// We measure costs in standardised milli-SM-cycles. The smem load
  // and store each cost 8 * convertLayoutBytes, and then we double
  // it to account for extra cost due to synchronisation.
  int64_t convertLayoutCost = 32 * convertLayoutBytes;

    } else if (isa<arith::ArithDialect, math::MathDialect>(dialect)) {
      // this is an arithmetic operation; we distinguish between cheap
      // operations (such as floating point add/mul which can be fused
      // as halves of a single-cycle FMA instruction) and expensive
      // operations which use the special function unit and/or involve
      // multiple instructions.
      int64_t multiplier = isExpensiveMathOp(op) ? 8 : 1;
      for (Value result : op->getResults()) {
        rematerialisationCost += multiplier * getByteCount(result);
      }