gh-40761: src/sage/plot/plot.py: fix random test failure

One test in this file can fail because the wrong number of graphics
primitives are rendered. The test is using `detect_poles="show"`, which
detects poles using a slope tolerance for jumps from negative to
positive, or vice-versa. The function in question has a jump from
negative to positive, and the problem arises when our plot points are
randomly generated close enough to the jump that it looks like a pole.
The extra graphics primitive is a rendering of the "pole."

To fix it, we change the domain of the plot to exclude the jump from
negative to positive. There are still jumps around points that have been
excluded from the plot, and at least one pole is still shown, so the
purpose of the test has not been defeated.

This does not fix the underlying problem that `detect_poles="show"` is
non-deterministic, and rather simplistic. I have opened
#40760 to track that.

### Fixes

* #33129
* #34772
* #35470

URL: #40761
Reported by: Michael Orlitzky
Reviewer(s):

Author: Release Manager

build/pkgs/configure/checksums.ini

@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
 tarball=configure-VERSION.tar.gz
-sha1=0b15812b968c24c0c67a2dc4497427a0d5395d12
-sha256=a80101c084c47be664697335900274b26432e73ce80bedbf03f1ef37f4356fc5
+sha1=77a2ef0623f1d6a9dfeff95ba128d9612da16e76
+sha256=fb537020686c3b15ec1a9630d978a90ba8f7ec331394f04c52982c8f038b23a3

build/pkgs/configure/package-version.txt

@@ -1 +1 @@
-cbf32b0a7b5d2df54f7b9f89a14e885499bd0953
+69534e8b4c4d38786f2bb28dccd6bc155acdf3d0

src/sage/plot/plot.py

@@ -1854,9 +1854,9 @@ def g(x): return x**2-2*x-2
     ``exclude`` and ``detect_poles`` can be used together::
 
         sage: f(x) = (floor(x)+0.5) / (1-(x-0.5)^2)
-        sage: plot(f, (x, -3.5, 3.5), detect_poles='show', exclude=[-3..3],
+        sage: plot(f, (x, 0, 3.5), detect_poles='show', exclude=[1,2,3],
         ....:      ymin=-5, ymax=5)
-        Graphics object consisting of 12 graphics primitives
+        Graphics object consisting of 6 graphics primitives
 
     .. PLOT::