cmd/link: add option to enable full RELRO for ELF

-bindnow linker option enables full RELRO on ELF targets.

This options defaults to false and preserves
current behavior - partial relro for buildmode=pie.

Also, the following changes were made to align
internal linker's behavior with external ELF linkers:
- GNU_RELRO segment is marked Read-only
- .dynamic is a relro section for partial and full RELRO
- .got is a relro section for partial and full RELRO
- .got.plt is a relro section for full RELRO only

Supersedes #45681 (golang.org/cl/312509)

Author: nrvnrvn

src/cmd/go/internal/work/security.go

@@ -210,8 +210,7 @@ var validLinkerFlags = []*lazyregexp.Regexp{
 	re(`-Wl,-?-unresolved-symbols=[^,]+`),
 	re(`-Wl,--(no-)?warn-([^,]+)`),
 	re(`-Wl,-?-wrap[=,][^,@\-][^,]*`),
-	re(`-Wl,-z,(no)?execstack`),
-	re(`-Wl,-z,relro`),
+	re(`-Wl(,-z,(relro|now|(no)?execstack))+`),
 
 	re(`[a-zA-Z0-9_/].*\.(a|o|obj|dll|dylib|so|tbd)`), // direct linker inputs: x.o or libfoo.so (but not -foo.o or @foo.o)
 	re(`\./.*\.(a|o|obj|dll|dylib|so|tbd)`),

src/cmd/go/internal/work/security_test.go

@@ -167,6 +167,10 @@ var goodLinkerFlags = [][]string{
 	{"-Wl,-framework", "-Wl,Chocolate"},
 	{"-Wl,-framework,Chocolate"},
 	{"-Wl,-unresolved-symbols=ignore-all"},
+	{"-Wl,-z,relro"},
+	{"-Wl,-z,relro,-z,now"},
+	{"-Wl,-z,now"},
+	{"-Wl,-z,noexecstack"},
 	{"libcgotbdtest.tbd"},
 	{"./libcgotbdtest.tbd"},
 }

src/cmd/link/doc.go

@@ -47,6 +47,8 @@ Flags:
 		Link with C/C++ address sanitizer support.
 	-aslr
 		Enable ASLR for buildmode=c-shared on windows (default true).
+	-bindnow
+		Mark ELF object for immediate function binding (default false).
 	-buildid id
 		Record id as Go toolchain build id.
 	-buildmode mode

src/cmd/link/internal/ld/elf.go

@@ -1056,10 +1056,16 @@ func elfdynhash(ctxt *Link) {
 	}
 
 	s = ldr.CreateSymForUpdate(".dynamic", 0)
-	if ctxt.BuildMode == BuildModePIE {
-		// https://github.com/bminor/glibc/blob/895ef79e04a953cac1493863bcae29ad85657ee1/elf/elf.h#L986
-		const DTFLAGS_1_PIE = 0x08000000
-		Elfwritedynent(ctxt.Arch, s, elf.DT_FLAGS_1, uint64(DTFLAGS_1_PIE))
+	if *flagBindNow {
+		Elfwritedynent(ctxt.Arch, s, elf.DT_FLAGS, uint64(elf.DF_BIND_NOW))
+	}
+	switch {
+	case ctxt.BuildMode == BuildModePIE && *flagBindNow:
+		Elfwritedynent(ctxt.Arch, s, elf.DT_FLAGS_1, uint64(elf.DF_1_PIE)|uint64(elf.DF_1_NOW))
+	case ctxt.BuildMode == BuildModePIE && !*flagBindNow:
+		Elfwritedynent(ctxt.Arch, s, elf.DT_FLAGS_1, uint64(elf.DF_1_PIE))
+	case ctxt.BuildMode != BuildModePIE && *flagBindNow:
+		Elfwritedynent(ctxt.Arch, s, elf.DT_FLAGS_1, uint64(elf.DF_1_NOW))
 	}
 	elfverneed = nfile
 	if elfverneed != 0 {
@@ -1107,6 +1113,7 @@ func elfphload(seg *sym.Segment) *ElfPhdr {
 func elfphrelro(seg *sym.Segment) {
 	ph := newElfPhdr()
 	ph.Type = elf.PT_GNU_RELRO
+	ph.Flags = elf.PF_R
 	ph.Vaddr = seg.Vaddr
 	ph.Paddr = seg.Vaddr
 	ph.Memsz = seg.Length
@@ -1556,7 +1563,11 @@ func (ctxt *Link) doelf() {
 
 		/* global offset table */
 		got := ldr.CreateSymForUpdate(".got", 0)
-		got.SetType(sym.SELFGOT) // writable
+		if ctxt.UseRelro() {
+			got.SetType(sym.SRODATARELRO)
+		} else {
+			got.SetType(sym.SELFGOT) // writable
+		}
 
 		/* ppc64 glink resolver */
 		if ctxt.IsPPC64() {
@@ -1569,7 +1580,11 @@ func (ctxt *Link) doelf() {
 		hash.SetType(sym.SELFROSECT)
 
 		gotplt := ldr.CreateSymForUpdate(".got.plt", 0)
-		gotplt.SetType(sym.SELFSECT) // writable
+		if ctxt.UseRelro() && *flagBindNow {
+			gotplt.SetType(sym.SRODATARELRO)
+		} else {
+			gotplt.SetType(sym.SELFSECT) // writable
+		}
 
 		plt := ldr.CreateSymForUpdate(".plt", 0)
 		if ctxt.IsPPC64() {
@@ -1591,9 +1606,12 @@ func (ctxt *Link) doelf() {
 
 		/* define dynamic elf table */
 		dynamic := ldr.CreateSymForUpdate(".dynamic", 0)
-		if thearch.ELF.DynamicReadOnly {
+		switch {
+		case thearch.ELF.DynamicReadOnly:
 			dynamic.SetType(sym.SELFROSECT)
-		} else {
+		case ctxt.UseRelro():
+			dynamic.SetType(sym.SRODATARELRO)
+		default:
 			dynamic.SetType(sym.SELFSECT)
 		}
 

src/cmd/link/internal/ld/lib.go

@@ -1599,12 +1599,14 @@ func (ctxt *Link) hostlink() {
 	}
 
 	var altLinker string
-	if ctxt.IsELF && ctxt.DynlinkingGo() {
+	if ctxt.IsELF && (ctxt.DynlinkingGo() || *flagBindNow) {
 		// We force all symbol resolution to be done at program startup
 		// because lazy PLT resolution can use large amounts of stack at
 		// times we cannot allow it to do so.
 		argv = append(argv, "-Wl,-z,now")
+	}
 
+	if ctxt.IsELF && ctxt.DynlinkingGo() {
 		// Do not let the host linker generate COPY relocations. These
 		// can move symbols out of sections that rely on stable offsets
 		// from the beginning of the section (like sym.STYPE).

src/cmd/link/internal/ld/main.go

@@ -63,6 +63,7 @@ func init() {
 // Flags used by the linker. The exported flags are used by the architecture-specific packages.
 var (
 	flagBuildid = flag.String("buildid", "", "record `id` as Go toolchain build id")
+	flagBindNow = flag.Bool("bindnow", false, "mark ELF object for immediate function binding")
 
 	flagOutfile    = flag.String("o", "", "write output to `file`")
 	flagPluginPath = flag.String("pluginpath", "", "full path name for plugin")