diff --git a/Lib/test/test_opcache.py b/Lib/test/test_opcache.py
index c4fcc1993ca627..aeb4de6caa527d 100644
--- a/Lib/test/test_opcache.py
+++ b/Lib/test/test_opcache.py
@@ -1155,6 +1155,24 @@ class D(dict): pass
             {'a':1, 'b':2}
         )
 
+    def test_store_attr_with_hint(self):
+        # gh-133441: Regression test for STORE_ATTR_WITH_HINT bytecode
+        class Node:
+            def __init__(self):
+                self.parents = {}
+
+            def __setstate__(self, data_dict):
+                self.__dict__ = data_dict
+                self.parents = {}
+
+        class Dict(dict):
+            pass
+
+        obj = Node()
+        obj.__setstate__({'parents': {}})
+        obj.__setstate__({'parents': {}})
+        obj.__setstate__(Dict({'parents': {}}))
+
 
 if __name__ == "__main__":
     unittest.main()
diff --git a/Misc/NEWS.d/next/Core_and_Builtins/2025-05-05-17-02-08.gh-issue-133441.EpjHD4.rst b/Misc/NEWS.d/next/Core_and_Builtins/2025-05-05-17-02-08.gh-issue-133441.EpjHD4.rst
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000000..4e893045b1d60e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Misc/NEWS.d/next/Core_and_Builtins/2025-05-05-17-02-08.gh-issue-133441.EpjHD4.rst
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+Fix crash upon setting an attribute with a :class:`dict` subclass.
+Patch by Victor Stinner.
diff --git a/Python/bytecodes.c b/Python/bytecodes.c
index 6d5a42943b0d98..1da434bbbc892a 100644
--- a/Python/bytecodes.c
+++ b/Python/bytecodes.c
@@ -2149,7 +2149,8 @@ dummy_func(
             assert(tp->tp_flags & Py_TPFLAGS_MANAGED_DICT);
             PyDictObject *dict = _PyObject_GetManagedDict(owner);
             DEOPT_IF(dict == NULL);
-            assert(PyDict_CheckExact((PyObject *)dict));
+            DEOPT_IF(!PyDict_CheckExact((PyObject *)dict));
+
             PyObject *name = GETITEM(FRAME_CO_NAMES, oparg);
             DEOPT_IF(hint >= (size_t)dict->ma_keys->dk_nentries);
             PyObject *old_value;
diff --git a/Python/generated_cases.c.h b/Python/generated_cases.c.h
index 9665774cf9c03c..be00bf6eb6a39e 100644
--- a/Python/generated_cases.c.h
+++ b/Python/generated_cases.c.h
@@ -5591,7 +5591,7 @@
             assert(tp->tp_flags & Py_TPFLAGS_MANAGED_DICT);
             PyDictObject *dict = _PyObject_GetManagedDict(owner);
             DEOPT_IF(dict == NULL, STORE_ATTR);
-            assert(PyDict_CheckExact((PyObject *)dict));
+            DEOPT_IF(!PyDict_CheckExact((PyObject *)dict), STORE_ATTR);
             PyObject *name = GETITEM(FRAME_CO_NAMES, oparg);
             DEOPT_IF(hint >= (size_t)dict->ma_keys->dk_nentries, STORE_ATTR);
             PyObject *old_value;