diff --git a/src/huggingface_hub/hf_file_system.py b/src/huggingface_hub/hf_file_system.py
index b341d5ae59..079060c10e 100644
--- a/src/huggingface_hub/hf_file_system.py
+++ b/src/huggingface_hub/hf_file_system.py
@@ -115,6 +115,8 @@ def __init__(
         self._repo_and_revision_exists_cache: Dict[
             Tuple[str, str, Optional[str]], Tuple[bool, Optional[Exception]]
         ] = {}
+        # Maps parent directory path to path infos
+        self.dircache: Dict[str, List[Dict[str, Any]]] = {}
 
     def _repo_and_revision_exist(
         self, repo_type: str, repo_id: str, revision: Optional[str]
@@ -927,6 +929,18 @@ def start_transaction(self):
         # See https://github.com/huggingface/huggingface_hub/issues/1733
         raise NotImplementedError("Transactional commits are not supported.")
 
+    def __reduce__(self):
+        # re-populate the instance cache at HfFileSystem._cache and re-populate the cache attributes of every instance
+        return make_instance, (
+            type(self),
+            self.storage_args,
+            self.storage_options,
+            {
+                "dircache": self.dircache,
+                "_repo_and_revision_exists_cache": self._repo_and_revision_exists_cache,
+            },
+        )
+
 
 class HfFileSystemFile(fsspec.spec.AbstractBufferedFile):
     def __init__(self, fs: HfFileSystem, path: str, revision: Optional[str] = None, **kwargs):
@@ -1127,3 +1141,10 @@ def _raise_file_not_found(path: str, err: Optional[Exception]) -> NoReturn:
 
 def reopen(fs: HfFileSystem, path: str, mode: str, block_size: int, cache_type: str):
     return fs.open(path, mode=mode, block_size=block_size, cache_type=cache_type)
+
+
+def make_instance(cls, args, kwargs, instance_cache_attributes_dict):
+    fs = cls(*args, **kwargs)
+    for attr, cached_value in instance_cache_attributes_dict.items():
+        setattr(fs, attr, cached_value)
+    return fs
diff --git a/tests/test_hf_file_system.py b/tests/test_hf_file_system.py
index 5ba382cb95..6acf0c7e61 100644
--- a/tests/test_hf_file_system.py
+++ b/tests/test_hf_file_system.py
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 import datetime
 import io
 import os
+import pickle
 import tempfile
 import unittest
 from pathlib import Path
@@ -20,7 +21,7 @@
 )
 
 from .testing_constants import ENDPOINT_STAGING, TOKEN
-from .testing_utils import repo_name, with_production_testing
+from .testing_utils import OfflineSimulationMode, offline, repo_name, with_production_testing
 
 
 class HfFileSystemTests(unittest.TestCase):
@@ -486,6 +487,20 @@ def test_get_file_on_folder(self):
             self.hffs.get_file(self.hf_path + "/data", temp_dir + "/data")
             assert (Path(temp_dir) / "data").exists()
 
+    def test_pickle(self):
+        # Test that pickling re-populates the HfFileSystem cache and keeps the instance cache attributes
+        fs = HfFileSystem()
+        fs.isfile(self.text_file)
+        pickled = pickle.dumps(fs)
+        HfFileSystem.clear_instance_cache()
+        with offline(mode=OfflineSimulationMode.CONNECTION_FAILS):
+            fs = pickle.loads(pickled)
+            assert isinstance(fs, HfFileSystem)
+            assert fs in HfFileSystem._cache.values()
+            assert self.hf_path + "/data" in fs.dircache
+            assert list(fs._repo_and_revision_exists_cache)[0][1] == self.repo_id
+            assert fs.isfile(self.text_file)
+
 
 @pytest.mark.parametrize("path_in_repo", ["", "file.txt", "path/to/file"])
 @pytest.mark.parametrize(