Add CI shell scripts

We would like to put all the CI scripts in a single place instead of
copied to each repository.

Add a `ci/` directory and in it a `run_task.sh` script as well as
auxilary scripts required. Include a README to document the directory.

Author: tcharding

ci/README.md

@@ -0,0 +1,115 @@
+# CI tools
+
+Continuous Integration tools used by the `rust-bitcoin` org.
+
+#### Table Of Contents
+
+- [Lock files](#lock-files)
+  * [Pinning](#dependency-pinning)
+- [Workflows](#workflows)
+- [get_matrix.sh](#get_matrix.sh)
+- [test_vars.sh](#test_vars.sh)
+- [run_task.sh](#run_task.sh)
+  * [Environment variables](#environment-variables)
+  * [Integration tests](#integration-tests)
+  * [Crate specific tests](#crate-specific-tests)
+  * [Fuzzing](#fuzzing)
+
+## Lock files
+
+All repositories MUST include a minimal and recent lock file:
+
+- `Cargo-recent.lock`: A manifest with some recent versions numbers that pass CI.
+- `Cargo-minimal.lock`: A manifest with some minimal version numbers that pass CI.
+
+The `run_taks.sh` script invokes copies each to `Cargo.toml` and uses `cargo --locked`.
+
+### Crates
+
+All repositories MUST include a file `crates.sh` that declares the crates to be tested.
+```bash
+#!/usr/bin/env bash
+
+# Crates in this workspace to test (excl. fuzz an integration-tests).
+CRATES="json client"
+```
+
+### Pinning
+
+If MSRV build requires pinning of any dependencies then a `contrib/pin.sh` script should be present
+in the repository, for example:
+
+```yaml
+#!/usr/bin/env bash
+#
+# Do pinning as required for current MSRV.
+
+set -euo pipefail
+
+cargo update -p cc --precise 1.0.79
+```
+
+
+## Workflows
+
+If you want to use a specific version of nightly then use:
+
+```yml
+  Prepare:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    outputs:
+      nightly_version: ${{ steps.read_toolchain.outputs.nightly_version }}
+    steps:
+      - name: "Checkout repo"
+        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - name: "Read nightly version"
+        id: read_toolchain
+        run: echo "nightly_version=$(cat nightly-version)" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
+```
+
+## get_matrix.sh
+
+Used by the `run_task.sh` script, you should not need to touch this file directly.
+
+## run_task.sh
+
+Used by github actions to run a CI job, can also be run from the terminal.
+
+See `run_task.sh --help` for available tasks.
+
+### Environment variables
+
+All crates MUST include a file `contrib/test_vars.sh`
+
+```bash
+#!/usr/bin/env bash
+
+# Test all these features with "std" enabled.
+FEATURES_WITH_STD=""
+
+# Test all these features without "std" enabled.
+FEATURES_WITHOUT_STD=""
+
+# Run these examples.
+EXAMPLES=""
+```
+
+`EXAMPLES` string is of format:
+```bash
+"EXAMPLE_1:FEATURE_A,FEATURE_B EXAMPLE_2:FEATURE_C"
+```
+
+### Integration tests
+
+The `integration` task expects to find a directory called `integration-tests` and runs the file
+within it called `run.sh`.
+
+### Crate specific tests
+
+Additional, crate specific, tests can be put in an optional `contrib/extra_tests.sh` file, which is
+expected to be a normal `bash` file (including exit non-zero on failure).
+
+### Fuzzing
+
+Fuzz tests are expected to be in a crate called `fuzz/`. The `run_task.sh` script just builds
+the fuzz crate as a sanity check.