driver.get(this.baseUrl);
+		this.driver.findElement(new By.ById("username")).sendKeys(USERNAME);
+		this.driver.findElement(new By.ById(PASSWORD)).sendKeys(PASSWORD);
+		this.driver.findElement(new By.ByCssSelector("form > button[type=\"submit\"]")).click();
+	}
+
+	private void logout() {
+		this.driver.get(this.baseUrl + "/logout");
+		this.driver.findElement(new By.ByCssSelector("button")).click();
+		await(() -> assertThat(this.driver.getCurrentUrl()).endsWith("/login?logout"));
+	}
+
+	private AbstractStringAssert<?> assertHasAlertStartingWith(String alertType, String alertMessage) {
+		WebElement alert = this.driver.findElement(new By.ById(alertType));
+		assertThat(alert.isDisplayed())
+			.withFailMessage(
+					() -> alertType + " alert was not displayed. Full page source:\n\n" + this.driver.getPageSource())
+			.isTrue();
+
+		return assertThat(alert.getText()).startsWith(alertMessage);
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Await until the assertion passes. If the assertion fails, it will display the
+	 * assertion error in stdout.
+	 */
+	private void await(Supplier<AbstractAssert<?, ?>> assertion) {
+		new FluentWait<>(this.driver).withTimeout(Duration.ofSeconds(2))
+			.pollingEvery(Duration.ofMillis(100))
+			.ignoring(AssertionError.class)
+			.until((d) -> {
+				assertion.get();
+				return true;
+			});
+	}
+
+	private static By.ById passkeyLabel() {
+		return new By.ById("label");
+	}
+
+	private static By.ById registerPasskeyButton() {
+		return new By.ById("register");
+	}
+
+	private static By.ById signinWithPasskeyButton() {
+		return new By.ById("passkey-signin");
+	}
+
+	private static By.ByCssSelector passkeyTableRows() {
+		return new By.ByCssSelector("table > tbody > tr");
+	}
+
+	private static By.ByCssSelector firstCell() {
+		return new By.ByCssSelector("td:first-child");
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * The configuration for WebAuthN tests. It accesses the Server's current port, so we
+	 * can configurer WebAuthnConfigurer#allowedOrigin
+	 */
+	@Configuration
+	@EnableWebMvc
+	@EnableWebSecurity
+	static class WebAuthnConfiguration {
+
+		@Bean
+		UserDetailsService userDetailsService() {
+			return new InMemoryUserDetailsManager(
+					User.withDefaultPasswordEncoder().username(USERNAME).password(PASSWORD).build());
+		}
+
+		@Bean
+		FilterChainProxy securityFilterChain(HttpSecurity http, Environment environment) throws Exception {
+			SecurityFilterChain securityFilterChain = http
+				.authorizeHttpRequests((auth) -> auth.anyRequest().authenticated())
+				.formLogin(Customizer.withDefaults())
+				.webAuthn((passkeys) -> passkeys.rpId("localhost")
+					.rpName("Spring Security WebAuthN tests")
+					.allowedOrigins("http://localhost:" + environment.getProperty("server.port")))
+				.build();
+			return new FilterChainProxy(securityFilterChain);
+		}
+
+	}
+
+}