diff --git a/Lib/glob.py b/Lib/glob.py
index 4a335a10766cf4..bfacdae17c7ece 100644
--- a/Lib/glob.py
+++ b/Lib/glob.py
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 """Filename globbing utility."""
 
 import contextlib
+import errno
 import os
 import re
 import fnmatch
@@ -169,7 +170,9 @@ def _iterdir(dirname, dir_fd, dironly):
         finally:
             if fd is not None:
                 os.close(fd)
-    except OSError:
+    except OSError as e:
+        if e.errno == errno.EMFILE:
+            raise
         return
 
 def _listdir(dirname, dir_fd, dironly):
diff --git a/Lib/test/test_glob.py b/Lib/test/test_glob.py
index aa5fac8eca1354..4720810d1d737e 100644
--- a/Lib/test/test_glob.py
+++ b/Lib/test/test_glob.py
@@ -4,6 +4,8 @@
 import shutil
 import sys
 import unittest
+from errno import EMFILE
+from unittest import mock
 
 from test.support.os_helper import (TESTFN, skip_unless_symlink,
                                     can_symlink, create_empty_file, change_cwd)
@@ -350,6 +352,12 @@ def test_glob_many_open_files(self):
             for it in iters:
                 self.assertEqual(next(it), p)
 
+    def test_glob_too_many_open_files(self):
+        with mock.patch('os.scandir') as mocked_func:
+            mocked_func.side_effect = OSError(EMFILE, os.strerror(EMFILE), '.')
+
+            self.assertRaises(OSError, glob.glob, '*')
+
     def test_translate_matching(self):
         match = re.compile(glob.translate('*')).match
         self.assertIsNotNone(match('foo'))
diff --git a/Misc/NEWS.d/next/Library/2023-09-17-22-56-49.gh-issue-103501.qbepu7.rst b/Misc/NEWS.d/next/Library/2023-09-17-22-56-49.gh-issue-103501.qbepu7.rst
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000000..1c53aea320f2e2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Misc/NEWS.d/next/Library/2023-09-17-22-56-49.gh-issue-103501.qbepu7.rst
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+Raise :exc:`OSError` instead of return ``[]`` in :func:`glob.glob` when max open
+file limit reached.