diff --git a/packages/core/src/baseclient.ts b/packages/core/src/baseclient.ts
index 4b3796c295f3..59afda8dc43b 100644
--- a/packages/core/src/baseclient.ts
+++ b/packages/core/src/baseclient.ts
@@ -414,7 +414,7 @@ export abstract class BaseClient<O extends ClientOptions> implements Client<O> {
   public on(hook: 'beforeAddBreadcrumb', callback: (breadcrumb: Breadcrumb, hint?: BreadcrumbHint) => void): void;
 
   /** @inheritdoc */
-  public on(hook: 'createDsc', callback: (dsc: DynamicSamplingContext) => void): void;
+  public on(hook: 'createDsc', callback: (dsc: DynamicSamplingContext, rootSpan?: Span) => void): void;
 
   /** @inheritdoc */
   public on(
@@ -499,7 +499,7 @@ export abstract class BaseClient<O extends ClientOptions> implements Client<O> {
   public emit(hook: 'beforeAddBreadcrumb', breadcrumb: Breadcrumb, hint?: BreadcrumbHint): void;
 
   /** @inheritdoc */
-  public emit(hook: 'createDsc', dsc: DynamicSamplingContext): void;
+  public emit(hook: 'createDsc', dsc: DynamicSamplingContext, rootSpan?: Span): void;
 
   /** @inheritdoc */
   public emit(hook: 'beforeSendFeedback', feedback: FeedbackEvent, options?: { includeReplay: boolean }): void;
diff --git a/packages/core/src/tracing/dynamicSamplingContext.ts b/packages/core/src/tracing/dynamicSamplingContext.ts
index 15486950649c..d47dfd7ff317 100644
--- a/packages/core/src/tracing/dynamicSamplingContext.ts
+++ b/packages/core/src/tracing/dynamicSamplingContext.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 import type { Client, DynamicSamplingContext, Span } from '@sentry/types';
 import {
   addNonEnumerableProperty,
+  baggageHeaderToDynamicSamplingContext,
   dropUndefinedKeys,
   dynamicSamplingContextToSentryBaggageHeader,
 } from '@sentry/utils';
@@ -66,15 +67,25 @@ export function getDynamicSamplingContextFromSpan(span: Span): Readonly<Partial<
   const dsc = getDynamicSamplingContextFromClient(spanToJSON(span).trace_id || '', client);
 
   const rootSpan = getRootSpan(span);
-  if (!rootSpan) {
-    return dsc;
-  }
 
+  // For core implementation, we freeze the DSC onto the span as a non-enumerable property
   const frozenDsc = (rootSpan as SpanWithMaybeDsc)[FROZEN_DSC_FIELD];
   if (frozenDsc) {
     return frozenDsc;
   }
 
+  // For OpenTelemetry, we freeze the DSC on the trace state
+  const traceState = rootSpan.spanContext().traceState;
+  const traceStateDsc = traceState && traceState.get('sentry.dsc');
+
+  // If the span has a DSC, we want it to take precedence
+  const dscOnTraceState = traceStateDsc && baggageHeaderToDynamicSamplingContext(traceStateDsc);
+
+  if (dscOnTraceState) {
+    return dscOnTraceState;
+  }
+
+  // Else, we generate it from the span
   const jsonSpan = spanToJSON(rootSpan);
   const attributes = jsonSpan.data || {};
   const maybeSampleRate = attributes[SEMANTIC_ATTRIBUTE_SENTRY_SAMPLE_RATE];
@@ -87,13 +98,14 @@ export function getDynamicSamplingContextFromSpan(span: Span): Readonly<Partial<
   const source = attributes[SEMANTIC_ATTRIBUTE_SENTRY_SOURCE];
 
   // after JSON conversion, txn.name becomes jsonSpan.description
-  if (source && source !== 'url') {
-    dsc.transaction = jsonSpan.description;
+  const name = jsonSpan.description;
+  if (source !== 'url' && name) {
+    dsc.transaction = name;
   }
 
   dsc.sampled = String(spanIsSampled(rootSpan));
 
-  client.emit('createDsc', dsc);
+  client.emit('createDsc', dsc, rootSpan);
 
   return dsc;
 }
diff --git a/packages/core/test/lib/tracing/dynamicSamplingContext.test.ts b/packages/core/test/lib/tracing/dynamicSamplingContext.test.ts
index 107c039f948c..095416d929df 100644
--- a/packages/core/test/lib/tracing/dynamicSamplingContext.test.ts
+++ b/packages/core/test/lib/tracing/dynamicSamplingContext.test.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import type { TransactionSource } from '@sentry/types';
+import type { Span, SpanContextData, TransactionSource } from '@sentry/types';
 import {
   SEMANTIC_ATTRIBUTE_SENTRY_SAMPLE_RATE,
   SEMANTIC_ATTRIBUTE_SENTRY_SOURCE,
@@ -33,6 +33,27 @@ describe('getDynamicSamplingContextFromSpan', () => {
     expect(dynamicSamplingContext).toStrictEqual({ environment: 'myEnv' });
   });
 
+  test('uses frozen DSC from traceState', () => {
+    const rootSpan = {
+      spanContext() {
+        return {
+          traceId: '1234',
+          spanId: '12345',
+          traceFlags: 0,
+          traceState: {
+            get() {
+              return 'sentry-environment=myEnv2';
+            },
+          } as unknown as SpanContextData['traceState'],
+        };
+      },
+    } as Span;
+
+    const dynamicSamplingContext = getDynamicSamplingContextFromSpan(rootSpan);
+
+    expect(dynamicSamplingContext).toStrictEqual({ environment: 'myEnv2' });
+  });
+
   test('returns a new DSC, if no DSC was provided during rootSpan creation (via attributes)', () => {
     const rootSpan = startInactiveSpan({ name: 'tx' });
 
diff --git a/packages/node/src/sdk/index.ts b/packages/node/src/sdk/index.ts
index f149a44c06a0..490826c3953b 100644
--- a/packages/node/src/sdk/index.ts
+++ b/packages/node/src/sdk/index.ts
@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@ import {
   startSession,
 } from '@sentry/core';
 import {
+  enhanceDscWithOpenTelemetryRootSpanName,
   openTelemetrySetupCheck,
   setOpenTelemetryContextAsyncContextStrategy,
   setupEventContextTrace,
@@ -175,6 +176,7 @@ function _init(
     validateOpenTelemetrySetup();
   }
 
+  enhanceDscWithOpenTelemetryRootSpanName(client);
   setupEventContextTrace(client);
 }
 
diff --git a/packages/opentelemetry/src/index.ts b/packages/opentelemetry/src/index.ts
index 97ed2f2e4764..5e99f7eb8c33 100644
--- a/packages/opentelemetry/src/index.ts
+++ b/packages/opentelemetry/src/index.ts
@@ -16,10 +16,13 @@ export {
   spanHasStatus,
 } from './utils/spanTypes';
 
-export { getDynamicSamplingContextFromSpan } from './utils/dynamicSamplingContext';
+// Re-export this for backwards compatibility (this used to be a different implementation)
+export { getDynamicSamplingContextFromSpan } from '@sentry/core';
 
 export { isSentryRequestSpan } from './utils/isSentryRequest';
 
+export { enhanceDscWithOpenTelemetryRootSpanName } from './utils/enhanceDscWithOpenTelemetryRootSpanName';
+
 export { getActiveSpan } from './utils/getActiveSpan';
 export { startSpan, startSpanManual, startInactiveSpan, withActiveSpan, continueTrace } from './trace';
 
diff --git a/packages/opentelemetry/src/propagator.ts b/packages/opentelemetry/src/propagator.ts
index 05b108583f98..ac8340bdc66a 100644
--- a/packages/opentelemetry/src/propagator.ts
+++ b/packages/opentelemetry/src/propagator.ts
@@ -8,7 +8,13 @@ import type { continueTrace } from '@sentry/core';
 import { hasTracingEnabled } from '@sentry/core';
 import { getRootSpan } from '@sentry/core';
 import { spanToJSON } from '@sentry/core';
-import { getClient, getCurrentScope, getDynamicSamplingContextFromClient, getIsolationScope } from '@sentry/core';
+import {
+  getClient,
+  getCurrentScope,
+  getDynamicSamplingContextFromClient,
+  getDynamicSamplingContextFromSpan,
+  getIsolationScope,
+} from '@sentry/core';
 import type { DynamicSamplingContext, Options, PropagationContext } from '@sentry/types';
 import {
   LRUMap,
@@ -32,7 +38,6 @@ import {
 } from './constants';
 import { DEBUG_BUILD } from './debug-build';
 import { getScopesFromContext, setScopesOnContext } from './utils/contextData';
-import { getDynamicSamplingContextFromSpan } from './utils/dynamicSamplingContext';
 import { getSamplingDecision } from './utils/getSamplingDecision';
 import { setIsSetup } from './utils/setupCheck';
 
diff --git a/packages/opentelemetry/src/setupEventContextTrace.ts b/packages/opentelemetry/src/setupEventContextTrace.ts
index fc3441b06792..f2e1454a02df 100644
--- a/packages/opentelemetry/src/setupEventContextTrace.ts
+++ b/packages/opentelemetry/src/setupEventContextTrace.ts
@@ -1,8 +1,6 @@
+import { getDynamicSamplingContextFromSpan, getRootSpan } from '@sentry/core';
 import type { Client } from '@sentry/types';
 import { dropUndefinedKeys } from '@sentry/utils';
-import { getDynamicSamplingContextFromSpan } from './utils/dynamicSamplingContext';
-
-import { getRootSpan } from '@sentry/core';
 import { SENTRY_TRACE_STATE_PARENT_SPAN_ID } from './constants';
 import { getActiveSpan } from './utils/getActiveSpan';
 import { spanHasParentId } from './utils/spanTypes';
diff --git a/packages/opentelemetry/src/spanExporter.ts b/packages/opentelemetry/src/spanExporter.ts
index ebd1536ff9b4..94e12bc019a8 100644
--- a/packages/opentelemetry/src/spanExporter.ts
+++ b/packages/opentelemetry/src/spanExporter.ts
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ import { SEMATTRS_HTTP_STATUS_CODE } from '@opentelemetry/semantic-conventions';
 import {
   captureEvent,
   getCapturedScopesOnSpan,
+  getDynamicSamplingContextFromSpan,
   getMetricSummaryJsonForSpan,
   timedEventsToMeasurements,
 } from '@sentry/core';
@@ -22,7 +23,6 @@ import { SENTRY_TRACE_STATE_PARENT_SPAN_ID } from './constants';
 import { DEBUG_BUILD } from './debug-build';
 import { SEMANTIC_ATTRIBUTE_SENTRY_PARENT_IS_REMOTE } from './semanticAttributes';
 import { convertOtelTimeToSeconds } from './utils/convertOtelTimeToSeconds';
-import { getDynamicSamplingContextFromSpan } from './utils/dynamicSamplingContext';
 import { getRequestSpanData } from './utils/getRequestSpanData';
 import type { SpanNode } from './utils/groupSpansWithParents';
 import { getLocalParentId } from './utils/groupSpansWithParents';
@@ -242,7 +242,7 @@ function createTransactionForOtelSpan(span: ReadableSpan): TransactionEvent {
         capturedSpanScope: capturedSpanScopes.scope,
         capturedSpanIsolationScope: capturedSpanScopes.isolationScope,
         sampleRate,
-        dynamicSamplingContext: getDynamicSamplingContextFromSpan(span),
+        dynamicSamplingContext: getDynamicSamplingContextFromSpan(span as unknown as Span),
       }),
     },
     ...(source && {
diff --git a/packages/opentelemetry/src/trace.ts b/packages/opentelemetry/src/trace.ts
index d55a7ba04a9f..b7d60ab117ad 100644
--- a/packages/opentelemetry/src/trace.ts
+++ b/packages/opentelemetry/src/trace.ts
@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ import {
   continueTrace as baseContinueTrace,
   getClient,
   getCurrentScope,
+  getDynamicSamplingContextFromSpan,
   getRootSpan,
   handleCallbackErrors,
   spanToJSON,
@@ -16,7 +17,6 @@ import { continueTraceAsRemoteSpan, makeTraceState } from './propagator';
 
 import type { OpenTelemetryClient, OpenTelemetrySpanContext } from './types';
 import { getContextFromScope, getScopesFromContext } from './utils/contextData';
-import { getDynamicSamplingContextFromSpan } from './utils/dynamicSamplingContext';
 import { getSamplingDecision } from './utils/getSamplingDecision';
 
 /**
diff --git a/packages/opentelemetry/src/utils/dynamicSamplingContext.ts b/packages/opentelemetry/src/utils/dynamicSamplingContext.ts
deleted file mode 100644
index 3e4f9f67ae84..000000000000
--- a/packages/opentelemetry/src/utils/dynamicSamplingContext.ts
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,65 +0,0 @@
-import {
-  SEMANTIC_ATTRIBUTE_SENTRY_SAMPLE_RATE,
-  SEMANTIC_ATTRIBUTE_SENTRY_SOURCE,
-  getClient,
-  getDynamicSamplingContextFromClient,
-} from '@sentry/core';
-import type { DynamicSamplingContext } from '@sentry/types';
-import { baggageHeaderToDynamicSamplingContext } from '@sentry/utils';
-import { SENTRY_TRACE_STATE_DSC } from '../constants';
-import type { AbstractSpan } from '../types';
-import { getSamplingDecision } from './getSamplingDecision';
-import { parseSpanDescription } from './parseSpanDescription';
-import { spanHasAttributes, spanHasName } from './spanTypes';
-
-/**
- * Creates a dynamic sampling context from a span (and client and scope)
- *
- * @param span the span from which a few values like the root span name and sample rate are extracted.
- *
- * @returns a dynamic sampling context
- */
-export function getDynamicSamplingContextFromSpan(span: AbstractSpan): Readonly<Partial<DynamicSamplingContext>> {
-  const client = getClient();
-  if (!client) {
-    return {};
-  }
-
-  const traceState = span.spanContext().traceState;
-  const traceStateDsc = traceState?.get(SENTRY_TRACE_STATE_DSC);
-
-  // If the span has a DSC, we want it to take precedence
-  const dscOnSpan = traceStateDsc ? baggageHeaderToDynamicSamplingContext(traceStateDsc) : undefined;
-
-  if (dscOnSpan) {
-    return dscOnSpan;
-  }
-
-  const dsc = getDynamicSamplingContextFromClient(span.spanContext().traceId, client);
-
-  const attributes = spanHasAttributes(span) ? span.attributes : {};
-
-  const sampleRate = attributes[SEMANTIC_ATTRIBUTE_SENTRY_SAMPLE_RATE];
-  if (sampleRate != null) {
-    dsc.sample_rate = `${sampleRate}`;
-  }
-
-  // We don't want to have a transaction name in the DSC if the source is "url" because URLs might contain PII
-  const source = attributes[SEMANTIC_ATTRIBUTE_SENTRY_SOURCE];
-
-  // If the span has no name, we assume it is non-recording and want to opt out of using any description
-  const { description } = spanHasName(span) ? parseSpanDescription(span) : { description: '' };
-
-  if (source !== 'url' && description) {
-    dsc.transaction = description;
-  }
-
-  const sampled = getSamplingDecision(span.spanContext());
-  if (sampled != null) {
-    dsc.sampled = String(sampled);
-  }
-
-  client.emit('createDsc', dsc);
-
-  return dsc;
-}
diff --git a/packages/opentelemetry/src/utils/enhanceDscWithOpenTelemetryRootSpanName.ts b/packages/opentelemetry/src/utils/enhanceDscWithOpenTelemetryRootSpanName.ts
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..af086451ac1b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/opentelemetry/src/utils/enhanceDscWithOpenTelemetryRootSpanName.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+import { SEMANTIC_ATTRIBUTE_SENTRY_SOURCE, spanToJSON } from '@sentry/core';
+import type { Client } from '@sentry/types';
+import { parseSpanDescription } from './parseSpanDescription';
+import { spanHasName } from './spanTypes';
+
+/**
+ * Setup a DSC handler on the passed client,
+ * ensuring that the transaction name is inferred from the span correctly.
+ */
+export function enhanceDscWithOpenTelemetryRootSpanName(client: Client): void {
+  client.on('createDsc', (dsc, rootSpan) => {
+    // We want to overwrite the transaction on the DSC that is created by default in core
+    // The reason for this is that we want to infer the span name, not use the initial one
+    // Otherwise, we'll get names like "GET" instead of e.g. "GET /foo"
+    // `parseSpanDescription` takes the attributes of the span into account for the name
+    // This mutates the passed-in DSC
+    if (rootSpan) {
+      const jsonSpan = spanToJSON(rootSpan);
+      const attributes = jsonSpan.data || {};
+      const source = attributes[SEMANTIC_ATTRIBUTE_SENTRY_SOURCE];
+
+      const { description } = spanHasName(rootSpan) ? parseSpanDescription(rootSpan) : { description: undefined };
+      if (source !== 'url' && description) {
+        dsc.transaction = description;
+      }
+    }
+  });
+}
diff --git a/packages/opentelemetry/test/trace.test.ts b/packages/opentelemetry/test/trace.test.ts
index 289c494c7a75..2da8c7a8b511 100644
--- a/packages/opentelemetry/test/trace.test.ts
+++ b/packages/opentelemetry/test/trace.test.ts
@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@ import {
   getClient,
   getCurrentScope,
   getDynamicSamplingContextFromClient,
+  getDynamicSamplingContextFromSpan,
   getRootSpan,
   spanIsSampled,
   spanToJSON,
@@ -24,7 +25,6 @@ import { makeTraceState } from '../src/propagator';
 import { SEMATTRS_HTTP_METHOD } from '@opentelemetry/semantic-conventions';
 import { continueTrace, startInactiveSpan, startSpan, startSpanManual } from '../src/trace';
 import type { AbstractSpan } from '../src/types';
-import { getDynamicSamplingContextFromSpan } from '../src/utils/dynamicSamplingContext';
 import { getActiveSpan } from '../src/utils/getActiveSpan';
 import { getSamplingDecision } from '../src/utils/getSamplingDecision';
 import { getSpanKind } from '../src/utils/getSpanKind';
@@ -983,24 +983,16 @@ describe('trace', () => {
       withScope(scope => {
         const propagationContext = scope.getPropagationContext();
 
-        const ctx = trace.setSpanContext(ROOT_CONTEXT, {
-          traceId: '12312012123120121231201212312012',
-          spanId: '1121201211212012',
-          isRemote: false,
-          traceFlags: TraceFlags.SAMPLED,
-          traceState: undefined,
-        });
-
-        context.with(ctx, () => {
+        startSpan({ name: 'parent span' }, parentSpan => {
           const span = startInactiveSpan({ name: 'test span' });
 
           expect(span).toBeDefined();
-          expect(spanToJSON(span).trace_id).toEqual('12312012123120121231201212312012');
-          expect(spanToJSON(span).parent_span_id).toEqual('1121201211212012');
+          expect(spanToJSON(span).trace_id).toEqual(parentSpan.spanContext().traceId);
+          expect(spanToJSON(span).parent_span_id).toEqual(parentSpan.spanContext().spanId);
           expect(getDynamicSamplingContextFromSpan(span)).toEqual({
             ...getDynamicSamplingContextFromClient(propagationContext.traceId, getClient()!),
-            trace_id: '12312012123120121231201212312012',
-            transaction: 'test span',
+            trace_id: parentSpan.spanContext().traceId,
+            transaction: 'parent span',
             sampled: 'true',
             sample_rate: '1',
           });
diff --git a/packages/types/src/client.ts b/packages/types/src/client.ts
index b4609ec0568c..bb0ec4646211 100644
--- a/packages/types/src/client.ts
+++ b/packages/types/src/client.ts
@@ -244,7 +244,7 @@ export interface Client<O extends ClientOptions = ClientOptions> {
   /**
    * Register a callback when a DSC (Dynamic Sampling Context) is created.
    */
-  on(hook: 'createDsc', callback: (dsc: DynamicSamplingContext) => void): void;
+  on(hook: 'createDsc', callback: (dsc: DynamicSamplingContext, rootSpan?: Span) => void): void;
 
   /**
    * Register a callback when a Feedback event has been prepared.
@@ -338,7 +338,7 @@ export interface Client<O extends ClientOptions = ClientOptions> {
   /**
    * Fire a hook for when a DSC (Dynamic Sampling Context) is created. Expects the DSC as second argument.
    */
-  emit(hook: 'createDsc', dsc: DynamicSamplingContext): void;
+  emit(hook: 'createDsc', dsc: DynamicSamplingContext, rootSpan?: Span): void;
 
   /**
    * Fire a hook event for after preparing a feedback event. Events to be given