diff --git a/src/Microsoft.AspNetCore.Http.Abstractions/Extensions/UseWhenExtensions.cs b/src/Microsoft.AspNetCore.Http.Abstractions/Extensions/UseWhenExtensions.cs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..3709a1e9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/Microsoft.AspNetCore.Http.Abstractions/Extensions/UseWhenExtensions.cs
@@ -0,0 +1,67 @@
+// Copyright (c) .NET Foundation. All rights reserved.
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0. See License.txt in the project root for license information.
+
+using System;
+using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Http;
+
+namespace Microsoft.AspNetCore.Builder
+{
+    using Predicate = Func<HttpContext, bool>;
+
+    /// <summary>
+    /// Extension methods for <see cref="IApplicationBuilder"/>.
+    /// </summary>
+    public static class UseWhenExtensions
+    {
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Conditionally creates a branch in the request pipeline that is rejoined to the main pipeline.
+        /// </summary>
+        /// <param name="app"></param>
+        /// <param name="predicate">Invoked with the request environment to determine if the branch should be taken</param>
+        /// <param name="configuration">Configures a branch to take</param>
+        /// <returns></returns>
+        public static IApplicationBuilder UseWhen(this IApplicationBuilder app, Predicate predicate, Action<IApplicationBuilder> configuration)
+        {
+            if (app == null)
+            {
+                throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(app));
+            }
+
+            if (predicate == null)
+            {
+                throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(predicate));
+            }
+
+            if (configuration == null)
+            {
+                throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(configuration));
+            }
+
+            // Create and configure the branch builder right away; otherwise,
+            // we would end up running our branch after all the components
+            // that were subsequently added to the main builder.
+            var branchBuilder = app.New();
+            configuration(branchBuilder);
+
+            return app.Use(main =>
+            {
+                // This is called only when the main application builder 
+                // is built, not per request.
+                branchBuilder.Run(main);
+                var branch = branchBuilder.Build();
+
+                return async context =>
+                {
+                    if (predicate(context))
+                    {
+                        await branch(context);
+                    }
+                    else
+                    {
+                        await main(context);
+                    }
+                };
+            });
+        }
+    }
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/test/Microsoft.AspNetCore.Http.Abstractions.Tests/UseWhenExtensionsTests.cs b/test/Microsoft.AspNetCore.Http.Abstractions.Tests/UseWhenExtensionsTests.cs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..902a003b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/Microsoft.AspNetCore.Http.Abstractions.Tests/UseWhenExtensionsTests.cs
@@ -0,0 +1,170 @@
+// Copyright (c) .NET Foundation. All rights reserved.
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0. See License.txt in the project root for license information.
+
+using System;
+using System.Threading.Tasks;
+using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Builder.Internal;
+using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Http;
+using Xunit;
+
+namespace Microsoft.AspNetCore.Builder.Extensions
+{
+    public class UseWhenExtensionsTests
+    {
+        [Fact]
+        public void NullArguments_ArgumentNullException()
+        {
+            // Arrange
+            var builder = CreateBuilder();
+
+            // Act
+            Action nullPredicate = () => builder.UseWhen(null, app => { });
+            Action nullConfiguration = () => builder.UseWhen(TruePredicate, null);
+
+            // Assert
+            Assert.Throws<ArgumentNullException>(nullPredicate);
+            Assert.Throws<ArgumentNullException>(nullConfiguration);
+        }
+
+        [Fact]
+        public void PredicateTrue_BranchTaken_WillRejoin()
+        {
+            // Arrange
+            var context = CreateContext();
+            var parent = CreateBuilder();
+
+            parent.UseWhen(TruePredicate, child =>
+            {
+                child.UseWhen(TruePredicate, grandchild =>
+                {
+                    grandchild.Use(Increment("grandchild"));
+                });
+
+                child.Use(Increment("child"));
+            });
+
+            parent.Use(Increment("parent"));
+
+            // Act
+            parent.Build().Invoke(context).Wait();
+
+            // Assert
+            Assert.Equal(1, Count(context, "parent"));
+            Assert.Equal(1, Count(context, "child"));
+            Assert.Equal(1, Count(context, "grandchild"));
+        }
+
+        [Fact]
+        public void PredicateTrue_BranchTaken_CanTerminate()
+        {
+            // Arrange
+            var context = CreateContext();
+            var parent = CreateBuilder();
+
+            parent.UseWhen(TruePredicate, child =>
+            {
+                child.UseWhen(TruePredicate, grandchild =>
+                {
+                    grandchild.Use(Increment("grandchild", terminate: true));
+                });
+
+                child.Use(Increment("child"));
+            });
+
+            parent.Use(Increment("parent"));
+
+            // Act
+            parent.Build().Invoke(context).Wait();
+
+            // Assert
+            Assert.Equal(0, Count(context, "parent"));
+            Assert.Equal(0, Count(context, "child"));
+            Assert.Equal(1, Count(context, "grandchild"));
+        }
+
+        [Fact]
+        public void PredicateFalse_PassThrough()
+        {
+            // Arrange
+            var context = CreateContext();
+            var parent = CreateBuilder();
+
+            parent.UseWhen(FalsePredicate, child =>
+            {
+                child.Use(Increment("child"));
+            });
+
+            parent.Use(Increment("parent"));
+
+            // Act
+            parent.Build().Invoke(context).Wait();
+
+            // Assert
+            Assert.Equal(1, Count(context, "parent"));
+            Assert.Equal(0, Count(context, "child"));
+        }
+
+        private static HttpContext CreateContext()
+        {
+            return new DefaultHttpContext();
+        }
+
+        private static ApplicationBuilder CreateBuilder()
+        {
+            return new ApplicationBuilder(serviceProvider: null);
+        }
+
+        private static bool TruePredicate(HttpContext context)
+        {
+            return true;
+        }
+
+        private static bool FalsePredicate(HttpContext context)
+        {
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        private static Func<HttpContext, Func<Task>, Task> Increment(string key, bool terminate = false)
+        {
+            return (context, next) =>
+            {
+                if (!context.Items.ContainsKey(key))
+                {
+                    context.Items[key] = 1;
+                }
+                else
+                {
+                    var item = context.Items[key];
+
+                    if (item is int)
+                    {
+                        context.Items[key] = 1 + (int)item;
+                    }
+                    else
+                    {
+                        context.Items[key] = 1;
+                    }
+                }
+
+                return terminate ? Task.FromResult<object>(null) : next();
+            };
+        }
+
+        private static int Count(HttpContext context, string key)
+        {
+            if (!context.Items.ContainsKey(key))
+            {
+                return 0;
+            }
+
+            var item = context.Items[key];
+
+            if (item is int)
+            {
+                return (int)item;
+            }
+
+            return 0;
+        }
+    }
+}