diff --git a/docs/api.rst b/docs/api.rst
index fef2985..4541397 100644
--- a/docs/api.rst
+++ b/docs/api.rst
@@ -211,6 +211,18 @@ PyObject
 
    See `PyObject_CallOneArg() documentation <https://docs.python.org/dev/c-api/call.html#c.PyObject_CallOneArg>`__.
 
+.. c:function:: PyObject* PyObject_Vectorcall(PyObject *callable, PyObject *const *args, size_t nargsf, PyObject *kwnames)
+
+   See `PyObject_Vectorcall() documentation <https://docs.python.org/dev/c-api/call.html#c.PyObject_Vectorcall>`__.
+
+.. c:function:: Py_ssize_t PyVectorcall_NARGS(size_t nargsf)
+
+   See `PyVectorcall_NARGS() documentation <https://docs.python.org/dev/c-api/call.html#c.PyVectorcall_NARGS>`__.
+
+.. c:macro:: PY_VECTORCALL_ARGUMENTS_OFFSET
+
+   See `PY_VECTORCALL_ARGUMENTS_OFFSET documentation <https://docs.python.org/dev/c-api/call.html#PY_VECTORCALL_ARGUMENTS_OFFSET>`__.
+
 
 PyFrameObject
 ^^^^^^^^^^^^^
diff --git a/docs/changelog.rst b/docs/changelog.rst
index e95be94..2154d37 100644
--- a/docs/changelog.rst
+++ b/docs/changelog.rst
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 Changelog
 =========
 
+* 2023-07-05: Add ``PyObject_Vectorcall()`` function.
 * 2023-06-21: Add ``PyWeakref_GetRef()`` function.
 * 2023-06-20: Add ``PyImport_AddModuleRef()`` function.
 * 2022-11-15: Add experimental operations to the ``upgrade_pythoncapi.py``
diff --git a/pythoncapi_compat.h b/pythoncapi_compat.h
index 4276d8c..17d5219 100644
--- a/pythoncapi_compat.h
+++ b/pythoncapi_compat.h
@@ -608,6 +608,96 @@ PyWeakref_GetRef(PyObject *ref, PyObject **pobj)
 #endif
 
 
+// bpo-36974 added PY_VECTORCALL_ARGUMENTS_OFFSET to Python 3.8b1
+#ifndef PY_VECTORCALL_ARGUMENTS_OFFSET
+#  define PY_VECTORCALL_ARGUMENTS_OFFSET (_Py_CAST(size_t, 1) << (8 * sizeof(size_t) - 1))
+#endif
+
+// bpo-36974 added PyVectorcall_NARGS() to Python 3.8b1
+#if PY_VERSION_HEX < 0x030800B1
+static inline Py_ssize_t
+PyVectorcall_NARGS(size_t n)
+{
+    return n & ~PY_VECTORCALL_ARGUMENTS_OFFSET;
+}
+#endif
+
+
+// gh-105922 added PyObject_Vectorcall() to Python 3.9.0a4
+#if PY_VERSION_HEX < 0x030900A4
+PYCAPI_COMPAT_STATIC_INLINE(PyObject*)
+PyObject_Vectorcall(PyObject *callable, PyObject *const *args,
+                     size_t nargsf, PyObject *kwnames)
+{
+#if PY_VERSION_HEX >= 0x030800B1 && !defined(PYPY_VERSION)
+    // bpo-36974 added _PyObject_Vectorcall() to Python 3.8.0b1
+    return _PyObject_Vectorcall(callable, args, nargsf, kwnames);
+#else
+    PyObject *posargs = NULL, *kwargs = NULL;
+    PyObject *res;
+    Py_ssize_t nposargs, nkwargs, i;
+
+    if (nargsf != 0 && args == NULL) {
+        PyErr_BadInternalCall();
+        goto error;
+    }
+    if (kwnames != NULL && !PyTuple_Check(kwnames)) {
+        PyErr_BadInternalCall();
+        goto error;
+    }
+
+    nposargs = (Py_ssize_t)PyVectorcall_NARGS(nargsf);
+    if (kwnames) {
+        nkwargs = PyTuple_GET_SIZE(kwnames);
+    }
+    else {
+        nkwargs = 0;
+    }
+
+    posargs = PyTuple_New(nposargs);
+    if (posargs == NULL) {
+        goto error;
+    }
+    if (nposargs) {
+        for (i=0; i < nposargs; i++) {
+            PyTuple_SET_ITEM(posargs, i, Py_NewRef(*args));
+            args++;
+        }
+    }
+
+    if (nkwargs) {
+        kwargs = PyDict_New();
+        if (kwargs == NULL) {
+            goto error;
+        }
+
+        for (i = 0; i < nkwargs; i++) {
+            PyObject *key = PyTuple_GET_ITEM(kwnames, i);
+            PyObject *value = *args;
+            args++;
+            if (PyDict_SetItem(kwargs, key, value) < 0) {
+                goto error;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    else {
+        kwargs = NULL;
+    }
+
+    res = PyObject_Call(callable, posargs, kwargs);
+    Py_DECREF(posargs);
+    Py_XDECREF(kwargs);
+    return res;
+
+error:
+    Py_DECREF(posargs);
+    Py_XDECREF(kwargs);
+    return NULL;
+#endif
+}
+#endif
+
+
 #ifdef __cplusplus
 }
 #endif
diff --git a/tests/test_pythoncapi_compat_cext.c b/tests/test_pythoncapi_compat_cext.c
index a3aa74d..5505911 100644
--- a/tests/test_pythoncapi_compat_cext.c
+++ b/tests/test_pythoncapi_compat_cext.c
@@ -685,6 +685,31 @@ gc_collect(void)
 }
 
 
+static PyObject *
+func_varargs(PyObject *Py_UNUSED(module), PyObject *args, PyObject *kwargs)
+{
+    if (kwargs != NULL) {
+        return PyTuple_Pack(2, args, kwargs);
+    }
+    else {
+        return PyTuple_Pack(1, args);
+    }
+}
+
+
+static void
+check_int(PyObject *obj, int value)
+{
+#ifdef PYTHON3
+    assert(PyLong_Check(obj));
+    assert(PyLong_AsLong(obj) == value);
+#else
+    assert(PyInt_Check(obj));
+    assert(PyInt_AsLong(obj) == value);
+#endif
+}
+
+
 static PyObject *
 test_weakref(PyObject *Py_UNUSED(module), PyObject *Py_UNUSED(args))
 {
@@ -743,7 +768,164 @@ test_weakref(PyObject *Py_UNUSED(module), PyObject *Py_UNUSED(args))
 #endif
 
     Py_DECREF(weakref);
+    Py_RETURN_NONE;
+}
+
+
+static void
+test_vectorcall_noargs(PyObject *func_varargs)
+{
+    PyObject *res = PyObject_Vectorcall(func_varargs, NULL, 0, NULL);
+    assert(res != NULL);
+
+    assert(PyTuple_Check(res));
+    assert(PyTuple_GET_SIZE(res) == 1);
+    PyObject *posargs = PyTuple_GET_ITEM(res, 0);
+
+    assert(PyTuple_Check(posargs));
+    assert(PyTuple_GET_SIZE(posargs) == 0);
+
+    Py_DECREF(res);
+}
+
+
+static void
+test_vectorcall_args(PyObject *func_varargs)
+{
+    PyObject *args_tuple = Py_BuildValue("ii", 1, 2);
+    assert(args_tuple != NULL);
+    size_t nargs = (size_t)PyTuple_GET_SIZE(args_tuple);
+    PyObject **args = &PyTuple_GET_ITEM(args_tuple, 0);
+
+    PyObject *res = PyObject_Vectorcall(func_varargs, args, nargs, NULL);
+    Py_DECREF(args_tuple);
+    assert(res != NULL);
+
+    assert(PyTuple_Check(res));
+    assert(PyTuple_GET_SIZE(res) == 1);
+    PyObject *posargs = PyTuple_GET_ITEM(res, 0);
+
+    assert(PyTuple_Check(posargs));
+    assert(PyTuple_GET_SIZE(posargs) == 2);
+    check_int(PyTuple_GET_ITEM(posargs, 0), 1);
+    check_int(PyTuple_GET_ITEM(posargs, 1), 2);
+
+    Py_DECREF(res);
+}
+
+
+static void
+test_vectorcall_args_offset(PyObject *func_varargs)
+{
+    // args contains 3 values, but only pass 2 last values
+    PyObject *args_tuple = Py_BuildValue("iii", 1, 2, 3);
+    assert(args_tuple != NULL);
+    size_t nargs = 2 | PY_VECTORCALL_ARGUMENTS_OFFSET;
+    PyObject **args = &PyTuple_GET_ITEM(args_tuple, 1);
+    PyObject *arg0 = PyTuple_GET_ITEM(args_tuple, 0);
+
+    PyObject *res = PyObject_Vectorcall(func_varargs, args, nargs, NULL);
+    assert(PyTuple_GET_ITEM(args_tuple, 0) == arg0);
+    Py_DECREF(args_tuple);
+    assert(res != NULL);
+
+    assert(PyTuple_Check(res));
+    assert(PyTuple_GET_SIZE(res) == 1);
+    PyObject *posargs = PyTuple_GET_ITEM(res, 0);
+
+    assert(PyTuple_Check(posargs));
+    assert(PyTuple_GET_SIZE(posargs) == 2);
+    check_int(PyTuple_GET_ITEM(posargs, 0), 2);
+    check_int(PyTuple_GET_ITEM(posargs, 1), 3);
+
+    Py_DECREF(res);
+}
+
+
+static void
+test_vectorcall_args_kwnames(PyObject *func_varargs)
+{
+    PyObject *args_tuple = Py_BuildValue("iiiii", 1, 2, 3, 4, 5);
+    assert(args_tuple != NULL);
+    PyObject **args = &PyTuple_GET_ITEM(args_tuple, 0);
+
+#ifdef PYTHON3
+    PyObject *key1 = PyUnicode_FromString("key1");
+    PyObject *key2 = PyUnicode_FromString("key2");
+#else
+    PyObject *key1 = PyString_FromString("key1");
+    PyObject *key2 = PyString_FromString("key2");
+#endif
+    assert(key1 != NULL);
+    assert(key2 != NULL);
+    PyObject *kwnames = PyTuple_Pack(2, key1, key2);
+    assert(kwnames != NULL);
+    size_t nargs = (size_t)(PyTuple_GET_SIZE(args_tuple) - PyTuple_GET_SIZE(kwnames));
+
+    PyObject *res = PyObject_Vectorcall(func_varargs, args, nargs, kwnames);
+    Py_DECREF(args_tuple);
+    Py_DECREF(kwnames);
+    assert(res != NULL);
+
+    assert(PyTuple_Check(res));
+    assert(PyTuple_GET_SIZE(res) == 2);
+    PyObject *posargs = PyTuple_GET_ITEM(res, 0);
+    PyObject *kwargs = PyTuple_GET_ITEM(res, 1);
+
+    assert(PyTuple_Check(posargs));
+    assert(PyTuple_GET_SIZE(posargs) == 3);
+    check_int(PyTuple_GET_ITEM(posargs, 0), 1);
+    check_int(PyTuple_GET_ITEM(posargs, 1), 2);
+    check_int(PyTuple_GET_ITEM(posargs, 2), 3);
+
+    assert(PyDict_Check(kwargs));
+    assert(PyDict_Size(kwargs) == 2);
+
+    Py_ssize_t pos = 0;
+    PyObject *key, *value;
+    while (PyDict_Next(kwargs, &pos, &key, &value)) {
+#ifdef PYTHON3
+        assert(PyUnicode_Check(key));
+#else
+        assert(PyString_Check(key));
+#endif
+        if (PyObject_RichCompareBool(key, key1, Py_EQ)) {
+            check_int(value, 4);
+        }
+        else {
+            assert(PyObject_RichCompareBool(key, key2, Py_EQ));
+            check_int(value, 5);
+        }
+    }
+
+    Py_DECREF(res);
+    Py_DECREF(key1);
+    Py_DECREF(key2);
+}
+
+
+static PyObject *
+test_vectorcall(PyObject *module, PyObject *Py_UNUSED(args))
+{
+#ifndef PYTHON3
+    module = PyImport_ImportModule(MODULE_NAME_STR);
+    assert(module != NULL);
+#endif
+    PyObject *func_varargs = PyObject_GetAttrString(module, "func_varargs");
+#ifndef PYTHON3
+    Py_DECREF(module);
+#endif
+    if (func_varargs == NULL) {
+        return NULL;
+    }
+
+    // test PyObject_Vectorcall()
+    test_vectorcall_noargs(func_varargs);
+    test_vectorcall_args(func_varargs);
+    test_vectorcall_args_offset(func_varargs);
+    test_vectorcall_args_kwnames(func_varargs);
 
+    Py_DECREF(func_varargs);
     Py_RETURN_NONE;
 }
 
@@ -768,6 +950,8 @@ static struct PyMethodDef methods[] = {
     {"test_api_casts", test_api_casts, METH_NOARGS, _Py_NULL},
     {"test_import", test_import, METH_NOARGS, _Py_NULL},
     {"test_weakref", test_weakref, METH_NOARGS, _Py_NULL},
+    {"func_varargs", (PyCFunction)(void*)func_varargs, METH_VARARGS | METH_KEYWORDS, _Py_NULL},
+    {"test_vectorcall", test_vectorcall, METH_NOARGS, _Py_NULL},
     {_Py_NULL, _Py_NULL, 0, _Py_NULL}
 };