From af47c16259846636872f37183af88edf129b8a54 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: VirosaLi <2EkF8qUgpNkj>
Date: Fri, 27 Nov 2020 10:57:24 -0600
Subject: [PATCH 1/2] CLN: fix some of flake8 C408 part 2

---
 pandas/_testing.py                            | 18 ++---
 pandas/compat/numpy/function.py               | 16 ++--
 pandas/core/arrays/_mixins.py                 |  2 +-
 pandas/core/arrays/sparse/array.py            |  2 +-
 pandas/core/arrays/timedeltas.py              |  4 +-
 pandas/core/base.py                           | 14 ++--
 pandas/core/dtypes/generic.py                 |  4 +-
 pandas/core/groupby/groupby.py                | 10 +--
 pandas/core/indexes/category.py               |  2 +-
 pandas/core/indexes/datetimelike.py           |  2 +-
 pandas/core/indexes/datetimes.py              |  2 +-
 pandas/core/indexes/extension.py              |  2 +-
 pandas/core/indexes/period.py                 |  2 +-
 pandas/core/internals/managers.py             |  2 +-
 pandas/core/resample.py                       |  2 +-
 pandas/core/reshape/melt.py                   |  2 +-
 pandas/core/shared_docs.py                    |  2 +-
 pandas/core/util/numba_.py                    |  2 +-
 pandas/io/formats/csvs.py                     | 14 ++--
 pandas/io/formats/printing.py                 |  2 +-
 pandas/io/formats/style.py                    | 20 ++---
 pandas/io/json/_json.py                       |  2 +-
 pandas/io/stata.py                            |  2 +-
 pandas/tests/arithmetic/test_timedelta64.py   |  2 +-
 .../tests/arrays/categorical/test_missing.py  |  8 +-
 pandas/tests/arrays/sparse/test_libsparse.py  | 77 ++++++++++---------
 pandas/tests/dtypes/test_common.py            | 20 ++---
 pandas/tests/extension/base/methods.py        |  8 +-
 pandas/tests/frame/common.py                  |  4 +-
 pandas/tests/frame/methods/test_astype.py     |  2 +-
 pandas/tests/frame/methods/test_convert.py    |  4 +-
 pandas/tests/frame/methods/test_diff.py       |  8 +-
 pandas/tests/frame/methods/test_rename.py     |  4 +-
 pandas/tests/frame/methods/test_replace.py    |  2 +-
 .../tests/frame/methods/test_reset_index.py   |  2 +-
 pandas/tests/frame/test_nonunique_indexes.py  |  2 +-
 pandas/tests/frame/test_query_eval.py         |  2 +-
 pandas/tests/frame/test_stack_unstack.py      | 28 +++----
 pandas/tests/frame/test_ufunc.py              |  2 +-
 pandas/tests/frame/test_validate.py           |  2 +-
 pandas/tests/generic/test_duplicate_labels.py |  6 +-
 pandas/tests/groupby/test_apply.py            |  4 +-
 pandas/tests/groupby/test_groupby.py          | 12 +--
 pandas/tests/groupby/test_quantile.py         |  4 +-
 pandas/tests/groupby/test_timegrouper.py      |  2 +-
 pandas/tests/groupby/test_value_counts.py     | 10 ++-
 .../indexes/period/test_partial_slicing.py    |  2 +-
 pandas/tests/io/formats/test_to_excel.py      |  4 +-
 pandas/tests/io/formats/test_to_html.py       |  4 +-
 pandas/tests/io/formats/test_to_latex.py      |  2 +-
 pandas/tests/io/json/test_pandas.py           | 18 ++---
 pandas/tests/io/parser/conftest.py            |  2 +-
 pandas/tests/io/parser/test_compression.py    |  4 +-
 pandas/tests/io/parser/test_converters.py     |  2 +-
 pandas/tests/io/parser/test_dtypes.py         |  4 +-
 pandas/tests/io/parser/test_mangle_dupes.py   |  2 +-
 pandas/tests/plotting/frame/test_frame.py     |  8 +-
 .../tests/plotting/frame/test_frame_color.py  | 13 ++--
 pandas/tests/plotting/test_datetimelike.py    |  2 +-
 pandas/tests/resample/test_datetime_index.py  |  8 +-
 pandas/tests/reshape/concat/test_empty.py     |  2 +-
 pandas/tests/reshape/concat/test_invalid.py   |  2 +-
 .../merge/test_merge_index_as_string.py       | 20 ++---
 pandas/tests/reshape/test_cut.py              |  8 +-
 pandas/tests/reshape/test_qcut.py             |  8 +-
 pandas/tests/series/indexing/test_datetime.py |  2 +-
 pandas/tests/series/indexing/test_indexing.py |  8 +-
 .../tests/series/methods/test_interpolate.py  |  4 +-
 pandas/tests/tseries/holiday/test_holiday.py  | 16 ++--
 pandas/tests/tseries/offsets/test_offsets.py  |  4 +-
 pandas/tests/tslibs/test_to_offset.py         | 18 ++---
 .../util/test_assert_categorical_equal.py     |  2 +-
 pandas/tests/util/test_assert_frame_equal.py  |  4 +-
 pandas/tests/util/test_validate_args.py       |  4 +-
 pandas/tests/util/test_validate_kwargs.py     |  2 +-
 pandas/util/_print_versions.py                |  2 +-
 76 files changed, 271 insertions(+), 255 deletions(-)

diff --git a/pandas/_testing.py b/pandas/_testing.py
index 68371b782aac2..bfff4301c2220 100644
--- a/pandas/_testing.py
+++ b/pandas/_testing.py
@@ -2167,15 +2167,15 @@ def makeCustomIndex(
         names = [names]
 
     # specific 1D index type requested?
-    idx_func = dict(
-        i=makeIntIndex,
-        f=makeFloatIndex,
-        s=makeStringIndex,
-        u=makeUnicodeIndex,
-        dt=makeDateIndex,
-        td=makeTimedeltaIndex,
-        p=makePeriodIndex,
-    ).get(idx_type)
+    idx_func = {
+        "i": makeIntIndex,
+        "f": makeFloatIndex,
+        "s": makeStringIndex,
+        "u": makeUnicodeIndex,
+        "dt": makeDateIndex,
+        "td": makeTimedeltaIndex,
+        "p": makePeriodIndex,
+    }.get(idx_type)
     if idx_func:
         # pandas\_testing.py:2120: error: Cannot call function of unknown type
         idx = idx_func(nentries)  # type: ignore[operator]
diff --git a/pandas/compat/numpy/function.py b/pandas/compat/numpy/function.py
index c2e91c7877d35..8db999e79fad8 100644
--- a/pandas/compat/numpy/function.py
+++ b/pandas/compat/numpy/function.py
@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ def __call__(
                 raise ValueError(f"invalid validation method '{method}'")
 
 
-ARGMINMAX_DEFAULTS = dict(out=None)
+ARGMINMAX_DEFAULTS = {"out": None}
 validate_argmin = CompatValidator(
     ARGMINMAX_DEFAULTS, fname="argmin", method="both", max_fname_arg_count=1
 )
@@ -151,7 +151,7 @@ def validate_argsort_with_ascending(ascending, args, kwargs):
     return ascending
 
 
-CLIP_DEFAULTS: Dict[str, Any] = dict(out=None)
+CLIP_DEFAULTS: Dict[str, Any] = {"out": None}
 validate_clip = CompatValidator(
     CLIP_DEFAULTS, fname="clip", method="both", max_fname_arg_count=3
 )
@@ -208,10 +208,10 @@ def validate_cum_func_with_skipna(skipna, args, kwargs, name):
     ALLANY_DEFAULTS, fname="any", method="both", max_fname_arg_count=1
 )
 
-LOGICAL_FUNC_DEFAULTS = dict(out=None, keepdims=False)
+LOGICAL_FUNC_DEFAULTS = {"out": None, "keepdims": False}
 validate_logical_func = CompatValidator(LOGICAL_FUNC_DEFAULTS, method="kwargs")
 
-MINMAX_DEFAULTS = dict(axis=None, out=None, keepdims=False)
+MINMAX_DEFAULTS = {"axis": None, "out": None, "keepdims": False}
 validate_min = CompatValidator(
     MINMAX_DEFAULTS, fname="min", method="both", max_fname_arg_count=1
 )
@@ -219,17 +219,17 @@ def validate_cum_func_with_skipna(skipna, args, kwargs, name):
     MINMAX_DEFAULTS, fname="max", method="both", max_fname_arg_count=1
 )
 
-RESHAPE_DEFAULTS: Dict[str, str] = dict(order="C")
+RESHAPE_DEFAULTS: Dict[str, str] = {"order": "C"}
 validate_reshape = CompatValidator(
     RESHAPE_DEFAULTS, fname="reshape", method="both", max_fname_arg_count=1
 )
 
-REPEAT_DEFAULTS: Dict[str, Any] = dict(axis=None)
+REPEAT_DEFAULTS: Dict[str, Any] = {"axis": None}
 validate_repeat = CompatValidator(
     REPEAT_DEFAULTS, fname="repeat", method="both", max_fname_arg_count=1
 )
 
-ROUND_DEFAULTS: Dict[str, Any] = dict(out=None)
+ROUND_DEFAULTS: Dict[str, Any] = {"out": None}
 validate_round = CompatValidator(
     ROUND_DEFAULTS, fname="round", method="both", max_fname_arg_count=1
 )
@@ -300,7 +300,7 @@ def validate_take_with_convert(convert, args, kwargs):
     return convert
 
 
-TRANSPOSE_DEFAULTS = dict(axes=None)
+TRANSPOSE_DEFAULTS = {"axis": None}
 validate_transpose = CompatValidator(
     TRANSPOSE_DEFAULTS, fname="transpose", method="both", max_fname_arg_count=0
 )
diff --git a/pandas/core/arrays/_mixins.py b/pandas/core/arrays/_mixins.py
index 5cc6525dc3c9b..02214ff51b02a 100644
--- a/pandas/core/arrays/_mixins.py
+++ b/pandas/core/arrays/_mixins.py
@@ -162,7 +162,7 @@ def repeat(
         --------
         numpy.ndarray.repeat
         """
-        nv.validate_repeat(tuple(), dict(axis=axis))
+        nv.validate_repeat((), {"axis": axis})
         new_data = self._ndarray.repeat(repeats, axis=axis)
         return self._from_backing_data(new_data)
 
diff --git a/pandas/core/arrays/sparse/array.py b/pandas/core/arrays/sparse/array.py
index c591f81390388..b8375af797b3a 100644
--- a/pandas/core/arrays/sparse/array.py
+++ b/pandas/core/arrays/sparse/array.py
@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@
 
 SparseArrayT = TypeVar("SparseArrayT", bound="SparseArray")
 
-_sparray_doc_kwargs = dict(klass="SparseArray")
+_sparray_doc_kwargs = {"klass": "SparseArray"}
 
 
 def _get_fill(arr: "SparseArray") -> np.ndarray:
diff --git a/pandas/core/arrays/timedeltas.py b/pandas/core/arrays/timedeltas.py
index 998117cc49d50..0921c3460c626 100644
--- a/pandas/core/arrays/timedeltas.py
+++ b/pandas/core/arrays/timedeltas.py
@@ -373,7 +373,7 @@ def sum(
         min_count: int = 0,
     ):
         nv.validate_sum(
-            (), dict(dtype=dtype, out=out, keepdims=keepdims, initial=initial)
+            (), {"dtype": dtype, "out": out, "keepdims": keepdims, "initial": initial}
         )
 
         result = nanops.nansum(
@@ -391,7 +391,7 @@ def std(
         skipna: bool = True,
     ):
         nv.validate_stat_ddof_func(
-            (), dict(dtype=dtype, out=out, keepdims=keepdims), fname="std"
+            (), {"dtype": dtype, "out": out, "keepdims": keepdims}, fname="std"
         )
 
         result = nanops.nanstd(self._ndarray, axis=axis, skipna=skipna, ddof=ddof)
diff --git a/pandas/core/base.py b/pandas/core/base.py
index 5f724d9e89d05..f333ee0f71e46 100644
--- a/pandas/core/base.py
+++ b/pandas/core/base.py
@@ -46,13 +46,13 @@
 if TYPE_CHECKING:
     from pandas import Categorical
 
-_shared_docs: Dict[str, str] = dict()
-_indexops_doc_kwargs = dict(
-    klass="IndexOpsMixin",
-    inplace="",
-    unique="IndexOpsMixin",
-    duplicated="IndexOpsMixin",
-)
+_shared_docs: Dict[str, str] = {}
+_indexops_doc_kwargs = {
+    "klass": "IndexOpsMixin",
+    "inplace": "",
+    "unique": "IndexOpsMixin",
+    "duplicated": "IndexOpsMixin",
+}
 
 _T = TypeVar("_T", bound="IndexOpsMixin")
 
diff --git a/pandas/core/dtypes/generic.py b/pandas/core/dtypes/generic.py
index 0e5867809fe52..d95d8bd4b694e 100644
--- a/pandas/core/dtypes/generic.py
+++ b/pandas/core/dtypes/generic.py
@@ -18,9 +18,9 @@ def create_pandas_abc_type(name, attr, comp):
     def _check(cls, inst) -> bool:
         return getattr(inst, attr, "_typ") in comp
 
-    dct = dict(__instancecheck__=_check, __subclasscheck__=_check)
+    dct = {"__instancecheck__": _check, "__subclasscheck__": _check}
     meta = type("ABCBase", (type,), dct)
-    return meta(name, tuple(), dct)
+    return meta(name, (), dct)
 
 
 ABCInt64Index = create_pandas_abc_type("ABCInt64Index", "_typ", ("int64index",))
diff --git a/pandas/core/groupby/groupby.py b/pandas/core/groupby/groupby.py
index ae3612c99d5cd..7c97725f1264c 100644
--- a/pandas/core/groupby/groupby.py
+++ b/pandas/core/groupby/groupby.py
@@ -85,8 +85,8 @@ class providing the base-class of operations.
             to each row or column of a DataFrame.
 """
 
-_apply_docs = dict(
-    template="""
+_apply_docs = {
+    "template": """
     Apply function `func` group-wise and combine the results together.
 
     The function passed to `apply` must take a {input} as its first
@@ -123,7 +123,7 @@ class providing the base-class of operations.
     Series.apply : Apply a function to a Series.
     DataFrame.apply : Apply a function to each row or column of a DataFrame.
     """,
-    dataframe_examples="""
+    "dataframe_examples": """
     >>> df = pd.DataFrame({'A': 'a a b'.split(),
                            'B': [1,2,3],
                            'C': [4,6, 5]})
@@ -163,7 +163,7 @@ class providing the base-class of operations.
     b    2
     dtype: int64
     """,
-    series_examples="""
+    "series_examples": """
     >>> s = pd.Series([0, 1, 2], index='a a b'.split())
     >>> g = s.groupby(s.index)
 
@@ -202,7 +202,7 @@ class providing the base-class of operations.
     --------
     {examples}
     """,
-)
+}
 
 _groupby_agg_method_template = """
 Compute {fname} of group values.
diff --git a/pandas/core/indexes/category.py b/pandas/core/indexes/category.py
index e2507aeaeb652..7956b3a623333 100644
--- a/pandas/core/indexes/category.py
+++ b/pandas/core/indexes/category.py
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@
 import pandas.core.missing as missing
 
 _index_doc_kwargs = dict(ibase._index_doc_kwargs)
-_index_doc_kwargs.update(dict(target_klass="CategoricalIndex"))
+_index_doc_kwargs.update({"target_klass": "CategoricalIndex"})
 
 
 @inherit_names(
diff --git a/pandas/core/indexes/datetimelike.py b/pandas/core/indexes/datetimelike.py
index 1b18f04ba603d..28ff5a8bacc71 100644
--- a/pandas/core/indexes/datetimelike.py
+++ b/pandas/core/indexes/datetimelike.py
@@ -200,7 +200,7 @@ def __contains__(self, key: Any) -> bool:
 
     @Appender(_index_shared_docs["take"] % _index_doc_kwargs)
     def take(self, indices, axis=0, allow_fill=True, fill_value=None, **kwargs):
-        nv.validate_take(tuple(), kwargs)
+        nv.validate_take((), kwargs)
         indices = np.asarray(indices, dtype=np.intp)
 
         maybe_slice = lib.maybe_indices_to_slice(indices, len(self))
diff --git a/pandas/core/indexes/datetimes.py b/pandas/core/indexes/datetimes.py
index f6eeb121b1ac0..f12b8f51b3bfc 100644
--- a/pandas/core/indexes/datetimes.py
+++ b/pandas/core/indexes/datetimes.py
@@ -337,7 +337,7 @@ def __reduce__(self):
         # we use a special reduce here because we need
         # to simply set the .tz (and not reinterpret it)
 
-        d = dict(data=self._data)
+        d = {"data": self._data}
         d.update(self._get_attributes_dict())
         return _new_DatetimeIndex, (type(self), d), None
 
diff --git a/pandas/core/indexes/extension.py b/pandas/core/indexes/extension.py
index 6c35b882b5d67..a4642c0eb63d6 100644
--- a/pandas/core/indexes/extension.py
+++ b/pandas/core/indexes/extension.py
@@ -269,7 +269,7 @@ def _get_engine_target(self) -> np.ndarray:
         return np.asarray(self._data)
 
     def repeat(self, repeats, axis=None):
-        nv.validate_repeat(tuple(), dict(axis=axis))
+        nv.validate_repeat((), {"axis": axis})
         result = self._data.repeat(repeats, axis=axis)
         return type(self)._simple_new(result, name=self.name)
 
diff --git a/pandas/core/indexes/period.py b/pandas/core/indexes/period.py
index 5dff07ee4c6dd..b223e583d0ce0 100644
--- a/pandas/core/indexes/period.py
+++ b/pandas/core/indexes/period.py
@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@
 from pandas.core.ops import get_op_result_name
 
 _index_doc_kwargs = dict(ibase._index_doc_kwargs)
-_index_doc_kwargs.update(dict(target_klass="PeriodIndex or list of Periods"))
+_index_doc_kwargs.update({"target_klass": "PeriodIndex or list of Periods"})
 
 # --- Period index sketch
 
diff --git a/pandas/core/internals/managers.py b/pandas/core/internals/managers.py
index 4cd7cc56144d9..15b85b3200da3 100644
--- a/pandas/core/internals/managers.py
+++ b/pandas/core/internals/managers.py
@@ -267,7 +267,7 @@ def __getstate__(self):
             "0.14.1": {
                 "axes": axes_array,
                 "blocks": [
-                    dict(values=b.values, mgr_locs=b.mgr_locs.indexer)
+                    {"values": b.values, "mgr_locs": b.mgr_locs.indexer}
                     for b in self.blocks
                 ],
             }
diff --git a/pandas/core/resample.py b/pandas/core/resample.py
index e5589b0dae837..afd189ad16b5d 100644
--- a/pandas/core/resample.py
+++ b/pandas/core/resample.py
@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@
 from pandas.tseries.frequencies import is_subperiod, is_superperiod
 from pandas.tseries.offsets import DateOffset, Day, Nano, Tick
 
-_shared_docs_kwargs: Dict[str, str] = dict()
+_shared_docs_kwargs: Dict[str, str] = {}
 
 
 class Resampler(BaseGroupBy, ShallowMixin):
diff --git a/pandas/core/reshape/melt.py b/pandas/core/reshape/melt.py
index bcdb223415813..3c4c42886b396 100644
--- a/pandas/core/reshape/melt.py
+++ b/pandas/core/reshape/melt.py
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@
     from pandas import DataFrame, Series
 
 
-@Appender(_shared_docs["melt"] % dict(caller="pd.melt(df, ", other="DataFrame.melt"))
+@Appender(_shared_docs["melt"] % {"caller": "pd.melt(df, ", "other": "DataFrame.melt"})
 def melt(
     frame: "DataFrame",
     id_vars=None,
diff --git a/pandas/core/shared_docs.py b/pandas/core/shared_docs.py
index 9de9d1f434a12..3aeb3b664b27f 100644
--- a/pandas/core/shared_docs.py
+++ b/pandas/core/shared_docs.py
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 from typing import Dict
 
-_shared_docs: Dict[str, str] = dict()
+_shared_docs: Dict[str, str] = {}
 
 _shared_docs[
     "aggregate"
diff --git a/pandas/core/util/numba_.py b/pandas/core/util/numba_.py
index 1dd005c1602a5..ed920c174ea69 100644
--- a/pandas/core/util/numba_.py
+++ b/pandas/core/util/numba_.py
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@
 from pandas.errors import NumbaUtilError
 
 GLOBAL_USE_NUMBA: bool = False
-NUMBA_FUNC_CACHE: Dict[Tuple[Callable, str], Callable] = dict()
+NUMBA_FUNC_CACHE: Dict[Tuple[Callable, str], Callable] = {}
 
 
 def maybe_use_numba(engine: Optional[str]) -> bool:
diff --git a/pandas/io/formats/csvs.py b/pandas/io/formats/csvs.py
index fbda78a1842ca..6d14d6172aa6c 100644
--- a/pandas/io/formats/csvs.py
+++ b/pandas/io/formats/csvs.py
@@ -159,13 +159,13 @@ def _initialize_chunksize(self, chunksize: Optional[int]) -> int:
     @property
     def _number_format(self) -> Dict[str, Any]:
         """Dictionary used for storing number formatting settings."""
-        return dict(
-            na_rep=self.na_rep,
-            float_format=self.float_format,
-            date_format=self.date_format,
-            quoting=self.quoting,
-            decimal=self.decimal,
-        )
+        return {
+            "na_rep": self.na_rep,
+            "float_format": self.float_format,
+            "date_format": self.date_format,
+            "quoting": self.quoting,
+            "decimal": self.decimal,
+        }
 
     @property
     def data_index(self) -> Index:
diff --git a/pandas/io/formats/printing.py b/pandas/io/formats/printing.py
index ac453839792f3..128e50d84657c 100644
--- a/pandas/io/formats/printing.py
+++ b/pandas/io/formats/printing.py
@@ -206,7 +206,7 @@ def as_escaped_string(
                 translate = escape_chars
             escape_chars = list(escape_chars.keys())
         else:
-            escape_chars = escape_chars or tuple()
+            escape_chars = escape_chars or ()
 
         result = str(thing)
         for c in escape_chars:
diff --git a/pandas/io/formats/style.py b/pandas/io/formats/style.py
index 0eeff44d0f74c..4557c10927a15 100644
--- a/pandas/io/formats/style.py
+++ b/pandas/io/formats/style.py
@@ -433,16 +433,16 @@ def format_attr(pair):
             else:
                 table_attr += ' class="tex2jax_ignore"'
 
-        return dict(
-            head=head,
-            cellstyle=cellstyle,
-            body=body,
-            uuid=uuid,
-            precision=precision,
-            table_styles=table_styles,
-            caption=caption,
-            table_attributes=table_attr,
-        )
+        return {
+            "head": head,
+            "cellstyle": cellstyle,
+            "body": body,
+            "uuid": uuid,
+            "precision": precision,
+            "table_styles": table_styles,
+            "caption": caption,
+            "table_attributes": table_attr,
+        }
 
     def format(self, formatter, subset=None, na_rep: Optional[str] = None) -> "Styler":
         """
diff --git a/pandas/io/json/_json.py b/pandas/io/json/_json.py
index e1feb1aa3fada..b1d705439e300 100644
--- a/pandas/io/json/_json.py
+++ b/pandas/io/json/_json.py
@@ -1098,7 +1098,7 @@ def _process_converter(self, f, filt=None):
         assert obj is not None  # for mypy
 
         needs_new_obj = False
-        new_obj = dict()
+        new_obj = {}
         for i, (col, c) in enumerate(obj.items()):
             if filt(col, c):
                 new_data, result = f(col, c)
diff --git a/pandas/io/stata.py b/pandas/io/stata.py
index d97ba6183c955..6f296d3c8d92f 100644
--- a/pandas/io/stata.py
+++ b/pandas/io/stata.py
@@ -1464,7 +1464,7 @@ def _read_value_labels(self) -> None:
             off = off[ii]
             val = val[ii]
             txt = self.path_or_buf.read(txtlen)
-            self.value_label_dict[labname] = dict()
+            self.value_label_dict[labname] = {}
             for i in range(n):
                 end = off[i + 1] if i < n - 1 else txtlen
                 self.value_label_dict[labname][val[i]] = self._decode(txt[off[i] : end])
diff --git a/pandas/tests/arithmetic/test_timedelta64.py b/pandas/tests/arithmetic/test_timedelta64.py
index 0202337a4389a..22c1951a1bce4 100644
--- a/pandas/tests/arithmetic/test_timedelta64.py
+++ b/pandas/tests/arithmetic/test_timedelta64.py
@@ -822,7 +822,7 @@ def test_operators_timedelta64(self):
         tm.assert_series_equal(rs, xp)
         assert rs.dtype == "timedelta64[ns]"
 
-        df = DataFrame(dict(A=v1))
+        df = DataFrame({"A": "v1"})
         td = Series([timedelta(days=i) for i in range(3)])
         assert td.dtype == "timedelta64[ns]"
 
diff --git a/pandas/tests/arrays/categorical/test_missing.py b/pandas/tests/arrays/categorical/test_missing.py
index cb0ba128c1fb7..36ed790eff63c 100644
--- a/pandas/tests/arrays/categorical/test_missing.py
+++ b/pandas/tests/arrays/categorical/test_missing.py
@@ -62,13 +62,13 @@ def test_set_item_nan(self):
         "fillna_kwargs, msg",
         [
             (
-                dict(value=1, method="ffill"),
+                {"value": 1, "method": "ffill"},
                 "Cannot specify both 'value' and 'method'.",
             ),
-            (dict(), "Must specify a fill 'value' or 'method'."),
-            (dict(method="bad"), "Invalid fill method. Expecting .* bad"),
+            ({}, "Must specify a fill 'value' or 'method'."),
+            ({"method": "bad"}, "Invalid fill method. Expecting .* bad"),
             (
-                dict(value=Series([1, 2, 3, 4, "a"])),
+                {"value": Series([1, 2, 3, 4, "a"])},
                 "Cannot setitem on a Categorical with a new category",
             ),
         ],
diff --git a/pandas/tests/arrays/sparse/test_libsparse.py b/pandas/tests/arrays/sparse/test_libsparse.py
index 517dc4a2c3d8b..992dff218415d 100644
--- a/pandas/tests/arrays/sparse/test_libsparse.py
+++ b/pandas/tests/arrays/sparse/test_libsparse.py
@@ -12,42 +12,47 @@
 
 TEST_LENGTH = 20
 
-plain_case = dict(
-    xloc=[0, 7, 15],
-    xlen=[3, 5, 5],
-    yloc=[2, 9, 14],
-    ylen=[2, 3, 5],
-    intersect_loc=[2, 9, 15],
-    intersect_len=[1, 3, 4],
-)
-delete_blocks = dict(
-    xloc=[0, 5], xlen=[4, 4], yloc=[1], ylen=[4], intersect_loc=[1], intersect_len=[3]
-)
-split_blocks = dict(
-    xloc=[0],
-    xlen=[10],
-    yloc=[0, 5],
-    ylen=[3, 7],
-    intersect_loc=[0, 5],
-    intersect_len=[3, 5],
-)
-skip_block = dict(
-    xloc=[10],
-    xlen=[5],
-    yloc=[0, 12],
-    ylen=[5, 3],
-    intersect_loc=[12],
-    intersect_len=[3],
-)
-
-no_intersect = dict(
-    xloc=[0, 10],
-    xlen=[4, 6],
-    yloc=[5, 17],
-    ylen=[4, 2],
-    intersect_loc=[],
-    intersect_len=[],
-)
+plain_case = {
+    "xloc": [0, 7, 15],
+    "xlen": [3, 5, 5],
+    "yloc": [2, 9, 14],
+    "ylen": [2, 3, 5],
+    "intersect_loc": [2, 9, 15],
+    "intersect_len": [1, 3, 4],
+}
+delete_blocks = {
+    "xloc": [0, 5],
+    "xlen": [4, 4],
+    "yloc": [1],
+    "ylen": [4],
+    "intersect_loc": [1],
+    "intersect_len": [3],
+}
+split_blocks = {
+    "xloc": [0],
+    "xlen": [10],
+    "yloc": [0, 5],
+    "ylen": [3, 7],
+    "intersect_loc": [0, 5],
+    "intersect_len": [3, 5],
+}
+skip_block = {
+    "xloc": [10],
+    "xlen": [5],
+    "yloc": [0, 12],
+    "ylen": [5, 3],
+    "intersect_loc": [12],
+    "intersect_len": [3],
+}
+
+no_intersect = {
+    "xloc": [0, 10],
+    "xlen": [4, 6],
+    "yloc": [5, 17],
+    "ylen": [4, 2],
+    "intersect_loc": [],
+    "intersect_len": [],
+}
 
 
 def check_cases(_check_case):
diff --git a/pandas/tests/dtypes/test_common.py b/pandas/tests/dtypes/test_common.py
index 2db9a9a403e1c..ce6737db44195 100644
--- a/pandas/tests/dtypes/test_common.py
+++ b/pandas/tests/dtypes/test_common.py
@@ -105,16 +105,16 @@ def test_period_dtype(self, dtype):
         assert com.pandas_dtype(dtype) == dtype
 
 
-dtypes = dict(
-    datetime_tz=com.pandas_dtype("datetime64[ns, US/Eastern]"),
-    datetime=com.pandas_dtype("datetime64[ns]"),
-    timedelta=com.pandas_dtype("timedelta64[ns]"),
-    period=PeriodDtype("D"),
-    integer=np.dtype(np.int64),
-    float=np.dtype(np.float64),
-    object=np.dtype(object),
-    category=com.pandas_dtype("category"),
-)
+dtypes = {
+    "datetime_tz": com.pandas_dtype("datetime64[ns, US/Eastern]"),
+    "datetime": com.pandas_dtype("datetime64[ns]"),
+    "timedelta": com.pandas_dtype("timedelta64[ns]"),
+    "period": PeriodDtype("D"),
+    "integer": np.dtype(np.int64),
+    "float": np.dtype(np.float64),
+    "object": np.dtype(object),
+    "category": com.pandas_dtype("category"),
+}
 
 
 @pytest.mark.parametrize("name1,dtype1", list(dtypes.items()), ids=lambda x: str(x))
diff --git a/pandas/tests/extension/base/methods.py b/pandas/tests/extension/base/methods.py
index 29a59cdefbd83..1cc03d4f4f2bd 100644
--- a/pandas/tests/extension/base/methods.py
+++ b/pandas/tests/extension/base/methods.py
@@ -447,10 +447,10 @@ def test_repeat(self, data, repeats, as_series, use_numpy):
     @pytest.mark.parametrize(
         "repeats, kwargs, error, msg",
         [
-            (2, dict(axis=1), ValueError, "axis"),
-            (-1, dict(), ValueError, "negative"),
-            ([1, 2], dict(), ValueError, "shape"),
-            (2, dict(foo="bar"), TypeError, "'foo'"),
+            (2, {"axis": 1}, ValueError, "axis"),
+            (-1, {}, ValueError, "negative"),
+            ([1, 2], {}, ValueError, "shape"),
+            (2, {"foo": "bar"}, TypeError, "'foo'"),
         ],
     )
     def test_repeat_raises(self, data, repeats, kwargs, error, msg, use_numpy):
diff --git a/pandas/tests/frame/common.py b/pandas/tests/frame/common.py
index 73e60ff389038..95ebaa4641d1b 100644
--- a/pandas/tests/frame/common.py
+++ b/pandas/tests/frame/common.py
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
 
 def _check_mixed_float(df, dtype=None):
     # float16 are most likely to be upcasted to float32
-    dtypes = dict(A="float32", B="float32", C="float16", D="float64")
+    dtypes = {"A": "float32", "B": "float32", "C": "float16", "D": "float64"}
     if isinstance(dtype, str):
         dtypes = {k: dtype for k, v in dtypes.items()}
     elif isinstance(dtype, dict):
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ def _check_mixed_float(df, dtype=None):
 
 
 def _check_mixed_int(df, dtype=None):
-    dtypes = dict(A="int32", B="uint64", C="uint8", D="int64")
+    dtypes = {"A": "int32", "B": "uint64", "C": "uint8", "D": "int64"}
     if isinstance(dtype, str):
         dtypes = {k: dtype for k, v in dtypes.items()}
     elif isinstance(dtype, dict):
diff --git a/pandas/tests/frame/methods/test_astype.py b/pandas/tests/frame/methods/test_astype.py
index f05c90f37ea8a..d79969eac0323 100644
--- a/pandas/tests/frame/methods/test_astype.py
+++ b/pandas/tests/frame/methods/test_astype.py
@@ -563,7 +563,7 @@ def test_astype_empty_dtype_dict(self):
         # issue mentioned further down in the following issue's thread
         # https://github.com/pandas-dev/pandas/issues/33113
         df = DataFrame()
-        result = df.astype(dict())
+        result = df.astype({})
         tm.assert_frame_equal(result, df)
         assert result is not df
 
diff --git a/pandas/tests/frame/methods/test_convert.py b/pandas/tests/frame/methods/test_convert.py
index 50add248f9614..a00b2b5960884 100644
--- a/pandas/tests/frame/methods/test_convert.py
+++ b/pandas/tests/frame/methods/test_convert.py
@@ -43,9 +43,9 @@ def test_convert_objects(self, float_string_frame):
             converted["H"].astype("int32")
 
         # mixed in a single column
-        df = DataFrame(dict(s=Series([1, "na", 3, 4])))
+        df = DataFrame({"s": Series([1, "na", 3, 4])})
         result = df._convert(datetime=True, numeric=True)
-        expected = DataFrame(dict(s=Series([1, np.nan, 3, 4])))
+        expected = DataFrame({"s": Series([1, np.nan, 3, 4])})
         tm.assert_frame_equal(result, expected)
 
     def test_convert_objects_no_conversion(self):
diff --git a/pandas/tests/frame/methods/test_diff.py b/pandas/tests/frame/methods/test_diff.py
index 8affcce478cf4..b8328b43a6b13 100644
--- a/pandas/tests/frame/methods/test_diff.py
+++ b/pandas/tests/frame/methods/test_diff.py
@@ -132,10 +132,10 @@ def test_diff_datetime_axis1(self, tz):
     def test_diff_timedelta(self):
         # GH#4533
         df = DataFrame(
-            dict(
-                time=[Timestamp("20130101 9:01"), Timestamp("20130101 9:02")],
-                value=[1.0, 2.0],
-            )
+            {
+                "time": [Timestamp("20130101 9:01"), Timestamp("20130101 9:02")],
+                "value": [1.0, 2.0],
+            }
         )
 
         res = df.diff()
diff --git a/pandas/tests/frame/methods/test_rename.py b/pandas/tests/frame/methods/test_rename.py
index 857dd0ad7268b..1080d97b30987 100644
--- a/pandas/tests/frame/methods/test_rename.py
+++ b/pandas/tests/frame/methods/test_rename.py
@@ -76,8 +76,8 @@ def test_rename(self, float_frame):
     @pytest.mark.parametrize(
         "args,kwargs",
         [
-            ((ChainMap({"A": "a"}, {"B": "b"}),), dict(axis="columns")),
-            ((), dict(columns=ChainMap({"A": "a"}, {"B": "b"}))),
+            ((ChainMap({"A": "a"}, {"B": "b"}),), {"axis": "columns"}),
+            ((), {"columns": ChainMap({"A": "a"}, {"B": "b"})}),
         ],
     )
     def test_rename_chainmap(self, args, kwargs):
diff --git a/pandas/tests/frame/methods/test_replace.py b/pandas/tests/frame/methods/test_replace.py
index 8e59dd959ab57..ab750bca7e069 100644
--- a/pandas/tests/frame/methods/test_replace.py
+++ b/pandas/tests/frame/methods/test_replace.py
@@ -1123,7 +1123,7 @@ def test_replace_series_no_regex(self):
         tm.assert_series_equal(result, expected)
 
     def test_replace_dict_tuple_list_ordering_remains_the_same(self):
-        df = DataFrame(dict(A=[np.nan, 1]))
+        df = DataFrame({"A": [np.nan, 1]})
         res1 = df.replace(to_replace={np.nan: 0, 1: -1e8})
         res2 = df.replace(to_replace=(1, np.nan), value=[-1e8, 0])
         res3 = df.replace(to_replace=[1, np.nan], value=[-1e8, 0])
diff --git a/pandas/tests/frame/methods/test_reset_index.py b/pandas/tests/frame/methods/test_reset_index.py
index 5864b547a552b..00d4a4277a42f 100644
--- a/pandas/tests/frame/methods/test_reset_index.py
+++ b/pandas/tests/frame/methods/test_reset_index.py
@@ -618,7 +618,7 @@ def test_reset_index_empty_frame_with_datetime64_multiindex():
 
 def test_reset_index_empty_frame_with_datetime64_multiindex_from_groupby():
     # https://github.com/pandas-dev/pandas/issues/35657
-    df = DataFrame(dict(c1=[10.0], c2=["a"], c3=pd.to_datetime("2020-01-01")))
+    df = DataFrame({"c1": [10.0], "c2": ["a"], "c3": pd.to_datetime("2020-01-01")})
     df = df.head(0).groupby(["c2", "c3"])[["c1"]].sum()
     result = df.reset_index()
     expected = DataFrame(
diff --git a/pandas/tests/frame/test_nonunique_indexes.py b/pandas/tests/frame/test_nonunique_indexes.py
index 109561a5acb23..b42c56f256478 100644
--- a/pandas/tests/frame/test_nonunique_indexes.py
+++ b/pandas/tests/frame/test_nonunique_indexes.py
@@ -250,7 +250,7 @@ def test_column_dups_operations(self):
 
         # operations
         for op in ["__add__", "__mul__", "__sub__", "__truediv__"]:
-            df = DataFrame(dict(A=np.arange(10), B=np.random.rand(10)))
+            df = DataFrame({"A": np.arange(10), "B": np.random.rand(10)})
             expected = getattr(df, op)(df)
             expected.columns = ["A", "A"]
             df.columns = ["A", "A"]
diff --git a/pandas/tests/frame/test_query_eval.py b/pandas/tests/frame/test_query_eval.py
index f3f2bbe1d160e..af134db587306 100644
--- a/pandas/tests/frame/test_query_eval.py
+++ b/pandas/tests/frame/test_query_eval.py
@@ -127,7 +127,7 @@ def test_ops(self, op_str, op, rop, n):
     def test_dataframe_sub_numexpr_path(self):
         # GH7192: Note we need a large number of rows to ensure this
         #  goes through the numexpr path
-        df = DataFrame(dict(A=np.random.randn(25000)))
+        df = DataFrame({"A": np.random.randn(25000)})
         df.iloc[0:5] = np.nan
         expected = 1 - np.isnan(df.iloc[0:25])
         result = (1 - np.isnan(df)).iloc[0:25]
diff --git a/pandas/tests/frame/test_stack_unstack.py b/pandas/tests/frame/test_stack_unstack.py
index c70bfc4a3602b..c9e737a9dcb0f 100644
--- a/pandas/tests/frame/test_stack_unstack.py
+++ b/pandas/tests/frame/test_stack_unstack.py
@@ -336,19 +336,19 @@ def test_unstack_mixed_type_name_in_multiindex(
     def test_unstack_preserve_dtypes(self):
         # Checks fix for #11847
         df = DataFrame(
-            dict(
-                state=["IL", "MI", "NC"],
-                index=["a", "b", "c"],
-                some_categories=Series(["a", "b", "c"]).astype("category"),
-                A=np.random.rand(3),
-                B=1,
-                C="foo",
-                D=pd.Timestamp("20010102"),
-                E=Series([1.0, 50.0, 100.0]).astype("float32"),
-                F=Series([3.0, 4.0, 5.0]).astype("float64"),
-                G=False,
-                H=Series([1, 200, 923442], dtype="int8"),
-            )
+            {
+                "state": ["IL", "MI", "NC"],
+                "index": ["a", "b", "c"],
+                "some_categories": Series(["a", "b", "c"]).astype("category"),
+                "A": np.random.rand(3),
+                "B": 1,
+                "C": "foo",
+                "D": pd.Timestamp("20010102"),
+                "E": Series([1.0, 50.0, 100.0]).astype("float32"),
+                "F": Series([3.0, 4.0, 5.0]).astype("float64"),
+                "G": False,
+                "H": Series([1, 200, 923442], dtype="int8"),
+            }
         )
 
         def unstack_and_compare(df, column_name):
@@ -1689,7 +1689,7 @@ def test_stack_multiple_bug(self):
         name = (["a"] * 3) + (["b"] * 3)
         date = pd.to_datetime(["2013-01-03", "2013-01-04", "2013-01-05"] * 2)
         var1 = np.random.randint(0, 100, 6)
-        df = DataFrame(dict(ID=id_col, NAME=name, DATE=date, VAR1=var1))
+        df = DataFrame({"ID": id_col, "NAME": name, "DATE": date, "VAR1": var1})
 
         multi = df.set_index(["DATE", "ID"])
         multi.columns.name = "Params"
diff --git a/pandas/tests/frame/test_ufunc.py b/pandas/tests/frame/test_ufunc.py
index 7bc9aa29af3b4..81c0dc65b4e97 100644
--- a/pandas/tests/frame/test_ufunc.py
+++ b/pandas/tests/frame/test_ufunc.py
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
 dtypes = [
     "int64",
     "Int64",
-    dict(A="int64", B="Int64"),
+    {"A": "int64", "B": "Int64"},
 ]
 
 
diff --git a/pandas/tests/frame/test_validate.py b/pandas/tests/frame/test_validate.py
index c7270322b980c..e99e0a6863848 100644
--- a/pandas/tests/frame/test_validate.py
+++ b/pandas/tests/frame/test_validate.py
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ class TestDataFrameValidate:
     @pytest.mark.parametrize("inplace", [1, "True", [1, 2, 3], 5.0])
     def test_validate_bool_args(self, dataframe, func, inplace):
         msg = 'For argument "inplace" expected type bool'
-        kwargs = dict(inplace=inplace)
+        kwargs = {"inplace": inplace}
 
         if func == "query":
             kwargs["expr"] = "a > b"
diff --git a/pandas/tests/generic/test_duplicate_labels.py b/pandas/tests/generic/test_duplicate_labels.py
index 300f4cd72573a..1b32675ec2d35 100644
--- a/pandas/tests/generic/test_duplicate_labels.py
+++ b/pandas/tests/generic/test_duplicate_labels.py
@@ -203,7 +203,7 @@ def test_concat(self, objs, kwargs):
                 pd.DataFrame({"B": [0, 1]}, index=["a", "d"]).set_flags(
                     allows_duplicate_labels=False
                 ),
-                dict(left_index=True, right_index=True),
+                {"left_index": True, "right_index": True},
                 False,
                 marks=not_implemented,
             ),
@@ -213,7 +213,7 @@ def test_concat(self, objs, kwargs):
                     allows_duplicate_labels=False
                 ),
                 pd.DataFrame({"B": [0, 1]}, index=["a", "d"]),
-                dict(left_index=True, right_index=True),
+                {"left_index": True, "right_index": True},
                 False,
                 marks=not_implemented,
             ),
@@ -221,7 +221,7 @@ def test_concat(self, objs, kwargs):
             (
                 pd.DataFrame({"A": [0, 1]}, index=["a", "b"]),
                 pd.DataFrame({"B": [0, 1]}, index=["a", "d"]),
-                dict(left_index=True, right_index=True),
+                {"left_index": True, "right_index": True},
                 True,
             ),
         ],
diff --git a/pandas/tests/groupby/test_apply.py b/pandas/tests/groupby/test_apply.py
index 151ec03662335..b2074dcb08c95 100644
--- a/pandas/tests/groupby/test_apply.py
+++ b/pandas/tests/groupby/test_apply.py
@@ -665,7 +665,7 @@ def test_apply_aggregating_timedelta_and_datetime():
     df["time_delta_zero"] = df.datetime - df.datetime
     result = df.groupby("clientid").apply(
         lambda ddf: Series(
-            dict(clientid_age=ddf.time_delta_zero.min(), date=ddf.datetime.min())
+            {"clientid_age": ddf.time_delta_zero.min(), "date": ddf.datetime.min()}
         )
     )
     expected = DataFrame(
@@ -784,7 +784,7 @@ def test_func(x):
 
 def test_groupby_apply_return_empty_chunk():
     # GH 22221: apply filter which returns some empty groups
-    df = DataFrame(dict(value=[0, 1], group=["filled", "empty"]))
+    df = DataFrame({"value": [0, 1], "group": ["filled", "empty"]})
     groups = df.groupby("group")
     result = groups.apply(lambda group: group[group.value != 1]["value"])
     expected = Series(
diff --git a/pandas/tests/groupby/test_groupby.py b/pandas/tests/groupby/test_groupby.py
index 78c438fa11a0e..7c179a79513fa 100644
--- a/pandas/tests/groupby/test_groupby.py
+++ b/pandas/tests/groupby/test_groupby.py
@@ -149,11 +149,11 @@ def test_inconsistent_return_type():
     # GH5592
     # inconsistent return type
     df = DataFrame(
-        dict(
-            A=["Tiger", "Tiger", "Tiger", "Lamb", "Lamb", "Pony", "Pony"],
-            B=Series(np.arange(7), dtype="int64"),
-            C=date_range("20130101", periods=7),
-        )
+        {
+            "A": ["Tiger", "Tiger", "Tiger", "Lamb", "Lamb", "Pony", "Pony"],
+            "B": Series(np.arange(7), dtype="int64"),
+            "C": date_range("20130101", periods=7),
+        }
     )
 
     def f(grp):
@@ -257,7 +257,7 @@ def test_len():
     assert len(grouped) == expected
 
     # issue 11016
-    df = DataFrame(dict(a=[np.nan] * 3, b=[1, 2, 3]))
+    df = DataFrame({"a": [np.nan] * 3, "b": [1, 2, 3]})
     assert len(df.groupby("a")) == 0
     assert len(df.groupby("b")) == 3
     assert len(df.groupby(["a", "b"])) == 3
diff --git a/pandas/tests/groupby/test_quantile.py b/pandas/tests/groupby/test_quantile.py
index bd6d33c59a48a..53729a120ae8d 100644
--- a/pandas/tests/groupby/test_quantile.py
+++ b/pandas/tests/groupby/test_quantile.py
@@ -157,7 +157,7 @@ def test_quantile_raises():
 
 def test_quantile_out_of_bounds_q_raises():
     # https://github.com/pandas-dev/pandas/issues/27470
-    df = DataFrame(dict(a=[0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1], b=range(6)))
+    df = DataFrame({"a": [0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1], "b": range(6)})
     g = df.groupby([0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1])
     with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="Got '50.0' instead"):
         g.quantile(50)
@@ -169,7 +169,7 @@ def test_quantile_out_of_bounds_q_raises():
 def test_quantile_missing_group_values_no_segfaults():
     # GH 28662
     data = np.array([1.0, np.nan, 1.0])
-    df = DataFrame(dict(key=data, val=range(3)))
+    df = DataFrame({"key": data, "val": range(3)})
 
     # Random segfaults; would have been guaranteed in loop
     grp = df.groupby("key")
diff --git a/pandas/tests/groupby/test_timegrouper.py b/pandas/tests/groupby/test_timegrouper.py
index 2340168415382..28095c0b0c39f 100644
--- a/pandas/tests/groupby/test_timegrouper.py
+++ b/pandas/tests/groupby/test_timegrouper.py
@@ -651,7 +651,7 @@ def test_groupby_first_datetime64(self):
     def test_groupby_max_datetime64(self):
         # GH 5869
         # datetimelike dtype conversion from int
-        df = DataFrame(dict(A=Timestamp("20130101"), B=np.arange(5)))
+        df = DataFrame({"A": Timestamp("20130101"), "B": np.arange(5)})
         expected = df.groupby("A")["A"].apply(lambda x: x.max())
         result = df.groupby("A")["A"].max()
         tm.assert_series_equal(result, expected)
diff --git a/pandas/tests/groupby/test_value_counts.py b/pandas/tests/groupby/test_value_counts.py
index c86cb4532bc26..c5d454baa7e7b 100644
--- a/pandas/tests/groupby/test_value_counts.py
+++ b/pandas/tests/groupby/test_value_counts.py
@@ -65,9 +65,13 @@ def rebuild_index(df):
         df.index = MultiIndex.from_arrays(arr, names=df.index.names)
         return df
 
-    kwargs = dict(
-        normalize=normalize, sort=sort, ascending=ascending, dropna=dropna, bins=bins
-    )
+    kwargs = {
+        "normalize": normalize,
+        "sort": sort,
+        "ascending": ascending,
+        "dropna": dropna,
+        "bins": bins,
+    }
 
     gr = df.groupby(keys, sort=isort)
     left = gr["3rd"].value_counts(**kwargs)
diff --git a/pandas/tests/indexes/period/test_partial_slicing.py b/pandas/tests/indexes/period/test_partial_slicing.py
index 878a89bd52cb1..f354682bf6f70 100644
--- a/pandas/tests/indexes/period/test_partial_slicing.py
+++ b/pandas/tests/indexes/period/test_partial_slicing.py
@@ -94,7 +94,7 @@ def test_range_slice_outofbounds(self, make_range):
     def test_maybe_cast_slice_bound(self, make_range, frame_or_series):
         idx = make_range(start="2013/10/01", freq="D", periods=10)
 
-        obj = DataFrame(dict(units=[100 + i for i in range(10)]), index=idx)
+        obj = DataFrame({"units": [100 + i for i in range(10)]}, index=idx)
         if frame_or_series is not DataFrame:
             obj = obj["units"]
 
diff --git a/pandas/tests/io/formats/test_to_excel.py b/pandas/tests/io/formats/test_to_excel.py
index 8529a0fb33b67..4f1af132204bb 100644
--- a/pandas/tests/io/formats/test_to_excel.py
+++ b/pandas/tests/io/formats/test_to_excel.py
@@ -278,7 +278,7 @@ def test_css_to_excel_good_colors(input_color, output_color):
         f"color: {input_color}"
     )
 
-    expected = dict()
+    expected = {}
 
     expected["fill"] = {"patternType": "solid", "fgColor": output_color}
 
@@ -305,7 +305,7 @@ def test_css_to_excel_bad_colors(input_color):
         f"color: {input_color}"
     )
 
-    expected = dict()
+    expected = {}
 
     if input_color is not None:
         expected["fill"] = {"patternType": "solid"}
diff --git a/pandas/tests/io/formats/test_to_html.py b/pandas/tests/io/formats/test_to_html.py
index aaadc965aca52..a88dec84bd693 100644
--- a/pandas/tests/io/formats/test_to_html.py
+++ b/pandas/tests/io/formats/test_to_html.py
@@ -152,8 +152,8 @@ def test_to_html_decimal(datapath):
 @pytest.mark.parametrize(
     "kwargs,string,expected",
     [
-        (dict(), "<type 'str'>", "escaped"),
-        (dict(escape=False), "<b>bold</b>", "escape_disabled"),
+        ({}, "<type 'str'>", "escaped"),
+        ({"escape": False}, "<b>bold</b>", "escape_disabled"),
     ],
 )
 def test_to_html_escaped(kwargs, string, expected, datapath):
diff --git a/pandas/tests/io/formats/test_to_latex.py b/pandas/tests/io/formats/test_to_latex.py
index 81e8e0bd2b526..ba6d7c010613b 100644
--- a/pandas/tests/io/formats/test_to_latex.py
+++ b/pandas/tests/io/formats/test_to_latex.py
@@ -92,7 +92,7 @@ def test_to_latex_tabular_without_index(self):
 
     @pytest.mark.parametrize(
         "bad_column_format",
-        [5, 1.2, ["l", "r"], ("r", "c"), {"r", "c", "l"}, dict(a="r", b="l")],
+        [5, 1.2, ["l", "r"], ("r", "c"), {"r", "c", "l"}, {"a": "r", "b": "l"}],
     )
     def test_to_latex_bad_column_format(self, bad_column_format):
         df = DataFrame({"a": [1, 2], "b": ["b1", "b2"]})
diff --git a/pandas/tests/io/json/test_pandas.py b/pandas/tests/io/json/test_pandas.py
index fdf2caa804def..7a5aca13b33f5 100644
--- a/pandas/tests/io/json/test_pandas.py
+++ b/pandas/tests/io/json/test_pandas.py
@@ -379,7 +379,7 @@ def test_frame_infinity(self, orient, inf, dtype):
         ],
     )
     def test_frame_to_json_float_precision(self, value, precision, expected_val):
-        df = DataFrame([dict(a_float=value)])
+        df = DataFrame([{"a_float": value}])
         encoded = df.to_json(double_precision=precision)
         assert encoded == f'{{"a_float":{{"0":{expected_val}}}}}'
 
@@ -475,8 +475,8 @@ def test_blocks_compat_GH9037(self):
         index = DatetimeIndex(list(index), freq=None)
 
         df_mixed = DataFrame(
-            dict(
-                float_1=[
+            {
+                "float_1": [
                     -0.92077639,
                     0.77434435,
                     1.25234727,
@@ -488,7 +488,7 @@ def test_blocks_compat_GH9037(self):
                     0.95748401,
                     -1.02970536,
                 ],
-                int_1=[
+                "int_1": [
                     19680418,
                     75337055,
                     99973684,
@@ -500,7 +500,7 @@ def test_blocks_compat_GH9037(self):
                     41903419,
                     16008365,
                 ],
-                str_1=[
+                "str_1": [
                     "78c608f1",
                     "64a99743",
                     "13d2ff52",
@@ -512,7 +512,7 @@ def test_blocks_compat_GH9037(self):
                     "7a669144",
                     "8d64d068",
                 ],
-                float_2=[
+                "float_2": [
                     -0.0428278,
                     -1.80872357,
                     3.36042349,
@@ -524,7 +524,7 @@ def test_blocks_compat_GH9037(self):
                     -0.03030452,
                     1.43366348,
                 ],
-                str_2=[
+                "str_2": [
                     "14f04af9",
                     "d085da90",
                     "4bcfac83",
@@ -536,7 +536,7 @@ def test_blocks_compat_GH9037(self):
                     "1f6a09ba",
                     "4bfc4d87",
                 ],
-                int_2=[
+                "int_2": [
                     86967717,
                     98098830,
                     51927505,
@@ -548,7 +548,7 @@ def test_blocks_compat_GH9037(self):
                     24867120,
                     76131025,
                 ],
-            ),
+            },
             index=index,
         )
 
diff --git a/pandas/tests/io/parser/conftest.py b/pandas/tests/io/parser/conftest.py
index d03c85f65ea8d..e8893b4c02238 100644
--- a/pandas/tests/io/parser/conftest.py
+++ b/pandas/tests/io/parser/conftest.py
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ class BaseParser:
 
     def update_kwargs(self, kwargs):
         kwargs = kwargs.copy()
-        kwargs.update(dict(engine=self.engine, low_memory=self.low_memory))
+        kwargs.update({"engine": self.engine, "low_memory": self.low_memory})
 
         return kwargs
 
diff --git a/pandas/tests/io/parser/test_compression.py b/pandas/tests/io/parser/test_compression.py
index 690d3133dae5e..220d9474c6dbf 100644
--- a/pandas/tests/io/parser/test_compression.py
+++ b/pandas/tests/io/parser/test_compression.py
@@ -109,7 +109,7 @@ def test_compression(parser_and_data, compression_only, buffer, filename):
 def test_infer_compression(all_parsers, csv1, buffer, ext):
     # see gh-9770
     parser = all_parsers
-    kwargs = dict(index_col=0, parse_dates=True)
+    kwargs = {"index_col": 0, "parse_dates": True}
 
     expected = parser.read_csv(csv1, **kwargs)
     kwargs["compression"] = "infer"
@@ -144,7 +144,7 @@ def test_compression_utf_encoding(all_parsers, csv_dir_path, utf_value, encoding
 @pytest.mark.parametrize("invalid_compression", ["sfark", "bz3", "zipper"])
 def test_invalid_compression(all_parsers, invalid_compression):
     parser = all_parsers
-    compress_kwargs = dict(compression=invalid_compression)
+    compress_kwargs = {"compression": invalid_compression}
 
     msg = f"Unrecognized compression type: {invalid_compression}"
 
diff --git a/pandas/tests/io/parser/test_converters.py b/pandas/tests/io/parser/test_converters.py
index 88b400d9a11df..1d2fb7fddc9dd 100644
--- a/pandas/tests/io/parser/test_converters.py
+++ b/pandas/tests/io/parser/test_converters.py
@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ def test_converters_no_implicit_conv(all_parsers):
 
 def test_converters_euro_decimal_format(all_parsers):
     # see gh-583
-    converters = dict()
+    converters = {}
     parser = all_parsers
 
     data = """Id;Number1;Number2;Text1;Text2;Number3
diff --git a/pandas/tests/io/parser/test_dtypes.py b/pandas/tests/io/parser/test_dtypes.py
index 861aeba60cab7..930ce1a695e1f 100644
--- a/pandas/tests/io/parser/test_dtypes.py
+++ b/pandas/tests/io/parser/test_dtypes.py
@@ -495,7 +495,7 @@ def test_dtype_with_converters(all_parsers):
         (np.float64, DataFrame(columns=["a", "b"], dtype=np.float64)),
         ("category", DataFrame({"a": Categorical([]), "b": Categorical([])}, index=[])),
         (
-            dict(a="category", b="category"),
+            {"a": "category", "b": "category"},
             DataFrame({"a": Categorical([]), "b": Categorical([])}, index=[]),
         ),
         ("datetime64[ns]", DataFrame(columns=["a", "b"], dtype="datetime64[ns]")),
@@ -510,7 +510,7 @@ def test_dtype_with_converters(all_parsers):
             ),
         ),
         (
-            dict(a=np.int64, b=np.int32),
+            {"a": np.int64, "b": np.int32},
             DataFrame(
                 {"a": Series([], dtype=np.int64), "b": Series([], dtype=np.int32)},
                 index=[],
diff --git a/pandas/tests/io/parser/test_mangle_dupes.py b/pandas/tests/io/parser/test_mangle_dupes.py
index 5c4e642115798..457a6567febab 100644
--- a/pandas/tests/io/parser/test_mangle_dupes.py
+++ b/pandas/tests/io/parser/test_mangle_dupes.py
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@
 import pandas._testing as tm
 
 
-@pytest.mark.parametrize("kwargs", [dict(), dict(mangle_dupe_cols=True)])
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("kwargs", [{}, {"mangle_dupe_cols": True}])
 def test_basic(all_parsers, kwargs):
     # TODO: add test for condition "mangle_dupe_cols=False"
     # once it is actually supported (gh-12935)
diff --git a/pandas/tests/plotting/frame/test_frame.py b/pandas/tests/plotting/frame/test_frame.py
index 77a4c4a8faf5e..4c6ffaf425cf7 100644
--- a/pandas/tests/plotting/frame/test_frame.py
+++ b/pandas/tests/plotting/frame/test_frame.py
@@ -662,12 +662,12 @@ def test_scatterplot_datetime_data(self):
 
     def test_scatterplot_object_data(self):
         # GH 18755
-        df = DataFrame(dict(a=["A", "B", "C"], b=[2, 3, 4]))
+        df = DataFrame({"a": ["A", "B", "C"], "b": [2, 3, 4]})
 
         _check_plot_works(df.plot.scatter, x="a", y="b")
         _check_plot_works(df.plot.scatter, x=0, y=1)
 
-        df = DataFrame(dict(a=["A", "B", "C"], b=["a", "b", "c"]))
+        df = DataFrame({"a": ["A", "B", "C"], "b": ["a", "b", "c"]})
 
         _check_plot_works(df.plot.scatter, x="a", y="b")
         _check_plot_works(df.plot.scatter, x=0, y=1)
@@ -1266,7 +1266,7 @@ def test_line_label_none(self):
     def test_specified_props_kwd_plot_box(self, props, expected):
         # GH 30346
         df = DataFrame({k: np.random.random(100) for k in "ABC"})
-        kwd = {props: dict(color="C1")}
+        kwd = {props: {"color": "C1"}}
         result = df.plot.box(return_type="dict", **kwd)
 
         assert result[expected][0].get_color() == "C1"
@@ -2022,7 +2022,7 @@ def test_secondary_axis_font_size(self, method):
         fontsize = 20
         sy = ["C", "D"]
 
-        kwargs = dict(secondary_y=sy, fontsize=fontsize, mark_right=True)
+        kwargs = {"secondary_y": sy, "fontsize": fontsize, "mark_right": True}
         ax = getattr(df.plot, method)(**kwargs)
         self._check_ticks_props(axes=ax.right_ax, ylabelsize=fontsize)
 
diff --git a/pandas/tests/plotting/frame/test_frame_color.py b/pandas/tests/plotting/frame/test_frame_color.py
index d9fe7363a15ad..f711e9d1092a1 100644
--- a/pandas/tests/plotting/frame/test_frame_color.py
+++ b/pandas/tests/plotting/frame/test_frame_color.py
@@ -551,9 +551,12 @@ def _check_colors(bp, box_c, whiskers_c, medians_c, caps_c="k", fliers_c=None):
         _check_colors(bp, default_colors[0], default_colors[0], default_colors[2])
         tm.close()
 
-        dict_colors = dict(
-            boxes="#572923", whiskers="#982042", medians="#804823", caps="#123456"
-        )
+        dict_colors = {
+            "boxes": "#572923",
+            "whiskers": "#982042",
+            "medians": "#804823",
+            "caps": "#123456",
+        }
         bp = df.plot.box(color=dict_colors, sym="r+", return_type="dict")
         _check_colors(
             bp,
@@ -566,7 +569,7 @@ def _check_colors(bp, box_c, whiskers_c, medians_c, caps_c="k", fliers_c=None):
         tm.close()
 
         # partial colors
-        dict_colors = dict(whiskers="c", medians="m")
+        dict_colors = {"whiskers": "c", "medians": "m"}
         bp = df.plot.box(color=dict_colors, return_type="dict")
         _check_colors(bp, default_colors[0], "c", "m")
         tm.close()
@@ -594,7 +597,7 @@ def _check_colors(bp, box_c, whiskers_c, medians_c, caps_c="k", fliers_c=None):
 
         with pytest.raises(ValueError):
             # Color contains invalid key results in ValueError
-            df.plot.box(color=dict(boxes="red", xxxx="blue"))
+            df.plot.box(color={"boxes": "red", "xxxx": "blue"})
 
     def test_default_color_cycle(self):
         import cycler
diff --git a/pandas/tests/plotting/test_datetimelike.py b/pandas/tests/plotting/test_datetimelike.py
index 590758bc01fbb..3db612bc4afee 100644
--- a/pandas/tests/plotting/test_datetimelike.py
+++ b/pandas/tests/plotting/test_datetimelike.py
@@ -1277,7 +1277,7 @@ def test_mpl_nopandas(self):
         values1 = np.arange(10.0, 11.0, 0.5)
         values2 = np.arange(11.0, 12.0, 0.5)
 
-        kw = dict(fmt="-", lw=4)
+        kw = {"fmt": "-", "lw": 4}
 
         _, ax = self.plt.subplots()
         ax.plot_date([x.toordinal() for x in dates], values1, **kw)
diff --git a/pandas/tests/resample/test_datetime_index.py b/pandas/tests/resample/test_datetime_index.py
index 65b50e829478d..3e41dab39e71d 100644
--- a/pandas/tests/resample/test_datetime_index.py
+++ b/pandas/tests/resample/test_datetime_index.py
@@ -1273,7 +1273,7 @@ def test_resample_timegrouper():
     dates3 = [pd.NaT] + dates1 + [pd.NaT]
 
     for dates in [dates1, dates2, dates3]:
-        df = DataFrame(dict(A=dates, B=np.arange(len(dates))))
+        df = DataFrame({"A": dates, "B": np.arange(len(dates))})
         result = df.set_index("A").resample("M").count()
         exp_idx = DatetimeIndex(
             ["2014-07-31", "2014-08-31", "2014-09-30", "2014-10-31", "2014-11-30"],
@@ -1288,7 +1288,9 @@ def test_resample_timegrouper():
         result = df.groupby(Grouper(freq="M", key="A")).count()
         tm.assert_frame_equal(result, expected)
 
-        df = DataFrame(dict(A=dates, B=np.arange(len(dates)), C=np.arange(len(dates))))
+        df = DataFrame(
+            {"A": dates, "B": np.arange(len(dates)), "C": np.arange(len(dates))}
+        )
         result = df.set_index("A").resample("M").count()
         expected = DataFrame(
             {"B": [1, 0, 2, 2, 1], "C": [1, 0, 2, 2, 1]},
@@ -1728,7 +1730,7 @@ def test_resample_apply_product():
     index = date_range(start="2012-01-31", freq="M", periods=12)
 
     ts = Series(range(12), index=index)
-    df = DataFrame(dict(A=ts, B=ts + 2))
+    df = DataFrame({"A": ts, "B": ts + 2})
     result = df.resample("Q").apply(np.product)
     expected = DataFrame(
         np.array([[0, 24], [60, 210], [336, 720], [990, 1716]], dtype=np.int64),
diff --git a/pandas/tests/reshape/concat/test_empty.py b/pandas/tests/reshape/concat/test_empty.py
index 5c540124de8e6..a97e9265b4f99 100644
--- a/pandas/tests/reshape/concat/test_empty.py
+++ b/pandas/tests/reshape/concat/test_empty.py
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ def test_handle_empty_objects(self, sort):
         # empty as first element with time series
         # GH3259
         df = DataFrame(
-            dict(A=range(10000)), index=date_range("20130101", periods=10000, freq="s")
+            {"A": range(10000)}, index=date_range("20130101", periods=10000, freq="s")
         )
         empty = DataFrame()
         result = concat([df, empty], axis=1)
diff --git a/pandas/tests/reshape/concat/test_invalid.py b/pandas/tests/reshape/concat/test_invalid.py
index 3a886e0d612c6..ec8167906a60c 100644
--- a/pandas/tests/reshape/concat/test_invalid.py
+++ b/pandas/tests/reshape/concat/test_invalid.py
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ def test_concat_invalid(self):
 
         # trying to concat a ndframe with a non-ndframe
         df1 = tm.makeCustomDataframe(10, 2)
-        for obj in [1, dict(), [1, 2], (1, 2)]:
+        for obj in [1, {}, [1, 2], (1, 2)]:
 
             msg = (
                 f"cannot concatenate object of type '{type(obj)}'; "
diff --git a/pandas/tests/reshape/merge/test_merge_index_as_string.py b/pandas/tests/reshape/merge/test_merge_index_as_string.py
index d20d93370ec7e..c3e0a92850c07 100644
--- a/pandas/tests/reshape/merge/test_merge_index_as_string.py
+++ b/pandas/tests/reshape/merge/test_merge_index_as_string.py
@@ -8,22 +8,22 @@
 @pytest.fixture
 def df1():
     return DataFrame(
-        dict(
-            outer=[1, 1, 1, 2, 2, 2, 2, 3, 3, 4, 4],
-            inner=[1, 2, 3, 1, 2, 3, 4, 1, 2, 1, 2],
-            v1=np.linspace(0, 1, 11),
-        )
+        {
+            "outer": [1, 1, 1, 2, 2, 2, 2, 3, 3, 4, 4],
+            "inner": [1, 2, 3, 1, 2, 3, 4, 1, 2, 1, 2],
+            "v1": np.linspace(0, 1, 11),
+        }
     )
 
 
 @pytest.fixture
 def df2():
     return DataFrame(
-        dict(
-            outer=[1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 2, 2, 3, 3, 3, 3],
-            inner=[1, 2, 2, 3, 3, 4, 2, 3, 1, 1, 2, 3],
-            v2=np.linspace(10, 11, 12),
-        )
+        {
+            "outer": [1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 2, 2, 3, 3, 3, 3],
+            "inner": [1, 2, 2, 3, 3, 4, 2, 3, 1, 1, 2, 3],
+            "v2": np.linspace(10, 11, 12),
+        }
     )
 
 
diff --git a/pandas/tests/reshape/test_cut.py b/pandas/tests/reshape/test_cut.py
index 8aa4012b3e77c..4786b8c35a5b1 100644
--- a/pandas/tests/reshape/test_cut.py
+++ b/pandas/tests/reshape/test_cut.py
@@ -377,10 +377,10 @@ def test_series_ret_bins():
 @pytest.mark.parametrize(
     "kwargs,msg",
     [
-        (dict(duplicates="drop"), None),
-        (dict(), "Bin edges must be unique"),
-        (dict(duplicates="raise"), "Bin edges must be unique"),
-        (dict(duplicates="foo"), "invalid value for 'duplicates' parameter"),
+        ({"duplicates": "drop"}, None),
+        ({}, "Bin edges must be unique"),
+        ({"duplicates": "raise"}, "Bin edges must be unique"),
+        ({"duplicates": "foo"}, "invalid value for 'duplicates' parameter"),
     ],
 )
 def test_cut_duplicates_bin(kwargs, msg):
diff --git a/pandas/tests/reshape/test_qcut.py b/pandas/tests/reshape/test_qcut.py
index c436ab5d90578..e7a04bafed8e3 100644
--- a/pandas/tests/reshape/test_qcut.py
+++ b/pandas/tests/reshape/test_qcut.py
@@ -166,10 +166,10 @@ def test_qcut_list_like_labels(labels, expected):
 @pytest.mark.parametrize(
     "kwargs,msg",
     [
-        (dict(duplicates="drop"), None),
-        (dict(), "Bin edges must be unique"),
-        (dict(duplicates="raise"), "Bin edges must be unique"),
-        (dict(duplicates="foo"), "invalid value for 'duplicates' parameter"),
+        ({"duplicates": "drop"}, None),
+        ({}, "Bin edges must be unique"),
+        ({"duplicates": "raise"}, "Bin edges must be unique"),
+        ({"duplicates": "foo"}, "invalid value for 'duplicates' parameter"),
     ],
 )
 def test_qcut_duplicates_bin(kwargs, msg):
diff --git a/pandas/tests/series/indexing/test_datetime.py b/pandas/tests/series/indexing/test_datetime.py
index 71ddf72562f36..a15ef11f9c292 100644
--- a/pandas/tests/series/indexing/test_datetime.py
+++ b/pandas/tests/series/indexing/test_datetime.py
@@ -561,7 +561,7 @@ def test_indexing():
     expected = ts["2001"]
     expected.name = "A"
 
-    df = DataFrame(dict(A=ts))
+    df = DataFrame({"A": ts})
     with tm.assert_produces_warning(FutureWarning):
         # GH#36179 string indexing on rows for DataFrame deprecated
         result = df["2001"]["A"]
diff --git a/pandas/tests/series/indexing/test_indexing.py b/pandas/tests/series/indexing/test_indexing.py
index 682c057f05700..3bb87a8346c78 100644
--- a/pandas/tests/series/indexing/test_indexing.py
+++ b/pandas/tests/series/indexing/test_indexing.py
@@ -667,7 +667,9 @@ def test_underlying_data_conversion():
     df
     df["val"].update(s)
 
-    expected = DataFrame(dict(a=[1, 2, 3], b=[1, 2, 3], c=[1, 2, 3], val=[0, 1, 0]))
+    expected = DataFrame(
+        {"a": [1, 2, 3], "b": [1, 2, 3], "c": [1, 2, 3], "val": [0, 1, 0]}
+    )
     return_value = expected.set_index(["a", "b", "c"], inplace=True)
     assert return_value is None
     tm.assert_frame_equal(df, expected)
@@ -690,11 +692,11 @@ def test_underlying_data_conversion():
     pd.set_option("chained_assignment", "raise")
 
     # GH 3217
-    df = DataFrame(dict(a=[1, 3], b=[np.nan, 2]))
+    df = DataFrame({"a": [1, 3], "b": [np.nan, 2]})
     df["c"] = np.nan
     df["c"].update(Series(["foo"], index=[0]))
 
-    expected = DataFrame(dict(a=[1, 3], b=[np.nan, 2], c=["foo", np.nan]))
+    expected = DataFrame({"a": [1, 3], "b": [np.nan, 2], "c": ["foo", np.nan]})
     tm.assert_frame_equal(df, expected)
 
 
diff --git a/pandas/tests/series/methods/test_interpolate.py b/pandas/tests/series/methods/test_interpolate.py
index 1b05f72f5cf4d..7c64d10675edd 100644
--- a/pandas/tests/series/methods/test_interpolate.py
+++ b/pandas/tests/series/methods/test_interpolate.py
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ def nontemporal_method(request):
     separately from these non-temporal methods.
     """
     method = request.param
-    kwargs = dict(order=1) if method in ("spline", "polynomial") else dict()
+    kwargs = {"order": 1} if method in ("spline", "polynomial") else {}
     return method, kwargs
 
 
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ def interp_methods_ind(request):
     'values' as a parameterization
     """
     method = request.param
-    kwargs = dict(order=1) if method in ("spline", "polynomial") else dict()
+    kwargs = {"order": 1} if method in ("spline", "polynomial") else {}
     return method, kwargs
 
 
diff --git a/pandas/tests/tseries/holiday/test_holiday.py b/pandas/tests/tseries/holiday/test_holiday.py
index a2c146dbd65e8..0fb1da777e357 100644
--- a/pandas/tests/tseries/holiday/test_holiday.py
+++ b/pandas/tests/tseries/holiday/test_holiday.py
@@ -210,16 +210,16 @@ def test_argument_types(transform):
 @pytest.mark.parametrize(
     "name,kwargs",
     [
-        ("One-Time", dict(year=2012, month=5, day=28)),
+        ("One-Time", {"year": 2012, "month": 5, "day": 28}),
         (
             "Range",
-            dict(
-                month=5,
-                day=28,
-                start_date=datetime(2012, 1, 1),
-                end_date=datetime(2012, 12, 31),
-                offset=DateOffset(weekday=MO(1)),
-            ),
+            {
+                "month": 5,
+                "day": 28,
+                "start_date": datetime(2012, 1, 1),
+                "end_date": datetime(2012, 12, 31),
+                "offset": DateOffset(weekday=MO(1)),
+            },
         ),
     ],
 )
diff --git a/pandas/tests/tseries/offsets/test_offsets.py b/pandas/tests/tseries/offsets/test_offsets.py
index fca1316493e85..1ac98247780b7 100644
--- a/pandas/tests/tseries/offsets/test_offsets.py
+++ b/pandas/tests/tseries/offsets/test_offsets.py
@@ -4191,8 +4191,8 @@ class TestDST:
 
     # test both basic names and dateutil timezones
     timezone_utc_offsets = {
-        "US/Eastern": dict(utc_offset_daylight=-4, utc_offset_standard=-5),
-        "dateutil/US/Pacific": dict(utc_offset_daylight=-7, utc_offset_standard=-8),
+        "US/Eastern": {"utc_offset_daylight": -4, "utc_offset_standard": -5},
+        "dateutil/US/Pacific": {"utc_offset_daylight": -7, "utc_offset_standard": -8},
     }
     valid_date_offsets_singular = [
         "weekday",
diff --git a/pandas/tests/tslibs/test_to_offset.py b/pandas/tests/tslibs/test_to_offset.py
index 93e5e2c801c09..5b1134ee85e2c 100644
--- a/pandas/tests/tslibs/test_to_offset.py
+++ b/pandas/tests/tslibs/test_to_offset.py
@@ -131,15 +131,15 @@ def test_to_offset_leading_plus(freqstr, expected):
 @pytest.mark.parametrize(
     "kwargs,expected",
     [
-        (dict(days=1, seconds=1), offsets.Second(86401)),
-        (dict(days=-1, seconds=1), offsets.Second(-86399)),
-        (dict(hours=1, minutes=10), offsets.Minute(70)),
-        (dict(hours=1, minutes=-10), offsets.Minute(50)),
-        (dict(weeks=1), offsets.Day(7)),
-        (dict(hours=1), offsets.Hour(1)),
-        (dict(hours=1), to_offset("60min")),
-        (dict(microseconds=1), offsets.Micro(1)),
-        (dict(microseconds=0), offsets.Nano(0)),
+        ({"days": 1, "seconds": 1}, offsets.Second(86401)),
+        ({"days": -1, "seconds": 1}, offsets.Second(-86399)),
+        ({"hours": 1, "minutes": 10}, offsets.Minute(70)),
+        ({"hours": 1, "minutes": -10}, offsets.Minute(50)),
+        ({"weeks": 1}, offsets.Day(7)),
+        ({"hours": 1}, offsets.Hour(1)),
+        ({"hours": 1}, to_offset("60min")),
+        ({"microseconds": 1}, offsets.Micro(1)),
+        ({"microseconds": 0}, offsets.Nano(0)),
     ],
 )
 def test_to_offset_pd_timedelta(kwargs, expected):
diff --git a/pandas/tests/util/test_assert_categorical_equal.py b/pandas/tests/util/test_assert_categorical_equal.py
index 8957e7a172666..29a0805bceb98 100644
--- a/pandas/tests/util/test_assert_categorical_equal.py
+++ b/pandas/tests/util/test_assert_categorical_equal.py
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ def test_categorical_equal(c):
 def test_categorical_equal_order_mismatch(check_category_order):
     c1 = Categorical([1, 2, 3, 4], categories=[1, 2, 3, 4])
     c2 = Categorical([1, 2, 3, 4], categories=[4, 3, 2, 1])
-    kwargs = dict(check_category_order=check_category_order)
+    kwargs = {"check_category_order": check_category_order}
 
     if check_category_order:
         msg = """Categorical\\.categories are different
diff --git a/pandas/tests/util/test_assert_frame_equal.py b/pandas/tests/util/test_assert_frame_equal.py
index d5161ce37494b..40d2763a13489 100644
--- a/pandas/tests/util/test_assert_frame_equal.py
+++ b/pandas/tests/util/test_assert_frame_equal.py
@@ -120,7 +120,7 @@ def test_frame_equal_shape_mismatch(df1, df2, obj_fixture):
     ],
 )
 def test_frame_equal_index_dtype_mismatch(df1, df2, msg, check_index_type):
-    kwargs = dict(check_index_type=check_index_type)
+    kwargs = {"check_index_type": check_index_type}
 
     if check_index_type:
         with pytest.raises(AssertionError, match=msg):
@@ -134,7 +134,7 @@ def test_empty_dtypes(check_dtype):
     df1 = DataFrame(columns=columns)
     df2 = DataFrame(columns=columns)
 
-    kwargs = dict(check_dtype=check_dtype)
+    kwargs = {"check_dtype": check_dtype}
     df1["col1"] = df1["col1"].astype("int64")
 
     if check_dtype:
diff --git a/pandas/tests/util/test_validate_args.py b/pandas/tests/util/test_validate_args.py
index 746d859b3322e..db532480efe07 100644
--- a/pandas/tests/util/test_validate_args.py
+++ b/pandas/tests/util/test_validate_args.py
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ def test_bad_arg_length_max_value_single():
 
 def test_bad_arg_length_max_value_multiple():
     args = (None, None)
-    compat_args = dict(foo=None)
+    compat_args = {"foo": None}
 
     min_fname_arg_count = 2
     max_length = len(compat_args) + min_fname_arg_count
@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ def test_not_all_defaults(i):
 
 def test_validation():
     # No exceptions should be raised.
-    validate_args(_fname, (None,), 2, dict(out=None))
+    validate_args(_fname, (None,), 2, {"out": None})
 
     compat_args = {"axis": 1, "out": None}
     validate_args(_fname, (1, None), 2, compat_args)
diff --git a/pandas/tests/util/test_validate_kwargs.py b/pandas/tests/util/test_validate_kwargs.py
index 8fe2a3712bf49..c357affb6203d 100644
--- a/pandas/tests/util/test_validate_kwargs.py
+++ b/pandas/tests/util/test_validate_kwargs.py
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ def test_validation():
     # No exceptions should be raised.
     compat_args = {"f": None, "b": 1, "ba": "s"}
 
-    kwargs = dict(f=None, b=1)
+    kwargs = {"f": None, "b": 1}
     validate_kwargs(_fname, kwargs, compat_args)
 
 
diff --git a/pandas/util/_print_versions.py b/pandas/util/_print_versions.py
index 72003eeddf5ee..5256cc29d5543 100644
--- a/pandas/util/_print_versions.py
+++ b/pandas/util/_print_versions.py
@@ -106,7 +106,7 @@ def show_versions(as_json: Union[str, bool] = False) -> None:
     deps = _get_dependency_info()
 
     if as_json:
-        j = dict(system=sys_info, dependencies=deps)
+        j = {"system": sys_info, "dependencies": deps}
 
         if as_json is True:
             print(j)

From c39a2947cd380f3c19e185714a8e784747d40bc3 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: VirosaLi <2EkF8qUgpNkj>
Date: Fri, 27 Nov 2020 12:59:35 -0600
Subject: [PATCH 2/2] fix typos

---
 pandas/compat/numpy/function.py             | 2 +-
 pandas/tests/arithmetic/test_timedelta64.py | 2 +-
 2 files changed, 2 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/pandas/compat/numpy/function.py b/pandas/compat/numpy/function.py
index 8db999e79fad8..c47c31fabeb70 100644
--- a/pandas/compat/numpy/function.py
+++ b/pandas/compat/numpy/function.py
@@ -300,7 +300,7 @@ def validate_take_with_convert(convert, args, kwargs):
     return convert
 
 
-TRANSPOSE_DEFAULTS = {"axis": None}
+TRANSPOSE_DEFAULTS = {"axes": None}
 validate_transpose = CompatValidator(
     TRANSPOSE_DEFAULTS, fname="transpose", method="both", max_fname_arg_count=0
 )
diff --git a/pandas/tests/arithmetic/test_timedelta64.py b/pandas/tests/arithmetic/test_timedelta64.py
index 22c1951a1bce4..092a3f0d4402f 100644
--- a/pandas/tests/arithmetic/test_timedelta64.py
+++ b/pandas/tests/arithmetic/test_timedelta64.py
@@ -822,7 +822,7 @@ def test_operators_timedelta64(self):
         tm.assert_series_equal(rs, xp)
         assert rs.dtype == "timedelta64[ns]"
 
-        df = DataFrame({"A": "v1"})
+        df = DataFrame({"A": v1})
         td = Series([timedelta(days=i) for i in range(3)])
         assert td.dtype == "timedelta64[ns]"