diff --git a/pandas/_libs/lib.pyx b/pandas/_libs/lib.pyx
index 67e0224b64d7f..5b705e80f97f5 100644
--- a/pandas/_libs/lib.pyx
+++ b/pandas/_libs/lib.pyx
@@ -25,7 +25,6 @@ from cpython.object cimport (
     Py_EQ,
     PyObject,
     PyObject_RichCompareBool,
-    PyTypeObject,
 )
 from cpython.ref cimport Py_INCREF
 from cpython.sequence cimport PySequence_Check
@@ -67,10 +66,6 @@ from numpy cimport (
 
 cnp.import_array()
 
-cdef extern from "Python.h":
-    # Note: importing extern-style allows us to declare these as nogil
-    # functions, whereas `from cpython cimport` does not.
-    bint PyObject_TypeCheck(object obj, PyTypeObject* type) nogil
 
 cdef extern from "numpy/arrayobject.h":
     # cython's numpy.dtype specification is incorrect, which leads to
@@ -89,9 +84,6 @@ cdef extern from "numpy/arrayobject.h":
             object fields
             tuple names
 
-    PyTypeObject PySignedIntegerArrType_Type
-    PyTypeObject PyUnsignedIntegerArrType_Type
-
 cdef extern from "pandas/parser/pd_parser.h":
     int floatify(object, float64_t *result, int *maybe_int) except -1
     void PandasParser_IMPORT()
@@ -1437,14 +1429,12 @@ cdef class Seen:
         self.sint_ = (
             self.sint_
             or (oINT64_MIN <= val < 0)
-            # Cython equivalent of `isinstance(val, np.signedinteger)`
-            or PyObject_TypeCheck(val, &PySignedIntegerArrType_Type)
+            or isinstance(val, cnp.signedinteger)
         )
         self.uint_ = (
             self.uint_
             or (oINT64_MAX < val <= oUINT64_MAX)
-            # Cython equivalent of `isinstance(val, np.unsignedinteger)`
-            or PyObject_TypeCheck(val, &PyUnsignedIntegerArrType_Type)
+            or isinstance(val, cnp.unsignedinteger)
         )
 
     @property
diff --git a/pandas/_libs/tslibs/util.pxd b/pandas/_libs/tslibs/util.pxd
index 44ff322060dcb..2c39a2b4699b2 100644
--- a/pandas/_libs/tslibs/util.pxd
+++ b/pandas/_libs/tslibs/util.pxd
@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@ cdef extern from "Python.h":
     object PyUnicode_DecodeLocale(const char *str, const char *errors) nogil
 
 
+cimport numpy as cnp
 from numpy cimport (
     PyArray_Check,
     float64_t,
@@ -54,7 +55,7 @@ cdef inline bint is_integer_object(object obj) noexcept:
     """
     Cython equivalent of
 
-    `isinstance(val, (int, long, np.integer)) and not isinstance(val, bool)`
+    `isinstance(val, (int, np.integer)) and not isinstance(val, (bool, np.timedelta64))`
 
     Parameters
     ----------
@@ -68,13 +69,13 @@ cdef inline bint is_integer_object(object obj) noexcept:
     -----
     This counts np.timedelta64 objects as integers.
     """
-    return (not PyBool_Check(obj) and PyArray_IsIntegerScalar(obj)
+    return (not PyBool_Check(obj) and isinstance(obj, (int, cnp.integer))
             and not is_timedelta64_object(obj))
 
 
 cdef inline bint is_float_object(object obj) noexcept nogil:
     """
-    Cython equivalent of `isinstance(val, (float, np.float64))`
+    Cython equivalent of `isinstance(val, (float, np.floating))`
 
     Parameters
     ----------
@@ -90,7 +91,7 @@ cdef inline bint is_float_object(object obj) noexcept nogil:
 
 cdef inline bint is_complex_object(object obj) noexcept nogil:
     """
-    Cython equivalent of `isinstance(val, (complex, np.complex128))`
+    Cython equivalent of `isinstance(val, (complex, np.complexfloating))`
 
     Parameters
     ----------