diff --git a/test/BUILD b/test/BUILD
index adb5f80de..cad3602b8 100644
--- a/test/BUILD
+++ b/test/BUILD
@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@ load(":output_file_map_tests.bzl", "output_file_map_test_suite")
 load(":pch_output_dir_tests.bzl", "pch_output_dir_test_suite")
 load(":private_deps_tests.bzl", "private_deps_test_suite")
 load(":private_swiftinterface_tests.bzl", "private_swiftinterface_test_suite")
+load(":runtime_deps_tests.bzl", "runtime_deps_test_suite")
 load(":split_derived_files_tests.bzl", "split_derived_files_test_suite")
 load(":swift_binary_linking_tests.bzl", "swift_binary_linking_test_suite")
 load(":swift_through_non_swift_tests.bzl", "swift_through_non_swift_test_suite")
@@ -75,6 +76,8 @@ utils_test_suite(name = "utils")
 
 xctest_runner_test_suite(name = "xctest_runner")
 
+runtime_deps_test_suite(name = "runtime_deps")
+
 test_suite(
     name = "all_tests",
 )
diff --git a/test/fixtures/runtime_deps/BUILD b/test/fixtures/runtime_deps/BUILD
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..10a5234eb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/fixtures/runtime_deps/BUILD
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+load("//swift:swift_binary.bzl", "swift_binary")
+load("//swift:swift_library.bzl", "swift_library")
+load("//test/fixtures:common.bzl", "FIXTURE_TAGS")
+
+package(
+    default_visibility = ["//test:__subpackages__"],
+)
+
+exports_files(["transitive_data.txt"])
+
+swift_library(
+    name = "transitive_library",
+    srcs = ["transitive_library.swift"],
+    data = [":transitive_data.txt"],
+    tags = FIXTURE_TAGS,
+)
+
+swift_library(
+    name = "direct_library",
+    srcs = ["direct_library.swift"],
+    tags = FIXTURE_TAGS,
+    deps = [":transitive_library"],
+)
+
+swift_binary(
+    name = "runtime_deps",
+    srcs = ["main.swift"],
+    module_name = "binary",
+    tags = FIXTURE_TAGS,
+    deps = [":direct_library"],
+)
diff --git a/test/fixtures/runtime_deps/direct_library.swift b/test/fixtures/runtime_deps/direct_library.swift
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..00c7568f8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/fixtures/runtime_deps/direct_library.swift
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+public func foo() -> String {
+    return "foo"
+}
diff --git a/test/fixtures/runtime_deps/main.swift b/test/fixtures/runtime_deps/main.swift
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..b80e3222a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/fixtures/runtime_deps/main.swift
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+print("hi")
diff --git a/test/fixtures/runtime_deps/transitive_data.txt b/test/fixtures/runtime_deps/transitive_data.txt
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..312b673e3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/fixtures/runtime_deps/transitive_data.txt
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+Its some data
diff --git a/test/fixtures/runtime_deps/transitive_library.swift b/test/fixtures/runtime_deps/transitive_library.swift
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..00c7568f8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/fixtures/runtime_deps/transitive_library.swift
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+public func foo() -> String {
+    return "foo"
+}
diff --git a/test/runtime_deps_tests.bzl b/test/runtime_deps_tests.bzl
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..45116f031
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/runtime_deps_tests.bzl
@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+# Copyright 2020 The Bazel Authors. All rights reserved.
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#    http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+"""Tests for `swift_library.generated_header`."""
+
+load(
+    "//test/rules:provider_test.bzl",
+    "provider_test",
+)
+
+def runtime_deps_test_suite(name, tags = []):
+    """Test suite for `swift_binary` runtime deps.
+
+    Args:
+        name: The base name to be used in targets created by this macro.
+        tags: Additional tags to apply to each test.
+    """
+    all_tags = [name] + tags
+
+    provider_test(
+        name = "{}_swift_binary_runtime_deps".format(name),
+        expected_files = [
+            "test/fixtures/runtime_deps/transitive_data.txt",
+            "*",
+        ],
+        field = "default_runfiles.files",
+        provider = "DefaultInfo",
+        tags = all_tags,
+        target_under_test = "//test/fixtures/runtime_deps",
+    )
+
+    native.test_suite(
+        name = name,
+        tags = all_tags,
+    )